On Detecting and Representing Bottom-up Change in Ontology Versioning

Heru Agus Santoso,Su-Cheng Haw,Chien-Sing Lee 보안공학연구지원센터 2011 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.4 No.2

Bonding Performance of Maltodextrin and Citric Acid for Particleboard Made From Nipa Fronds¹

Mahdi Santoso,Ragil Widyorini,Tibertius Agus Prayitno,Joko Sulistyo 한국목재공학회 2017 목재공학 Vol.45 No.4

Maltodextrin and citric acid are two types of natural materials with the potential as an eco-friendly binder. Maltodextrin is a natural substance rich in hydroxyl groups and can form hydrogen bonds with lignoselulosic material, while citric acid is a polycarboxylic acid which can form an ester bond with a hydroxyl group at lignoselulosic material. The combination of maltodextrin and citric acid as a natural binder materials supposed to be increase the ester bonds formed within the particleboard. This research determined to investigate the bond-ing properties of a new adhesive composed of maltodextrin/citric acid for nipa frond particleboard. Maltodextrin and citric acid were dissolved in distillated water at the ratios of 100/0, 87.5/12.5, 75/25 and 0/100, and the concentration of the solution was adjusted to 50% for maltodextrin and 60% citric acid (wt%). This adhesive solution was sprayed onto the particles at 20% resin content based on the weight of oven dried particles. Particleboards with a size of 25 × 25 × 1 cm, a target density 800 kg/m³ were prepared by hot-pressing at press temperatures of 180℃ or 200℃, a press time of 10 minute and board pressure 3.6 MPa. Physical and mechanical properties of particleboard were tested by a standard method (JIS A 5908). The results showed that added citric acid level in maltodextrin/citric acid composition and hot-pressing temperature had affected to the properties of particleboard. The optimum properties of the board were achieved at a pressing temperature of 180℃ and the addition of only 20% citric acid. The results also indicated that the peak intensity of C=O group increased and OH group decreased with the addition of citric acid and an increase in the pressing temperature, suggesting an interreaction between the hydroxyl groups from the lignocellulosic materials and carboxyl groups from citric acid to form the ester groups.

ENSO and greenhouse warming

Cai, Wenju,Santoso, Agus,Wang, Guojian,Yeh, Sang-Wook,An, Soon-Il,Cobb, Kim M.,Collins, Mat,Guilyardi, Eric,Jin, Fei-Fei,Kug, Jong-Seong,Lengaigne, Matthieu,McPhaden, Michael J.,Takahashi, Ken,Timmerm Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2015 Nature climate change Vol.5 No.9

The El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant climate phenomenon affecting extreme weather conditions worldwide. Its response to greenhouse warming has challenged scientists for decades, despite model agreement on projected changes in mean state. Recent studies have provided new insights into the elusive links between changes in ENSO and in the mean state of the Pacific climate. The projected slow-down in Walker circulation is expected to weaken equatorial Pacific Ocean currents, boosting the occurrences of eastward-propagating warm surface anomalies that characterize observed extreme El Niño events. Accelerated equatorial Pacific warming, particularly in the east, is expected to induce extreme rainfall in the eastern equatorial Pacific and extreme equatorward swings of the Pacific convergence zones, both of which are features of extreme El Niño. The frequency of extreme La Niña is also expected to increase in response to more extreme El Niños, an accelerated maritime continent warming and surface-intensified ocean warming. ENSO-related catastrophic weather events are thus likely to occur more frequently with unabated greenhouse-gas emissions. But model biases and recent observed strengthening of the Walker circulation highlight the need for further testing as new models, observations and insights become available.

The Effect of Strategic Leadership and Organization Culture on Business Performance

Munawaroh MUNAWAROH,Budi SANTOSO,Risa Ratna GUMILANG,Deny HIDAYATULLAH,Adam HERMAWAN,Sri MARHANAH,Arie GUNAWAN,Denok SUNARSI,Agus PURWANTO 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.6

Competitive Strategy is defined as the long-term plan of a particular company to gain a competitive advantage over its competitors in the industry. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of strategic leadership on competitive strategy, motivation on competitive strategy, organization culture on competitive strategy, strategic leadership on business performance, motivation on business performance, organization culture on business performance, and competitive strategy on business performance. The analytical method used in this research is structural equation modeling (SEM) to determine the causal relationship between latent variables contained in structural equations. The analysis tool used is with the help of Smart PLS. The method used in this research is quantitative, and the data collection method is by distributing questionnaires to manufacturing industry employees electronically using a simple random sampling technique. The results of the questionnaire returned were 150 respondents. Based on the data analysis, it was concluded that strategic leadership had no significant effect on competitive strategy. strategic leadership has a significant effect on business performance, organizational culture has a significant effect on business performance, organizational culture has a significant effect on competitive strategy. Motivation has a significant effect on competitive strategy, motivation has no significant effect on business performance. The competitive strategy has no significant effect on business performance.

Local Superior Commodities, Regional Specializations and Regional Economic Contributions

Gunawan,Arie Eko Cahyono,Agus Santoso 한국유통과학회 2018 유통과학연구 Vol.16 No.9

Purpose – The purpose of was paper is to do a conceptual analysis of the determination of local superior commodities using the location quotient technique and an analysis of the contribution of superior products to the regional economy. The results of determining superior commodities are used to determine regional product specialization and its contribution to the regional economy. Local superior commodities are dynamic and selected based on the potential to increase regional income. Research design, data, and methodology - This study used location quotient techniques and regional economic analysis with annual data rocks, production data in the agriculture, plantation, fishery and forestry sectors. Local superior commodities are calculated to contribute to regional economists. Result – The findings obtained showed the location quotient technique can determine local superior commodities and local superior commodities contributed positively to the regional economy. The test results were carried out in Jember Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. Conclusion – The ass well main commodities of Jember Regency are tobacco. Tobacco commodities contribute positively to the regional economy, they were not significantly due to affected by the low of commodity prices in harvest. The low prices indicate the strength of the weak bargaining position of farmers towards the market.

The Effect of Industrial Agglomeration on Economic Growth in East Java, Indonesia

Arief Tri HARDJOKO,Dwi Budi SANTOSO,Agus SUMAN,Rachmad Kresna SAKTI 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.10

Industrial agglomeration policy is a strategy that is expected to accelerate economic growth to transform an impoverished region into a prosperous one. However, industrial agglomeration also has the potential to exacerbate development inequality due to the concentration of economic development activities in certain areas. Therefore, this study aims to investigate what strategies are best to minimize the adverse effects of industrial agglomeration. This study uses econometric analysis with panel data covering 38 districts/cities in East Java during the 2011–2019 period. The results showed that the combination of industrial agglomeration policies coupled with accelerated sectoral growth, hard infrastructure development, and soft infrastructure provided the best policy outcome, improving regional inequality and accelerating economic growth in East Java. Based on the analysis, we find that East Java’s economic growth characteristics are convergent but relatively long. Therefore, the East Java economic development policy during 2010–2019 should be reviewed due to the relatively long convergence period. Furthermore, this study also found that industrial agglomeration slows down the convergence and economic growth of East Java. In the future, the deployment of Industrial Development Centers (PPI) outside the existing eight districts/cities is needed to accelerate the spread of economic activity in East Java.

Response of El Niño sea surface temperature variability to greenhouse warming

Kim, Seon Tae,Cai, Wenju,Jin, Fei-Fei,Santoso, Agus,Wu, Lixin,Guilyardi, Eric,An, Soon-Il Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2014 Nature climate change Vol.4 No.9

<P>The destructive environmental and socio-economic impacts of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation(1,2) (ENSO) demand an improved understanding of how ENSO will change under future greenhouse warming. Robust projected changes in certain aspects of ENSO have been recently established(3-5). However, there is as yet no consensus on the change in the magnitude of the associated sea surface temperature (SST) variability(6-8), commonly used to represent ENSO amplitude(1,6), despite its strong effects on marine ecosystems and rainfall worldwide(1-4,9). Here we show that the response of ENSO SST amplitude is time-varying, with an increasing trend in ENSO amplitude before 2040, followed by a decreasing trend thereafter. We attribute the previous lack of consensus to an expectation that the trend in ENSO amplitude over the entire twenty-first century is unidirectional, and to unrealistic model dynamics of tropical Pacific SST variability. We examine these complex processes across 22 models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) database(10), forced under historical and greenhouse warming conditions. The nine most realistic models identified show a strong consensus on the time-varying response and reveal that the non-unidirectional behaviour is linked to a longitudinal difference in the surface warming rate across the Indo-Pacific basin. Our results carry important implications for climate projections and climate adaptation pathways.</P>

Antibiofilm Activity and Binding Specificity of Polyclonal DNA Aptamers on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

Kusumawati Arizah,Mustopa Apon Zaenal,Umami Rifqiyah Nur,Santoso Adi,Wibawan I Wayan Teguh,Setiyono Agus,Sudarwanto Mirnawati Bachrum 한국미생물·생명공학회 2022 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.50 No.3

Aptamers are short, chemically synthesized, single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides that fold into unique three-dimensional structures. In this study, we aim to determine the antibiofilm activity and binding specificity of the six polyclonal DNA aptamers (S15K3, S15K4, S15K6, S15K13, S15K15, and S15K20) on Staphylococcus aureus BPA-12 and Escherichia coli EPEC 4. Aptamer S15K6 showed the highest percentage of antibiofilm activity against S. aureus BPA-12 (37.4%) as shown by the lowest OD570 value of 0.313. Aptamer S15K20 showed the highest percentage of antibiofilm activity against E. coli EPEC 4 (15.4%) as shown by the lowest OD570 value of 0.515. Aptamers S15K13 and S15K20 showed antibiofilm activities against both S. aureus BPA-12 and E. coli EPEC4, and thus potentially have broad reactivity. Furthermore, based on the binding capacity and Kd values from our previous study, the binding specificity assay of selected polyclonal DNA aptamers (S15K3 and S15K15) against S. aureus BPA-12, E. coli EPEC 4, S. aureus BPA-6, S. agalactiae, E. coli MHA-6, and Listeria monocytogenes were performed using qPCR. Aptamers S15K3 and S15K15 showed specific binding to S. aureus BPA-12, E. coli EPEC 4, S. aureus BPA-6, and S. agalactiae, but could not bind to E. coli MHA-6 and L. monocytogenes. Therefore, this study showed that the polyclonal DNA aptamers have antibiofilm activity and were able to bind to S. aureus BPA-12 and E. coli EPEC 4 bacteria.

Pantropical climate interactions

Cai, Wenju,Wu, Lixin,Lengaigne, Matthieu,Li, Tim,McGregor, Shayne,Kug, Jong-Seong,Yu, Jin-Yi,Stuecker, Malte F.,Santoso, Agus,Li, Xichen,Ham, Yoo-Geun,Chikamoto, Yoshimitsu,Ng, Benjamin,McPhaden, Mich American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2019 Science Vol.363 No.6430

<P><B>Tropical interconnections</B></P><P>The El Niño–Southern Oscillation, which originates in the tropical Pacific, affects the rest of the world's tropics by perturbing global atmospheric circulation. Less appreciated than this influence is how the tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans affect the Pacific. Cai <I>et al.</I> review what we know about these pantropical interactions, discuss possible ways of improving predictions of current climate variability, and consider how projecting future climate under different anthropogenic forcing scenarios may be improved. They argue that making progress in this field will require sustained global climate observations, climate model improvements, and theoretical advances.</P><P><I>Science</I>, this issue p. eaav4236</P><P>The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which originates in the Pacific, is the strongest and most well-known mode of tropical climate variability. Its reach is global, and it can force climate variations of the tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans by perturbing the global atmospheric circulation. Less appreciated is how the tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans affect the Pacific. Especially noteworthy is the multidecadal Atlantic warming that began in the late 1990s, because recent research suggests that it has influenced Indo-Pacific climate, the character of the ENSO cycle, and the hiatus in global surface warming. Discovery of these pantropical interactions provides a pathway forward for improving predictions of climate variability in the current climate and for refining projections of future climate under different anthropogenic forcing scenarios.</P>