Odds Ratio and Probability of Conception of Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Ali, A.K.A.,ALEssa, A.A.,Alshaikh, M.A.,Aljumaah, R.S.,Al-Haidary, A.A.,Alkraidees, M.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.3

Logistic Regression Analysis was used to compute the odds ratio (OR) and probability of conception of Holstein dairy cows of AL-MARAIE company. Data consisted of 103,778 reproductive records collected from three farms in the central region in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Records were classified according to lactation number, season of calving and milk level. At first lactation, OR of first service was 0.63 of other services and probability of pregnancy from first services was 0.39. Odds ratio increased to 1.72 at fourth lactation or probability of conception reached 0.63. The probability of conception increased from 0.39 for cows inseminated at first services to 0.75 at fifth service insemination. Odds ratio of cows calving in winter were higher than those calving in summer. Odds ratio of conception of low producing cows is about twice as likely to occur from first service as from other services. However, OR of conception of high producing cows was higher than one (probability=0.56) from first service and increased to 1.63 (probability=0.65) from third service. Odds ratio was in favor of the right uterus horn where probability of conception from first service was slightly greater than 50% in first and second lactations and less than 50% in favor of left horn in later lactations.

On simple estimation technique for the reliability of exponential lifetime model

Al-Hemyari, Z.A.,Al-Saidy, Obaid M.,Al-Ali, A.R. The Korean Reliability Society 2013 International Journal of Reliability and Applicati Vol.14 No.2

Exponential distribution plays a key role in engineering reliability and its applications. The exponential failure model has been studied for years. This article introduces two new preliminary test estimators for the reliability function (R(t)) in complete and censored samples from the exponential model with the use of a prior estimation (${\theta}_0$) of the mean (${\theta}$). The proposed preliminary test estimators are studied and compared numerically with the existing estimators. Computer-intensive calculations for bias and relative efficiency show that for, different values of levels of significance and for varying constants involved in the proposed estimators, the proposed estimators are far better than classical and existing estimators.

The Influence of the Tools of Liberalism and the Clash of Civilizations on Arabs’ Perceptions of the United States of America

Ali A Dashti,Ali Al-Kandari,Ahmed R. Alsaber,Ahmad Al-Shallal 충남대학교 아시아여론연구소 2023 Asian journal for public opinion research Vol.11 No.4

Adopting the Tools of Liberalism and Clash of Civilizations theories of international relations, this study examines the perceptions of 25,406 Arabs in 11 Arab countries as expressed in an Arab Barometer survey exploring their perceptions of violence against the United States (US), American citizens as “good,” President Donald Trump’s foreign policy in the Middle East, increasing economic relations with the US, and welcoming American foreign aid. As aspects of the Clash of Civilizations theory, this study examines religiosity, religious ritual practices, and political Islam and, as aspects of liberalism, this study explores the roles of online media as well as perceptions about US foreign aid in the prediction of the criterion variables. The findings suggest that religious indicators, and aspects of the Clash of Civilizations generally, were negative predictors of the perceptions, while social media and motivations for US foreign aid as aspects of liberalism, positively predicted the perceptions. The study discusses the results in relation to implications for policy makers.

LACTATION CURVE OF HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN COWS IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA

Ali, A.K.A.,Al-Jumaah, R.S.,Hayes, E. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1996 Animal Bioscience Vol.9 No.4

Monthly test day production for 12,020 records, were collected from six of the largest specialized dairy farms located in central region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The records described lactating cows in four parities and two seasons of calving. Monthly test day records were fitted using Wood's model $At{{^b}{_e}}^{-ct}$ with multiple and additive error term. Linear and non-linear regression models were used to find the estimates of the parameters necessary to draw the lactation curves. The shape of the lactation curves of different parities showed that third lactation has the heighest peak (43.08 kg) for linear regression model and (42.08 kg) for non-linear regression model. Fourth lactation has the lowest peak (24.00kg) for linear regression model and (25.64 kg) for non-linear regression models. Cows of second and third lactations reached the peak at 58 day for both linear and non-linear regression models. Cows of first lactation were more persistent and had late peak at 68 and 67 days for both models respectively. While, third lactation cows were lower persistent and had early peak at 58 day for both models. Cows calved at winter months have higher starting values (A), higher ascending slope (b) and higher decending slope (c). Least square means of milk yield of the first four parities and for overall data were 6,653, 7,659, 7,482, 6,988 and 7,614 kg respectively. The corresponding lactation period were 358, 367, 350, 363 and 364 days respectively.

On simple estimation technique for the reliability of exponential lifetime model

Z. A. Al-Hemyari,Obaid M. Al-Saidy,A. R. Al-Ali 한국신뢰성학회 2013 International Journal of Reliability and Applicati Vol.14 No.2

Exponential distribution plays a key role in engineering reliability and its applications. The exponential failure model has been studied for years. This article introduces two new preliminary test estimators for the reliability function ( R(t) ) in complete and censored samples from the exponential model with the use of a prior estimation ( θ0 ) of the mean ( θ ) . The proposed preliminary test estimators are studied and compared numerically with the existing estimators. Computer-intensive calculations for bias and relative efficiency show that for, different values of levels of significance and for varying constants involved in the proposed estimators, the proposed estimators are far better than classical and existing estimators.

Effects of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Glycemic and Lipid Profiles In Vitro

Abdulrahim R. Hakami,Sultan Alasmari,Mohammed Makkawi,Adel Abo Mansour,Irfan Ahmad,Mesfer Al Shahrani,Ali Alkhathami,Ayed A. Dera,Jaya Shanker Tedla,Saleh Almane,Abdulaziz Abudahish,Jawaher AbuHadhyah 대한의학레이저학회 2020 MEDICAL LASERS Vol.9 No.2

Background and Objectives This study aimed at examining the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and low- and high-density lipoprotein (LDL and HDL, respectively) levels in vitro. Materials and Methods A total of 38 serum samples collected in plain (n=10) and heparinized tubes (n=28) were subjected to PBMT at 60 Joules (J)/cm2 for 2 min at 810 nm. The glucose and lipid profiles, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL of each sample was measured before and after PBMT. Results A statistically significant increase in glucose levels was observed in the PBMT-sera in 8 out of 10 samples in plain tubes. However, only two samples that were prepared in heparinized tubes showed an increase in glucose levels. The remaining heparinized samples that were exposed to PBMT presented lower glucose values. The treated sera exhibited a fluctuation in the lipid profiles after PBMT. However, high cholesterol levels were evident following PBMT. Similar trends with HDL and LDL in heparinized tubes were evident. Conclusion Together, the findings suggest that photobiomodulation exhibits an effect on glycemic and lipid profiles in vitro. Hence, the use of low-level laser therapy could have therapeutic potential. However, the differences between individual responses appear to indicate that the impact of PBMT may not always be beneficial.

Influence of Genotype and Haplotype of MDR1 (C3435T, G2677A/T, C1236T) on the Incidence of Breast Cancer - a Case-Control Study in Jordan

Abuhaliema, Ali M,Yousef, Al-Motassem F,El-Madany, Nirmeen N,Bulatova, Nailya R,Awwad, Nemah M,Yousef, Muhammad A,Al Majdalawi, Khalil Z Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.1

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women and the second in humans worldwide. Many published studies have suggested an association between MDR1 polymorphisms and breast cancer risk. Our aim was to study the association between genetic polymorphism of MDR1 at three sites (C3435T, G2677A/T, and C1236T) and their haplotype and the risk of breast cancer in Jordanian females. Materials and Methods: A case-control study involving 150 breast cancer cases and 150 controls was conducted. Controls were age-matched to cases. The polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique and sequencing were performed to analyse genotypes. Results: The distribution of MDR1 C3435T genotypes differed between cases and controls [cases, CC 45.3%, CT 41.3%, and TT 13.3%; controls, CC 13.4%, CT 43.3%, and TT 30.2%, p < 0.001]. Similarly, the distribution of G2677A/T significantly differed [cases, GG 43.1 %, GT+GA 50.9% and AA+TT 6%; controls, GG 29.6 %, GT+GA 50.9%, and AA+TT 19.4%, p = 0.004]. On the other hand, genotype and allelotype distribution of C1236T was not statistically different between cases and controls (p=0.56 and 0.26, respectively). The CGC haplotype increased the risk to breast cancer by 2.5-fold compared to others, while TGC and TTC haplotypes carried 2.5- and 5-fold lower risk of breast cancer, respectively. Conclusions: Genetic polymorphisms of MDR1 C3435T and G2677A/T, but not C1236T, are associated with increased risk of breast cancer. In addition, CGC, TGC and TTC haplotypes have different impacts on the risk of breast cancer. Future, larger studies are needed to validate these findings.

Inhibitory Effect of Ginseng on Breast Cancer Cell Line Growth Via Up-Regulation of Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor, p21 and p53

Shabanah, Othman A AL,Alotaibi, Moureq R,Rejaie, Salim S Al,Alhoshani, Ali R,Almutairi, Mashal M,Alshammari, Musaad A,Hafez, Mohamed M Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.11

Objective: Breast cancer is global female health problem worldwide. Most of the currently used agents for breast cancer treatment have toxic side-effects. Ginseng root, an oriental medicine, has many health benefits and may exhibit direct anti-cancer properties. This study was performed to assess the effects of ginseng on breast cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity of ginseng extract was measured by MTT assay after exposure of MDA-MB-231, MCF-10A and MCF-7 breast cancer cells to concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 mg/well. Expression levels of p21WAF, p16INK4A, Bcl-2, Bax and P53 genes were analyzed by quantitative real time PCR. Results: The treatment resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation in a dose-and time-dependent manner. p53, p21WAF1and p16INK4A expression levels were up-regulated in ginseng treated MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cancer cells compared to untreated controls and in MCF-10A cells. The expression levels of Bcl2 in the MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells were down-regulated. In contrast, that of Bax was significantly up-regulated. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that ginseng may inhibit breast cancer cell growth by activation of the apoptotic pathway.

SKP2/P27^Kip1 pathway is associated with Advanced Ovarian Cancer in Saudi Patients

Hafez, Mohamed M,Alhoshani, Ali R,Al-Hosaini, Khaled A,Alsharari, Shakir D,Al Rejaie, Salim S,Sayed-Ahmed, Mohamed M,Al-Shabanah, Othman A Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.14

Background: Ovarian cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy and constitutes the fifth leading cause of female cancer death. Some biological parameters have prognostic roles in patients with advanced ovarian cancer and their expression may contribute to tumor progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential prognostic value of SKP2, genes P27Kip1, K-ras, c-Myc, COX2 and HER2 genes expression in ovarian cancer. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on two hundred formalin fixed paraffin embedded ovarian cancer and normal adjacent tissues (NAT). Gene expression levels were assessed using real time PCR and Western blotting. Results: Elevated expression levels of SKP2, K-ras, c-Myc, HER2 and COX2 genes were observed in 61.5% (123/200), 92.5% (185/200), 74% (148/200), 96 % (192/200), 90% (180/200) and 78.5% (157/200) of cancer tissues, respectively. High expression of SKP2 and down-regulation of P27 was associated with advanced stages of cancer. Conclusions: The association between high expression of c-Myc and SKP2 with low expression of P27 suggested that the Skp2-P27 pathway may play an important role in ovarian carcinogenesis. Reduced expression of P27 is associated with advanced stage of cancer and can be used as a biological marker in clinical routine assessment and management of women with advanced ovarian cancer.

Endophytes from medicinal plants and their potential for producing indole acetic acid, improving seed germination and mitigating oxidative stress

Khan, A. L.,Gilani, S. A.,Waqas, M.,Al-Hosni, K.,Al-Khiziri, S.,Kim, Y. H.,Ali, L.,Kang, S. M.,Asaf, S.,Shahzad, R. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Journal of Zhejiang University. Science B. Biomedi Vol.18 No.2

<P>Medicinal plants have been used by marginal communities to treat various ailments. However, the potential of endophytes within these bio-prospective medicinal plants remains unknown. The present study elucidates the endophytic diversity of medicinal plants (Caralluma acutangula, Rhazya stricta, and Moringa peregrina) and the endophyte role in seed growth and oxidative stress. Various organs of medicinal plants yielded ten endophytes, which were identified as Phoma sp. (6 isolates), Alternaria sp. (2), Bipolaris sp. (1), and Cladosporium sp. (1) based on 18S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The culture filtrates (CFs; 25%, 50%, and 100% concentrations) from these endophytes were tested against the growth of normal and dwarf mutant rice lines. Endophytic CF exhibited dose-dependent growth stimulation and suppression effects. CF (100%) of Phoma sp. significantly increased rice seed germination and growth compared to controls and other endophytes. This growth-promoting effect was due to the presence of indole acetic acid in endophytic CF. The gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis showed the highest indole acetic acid content ((54.31 +/- 0.21) mu mol/L) in Bipolaris sp. In addition, the isolate of Bipolaris sp. exhibited significantly higher radical scavenging and anti-lipid peroxidation activity than the other isolates. Bipolaris sp. and Phoma sp. also exhibited significantly higher flavonoid and phenolic contents. The medicinal plants exhibited the presence of bio-prospective endophytic strains, which could be used for the improvement of crop growth and the mitigation of oxidative stresses.</P>