SINGULAR CLEAN RINGS

Amini, Afshin,Amini, Babak,Nejadzadeh, Afsaneh,Sharif, Habib Korean Mathematical Society 2018 대한수학회지 Vol.55 No.5

In this paper, we define right singular clean rings as rings in which every element can be written as a sum of a right singular element and an idempotent. Several properties of these rings are investigated. It is shown that for a ring R, being singular clean is not left-right symmetric. Also the relations between (nil) clean rings and right singular clean rings are considered. Some examples of right singular clean rings have been constructed by a given one. Finally, uniquely right singular clean rings and weakly right singular clean rings are also studied.

Singular clean rings

Afshin Amini,Babak Amini,Afsaneh Nejadzadeh,Habib Sharif 대한수학회 2018 대한수학회지 Vol.55 No.5

In this paper, we define right singular clean rings as rings in which every element can be written as a sum of a right singular element and an idempotent. Several properties of these rings are investigated. It is shown that for a ring $R$, being singular clean is not left-right symmetric. Also the relations between (nil) clean rings and right singular clean rings are considered. Some examples of right singular clean rings have been constructed by a given one. Finally, uniquely right singular clean rings and weakly right singular clean rings are also studied.

Effect of timing of morphine administration during propofol - remifentanil anesthesia on the requirements of post-operative analgesia

Farid Zand,Afshin Amini,Seyed Alireza Hamidi 대한마취통증의학회 2012 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.63 No.3

Background: An important concern of intra-operative infusion of remifentanil is the possible development of acute opioid tolerance, which manifests as an increased postoperative analgesia requirement. We have examined the effect of the timing of intra operative morphine administration on the need for morphine consumption for pain control during the first 24 hours after operation. Methods: Sixty adult patients scheduled for elective open unilateral nephrolithotomy surgery were recruited for this prospective randomized double-blind study. Anesthesia was induced with 0.03 mg/kg midazolam, 1 μg/kg remifentanil, and 1.5-2 mg/kg propofol. Anesthesia was maintained with 100 μg/kg/min propofol, and 0.25 μg/kg/min remifentanil. Both groups received 0.1 mg/kg morphine intravenously at 2 different times; in the first group (group E) immediately after intubation and in the second group (group L) 20-30 min before the anticipated end of operation. Results: There was no difference in pain scores at awakening, the amount of morphine given to the 2 groups for pain control, or the time to discharge from PACU between the 2 groups. The pain scores at admission to ward and at every 4 hours thereafter, until 24 hours, were not significantly different between the 2 groups. The cumulative amount of the first 24 hours morphine consumption in the ward in E group was 28.2 ± 20.1 mg and 26.5 ± 15 mg in L group, respectively (P = 0.71). Conclusions: Early intra-operative administration of morphine compared to that of morphine in the end of surgery did not affect postoperative morphine consumption and pain scores during the first 24 hours after surgery for open nephrolithotomy. Newer pharmacologic interventions for prevention of acute tolerance of opioids seems rational (Clinical trial registration No. ACTRN: 12609000570280). Background: An important concern of intra-operative infusion of remifentanil is the possible development of acute opioid tolerance, which manifests as an increased postoperative analgesia requirement. We have examined the effect of the timing of intra operative morphine administration on the need for morphine consumption for pain control during the first 24 hours after operation. Methods: Sixty adult patients scheduled for elective open unilateral nephrolithotomy surgery were recruited for this prospective randomized double-blind study. Anesthesia was induced with 0.03 mg/kg midazolam, 1 μg/kg remifentanil, and 1.5-2 mg/kg propofol. Anesthesia was maintained with 100 μg/kg/min propofol, and 0.25 μg/kg/min remifentanil. Both groups received 0.1 mg/kg morphine intravenously at 2 different times; in the first group (group E) immediately after intubation and in the second group (group L) 20-30 min before the anticipated end of operation. Results: There was no difference in pain scores at awakening, the amount of morphine given to the 2 groups for pain control, or the time to discharge from PACU between the 2 groups. The pain scores at admission to ward and at every 4 hours thereafter, until 24 hours, were not significantly different between the 2 groups. The cumulative amount of the first 24 hours morphine consumption in the ward in E group was 28.2 ± 20.1 mg and 26.5 ± 15 mg in L group, respectively (P = 0.71). Conclusions: Early intra-operative administration of morphine compared to that of morphine in the end of surgery did not affect postoperative morphine consumption and pain scores during the first 24 hours after surgery for open nephrolithotomy. Newer pharmacologic interventions for prevention of acute tolerance of opioids seems rational (Clinical trial registration No. ACTRN: 12609000570280).

Post-dural puncture headache prevention and treatment with aminophylline or theophylline: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Barati-Boldaji Reza,Shojaei-Zarghani Sara,Mehrabi Manoosh,Amini Afshin,Safarpour Ali Reza 대한마취통증의학회 2023 Anesthesia and pain medicine Vol.18 No.2

Background: Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is one of the most common complications in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the therapeutic and prophylactic effects of aminophylline and theophylline on PDPH.Methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching the following electronic databases, without language restriction, until June 2020: Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane Library-CENTRAL, and CINAHL Complete. Random effects models were used to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) to assess the therapeutic and prophylactic effects of aminophylline and theophylline on PDPH, respectively. The Cochrane tool was used for the quality assessment of the included studies. The certainty of the evidence was rated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation method.Results: Of the 1,349 initial records, 15 met our eligibility criteria (6 studies on therapeutic and 9 on prophylactic effects). A significant reduction in the pain score was observed following aminophylline/theophylline treatment (SMD = –1.67; 95% CI, –2.28 to –1.05; P < 0.001, I2 = 84.7%; P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that the therapeutic effect was significantly higher when these agents were compared to placebo than when conventional therapies were used. The risk of PDPH after aminophylline administration was not significantly reduced (RR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.42 to 1.31; P = 0.290).Conclusions: Theophylline and aminophylline have therapeutic, but not prophylactic, effects on PDPH.

Disorders of Liver : The Role Of Germinative Layer In Inducing Hydatid Cyst

( Seyed Vahid Hosseini ),( Soheal Mansoorian ),( Seyed Mahmood Sadjjadi ),( Davood Mehrabani ),( Zahra Barzin ),( Nader Tanideh ),( Afshin Amini ),( All Rafati ),( Masoud Amini ) 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-

Background/Aims: In spite of use of protoseololeidal agents during surgery, a notable rate of recurrence of disease in post-operation patients is still observed. The question exists is that alive scolices would cause any recurrence or is due to the presence of the germinative layer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of scolicidal agents on this layer as well as its ability of the layer to produce any hydatid disease in an in vivo condition. Methods: Germinative layer of hydatid cyst was separated under sterile condition, was divided into 0.5 cm parts, exposed to various protoseolicidal agents for 2 minutes, and implanted in peritoneal cavity of 62 BALB-C mice. After 9 months, the peritoneum was evaluated macroscopically and microscopically for the presence of any hydatid disease. Results: After 9 months, no hydatid disease was visible in the peritoneum of all the sixty two mice. Conclusions: In this study, the germinative layer could not cause any hydatid disease but positive results of Tarakanovet al. with cultures of protoseolices and the germinative layer cells in the peritoneal cavity mice indicate to a need of another study of implantation of culture cells of the germinated layer lacking protoscolices in a larger animal study to clarify the differences.