초파리의 우화리듬에 관한 유전학적 연구 : 방향성 도태 및 산란력과의 상관반응

추종길,한영주 ( Jong Kil Choo,Young Joo Han ) 한국유전학회 1987 Genes & Genomics Vol.9 No.1

Directional selections for fast and slow eclosion time in Drosophila melanogaster were performed for 15 generations. A hybridization analysis was also undertaken to examine the degree of dominance. After 15 generations of selection for fast and slow direction, the eclosion time (hours) of Oregon-R was 202.5 and 228.6 and 198.4 and 242.4 for Anyang strain. According to time differences between two strains, Anyang had far more selectional effect than Oregon-R. The realized heritabilities for five strains of selection except fast strain of Oregon-R estimated approximately two to three percent. The mean eclosion time for hybrid strains in 10th and 15th generations indicated to incline to slow side. It probably suggested that the polygenes controlling slow eclosion time were partially dominant over the fast one. Correlated response to directional selections of eclosion time and fecundity was analysed at 10th generation of selection. Average number of eggs per a female per day for 20 days were 34 to 50 for fast strains, and slow strains were 47 to 63. The fecundity of DD environment was higher than LL or LD. The longevity was measured by oviposition pattern for 20 days, the LD environment was estimated to be 45 days, and LL and DD were decreased in 25 and 40 days.

광주기변화가 초파이의 우화리듬에 미치는 영향

송기덕,추종길,한영주 高神大學校 1987 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

An examination was carried out with Drosophila melanogaster to analyze the genetic effect of different photoperiod on the mean eclsion time and eclosion rhythm. 1. The mean eclosion time in accordance with changes of photoperiod showed the high speed under the situation of LL (constant light). The eclosion phae of strain managed under LD (periodical light and dark) developed the clear rhythm of eclsion restricted in dark time and realized in light time. The synchronization of its rhythm was most strongly realized right upon the illumination. 2. The mean eclsion time (hours) of five region of natural populations was ranged from 206.6 hours (cheju) to 217.3 hours (Anyang). The eclosion time under LL as faster than DD and LD and male was faster than female. 3. From these resuts, eclsion rhythm in D. melanogaster was synchronized by the circadian cycle under the periodical light and dark environment (12L : 12D).

초파리의 Hybrid Dysgenesis에 관한 연구 : Ⅴ. 인위도태에 의한 P Element Strain의 Type Conversion Ⅴ. Artificial Selection for Type Conversion of P Element Strain

권도형,추종길,한영주 中央大學校 遺傳工學硏究所 1990 遺傳工學硏究論集 Vol.3 No.1

In Drosophila melanogaster the interactions of the P=M system generate germ-line aberration(e. g., sterility, mutations)found in certain interstrain hybirds. Gwacheon wild populations from Korea were examined in order to determines the distribution of chromosomal P factor and extrachromosomal cytotypes, and selection for the M cytotypes. The P factor was found to be very rare in this populations. P factor to be lost in lines take from this populations and inbred in this laboratory for many generation. A large scale search for the M cytotype, which cause susceptibility to the P factor showed that it is present in the population at only very low frequencies. Distribution of P and M strains observed 4(2.8%) and 2(1.24%) lines, and Q and M', were 100(62.11%) and 55(34.17%) lines, respectively. For the analysis of effect in selection for the M cytotype, two traits of chromosome type and cytotype resulted from P and M potentials were performed though 13 generations. Moderate P factor activity was shown in P strain at G₁stage, which GD sterility of Cross A was 16.02%, and then decreased gradually as 1.48%, at G? stage. In the Cross B for the cytotype, GD sterility increased through 13 generations from 5.06% to 9.65%. However, the change of chromosome type and cytotype were not occured in Q and M' strains. The frequency of the M cytotype could not usually be increased by artificial selection. No significant difference in distribution of P element, between each cytotype of P-M system was found.

향류분배 장치에 의한 주광성 행동의 인위도태와 자연도태의 유전적 효과

추종길,한영주,임귀순 中央大學校 自然科學硏究所 1987 自然科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

Directional selections for positive and negative phototaxis were carried out with hte populations, derived from Jeju and L-F strain of Drosophila melanogaster, using the countercurrent distribution apparatus. Effects of selection for positive and negative phototaxis were clearly recognized in the early generations, and the populations were reached a selection plateau from the 5th generation onwards. After 9 generations of artificial selection, the populations selected for positive and negative phototaxis were relaxed in the following 16 generations. The phototactic responses to natural selection of positive and negative populations were not returned to their neutral states. As a result of artificial and natural selection, genes of phototactic behaviors measured by means of countercurrent distribution apparatus are possibly controlled by major genes, and they seem to be fixed in the early generations of artificial selection. Walking behavior in populations of flies with positive and negative phototactic respones at the 9th, 16th and 17th generations was measured by the connected test tube apparatus. The negative populations turned out slow walking behavior. It seems reasonable to assume that genes controlling negative phototaxis and slow walking behavior were accumulated and selected within populations simultaneously.

초파리의 P 전이인자의 Strain Type 에 대한 Type Conversion 에 관한 연구

한영주,이현미,추종길 한국유전학회 1991 Genes & Genomics Vol.13 No.2

161 isofemale lines of Drosophila melanogaster derived from Gwacheon wild population were used to make dysgenic hybrids in the P-M system. P factor activity and cytotypes of each isofemale line were measured by percent gonadal dysgenic sterility among female progenies from crosses with Canton-S female (M type) or Harwich male (P type). Most of the lines were presented Q (62.11%) and M' (34.17%) types, and a few lines were showing the weak P (2.48%) and M (1.24%). Type conversions among the three types, P, Q and M' were examined during the 10 generations in the laboratory condition. Average P factor activity (cross A) of three lines of P strain was 51.99% at foundation generation, and decreased rapidly during the five generations as under the 10% level. In the cross B for the cytotype, average hybrid sterility of P strain was increased gradually through 10 generations from 0 to 8.91%. However, spontaneous changes of type conversions were not appeared in the both P factor activity and cytotypes of Q and M' strains. These observation seem to support the stochastic loss hypothesis of P element proposed by Engels (1981).

重金屬化合物이 초파리의 生理的 適應性에 미치는 影響

秋種吉,韓英珠 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 1982 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.9 No.-

경기도 반월지역에서 채집한 노량초파리(D. melanogaster)를 재료로 하여 Control, Pb 및 Cd compound cage집단을 만들어 계대 사육하면서 다음 몇가지 실험 결과를 얻었다. 25세대후의 각 cage에서 채취한 초파리의 평균산란력은 암컷 한마리가 1일 산란량(20일간의 평균)으로 산출하였다. control은 29.8로 나타났고, Pb 및 Cd cage는 26.0과 26.5 나타나 control에 비해 유의적 차이는 없었으나 다소 산란력이 낮았다. 평균체중과 체장은 각 집단간에서 유의적인 차이를 볼 수 없었다. 그러나 각 실험집단의 암컷의 평균치에 대한 variance는 중금속집단이 control집단 보다 다소 높게 나타났다. Cage populations of lead acetate and cadmium chloride were made by flies of Drosophila melanogaster, which were collected from Banweol area, Gyungi province. Both Pb and Cd compound chemicals were mixed in Drosophila standard medium with 50mg/l, and the flies were bred on this medium over the 20 generations. The experimental results of physiological effects on heavy metals were as follows. Mean egg productivity per female per day on average 20 days after generation 25 was calculated to be 29.8 in control, and those for Pb and Cd compound cages were somewhat decreased as 26.0 and 26.5, respectively. However, no significant difference among them was detected. Average body weight and body length of these experimental cage populations were measured at generations 25,26,31 and 32, and no statistical significance was found among populations. On the other hand, the variances of mean of both characters in Pb and Cd cages were higher than that for control cage. This result suggest that the individual difference of quantitative characters of heavy metal population was higher than that of control.

Drosophila melanogaster 의 P Transposable Element 에 대한 염색체 분포

한영주,추종길,남영미 한국유전학회 1992 Genes & Genomics Vol.14 No.1

Using chromosomal in situ hybridization, multicopied DNA sequences homologous to pπ25.1 P element from 15 iso-female lines of the P strains were analyzed in a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster. The average number of copies of the P element in the 15 lines (two P, seven Q, four M' and two M strains) has determined to be 42.33. The copy number of the P element in the four strain types from the P-M system appeared more or less equally, ranged from 39.27 to 46.50, and its DNA sequences showed highly polymorphic distribution in genomic DNA per cell. The copy number on the X chromosome was slightly higher than that on individual arm of autosomes.

초파리 자연집단의 P 전이인자의 계통형과 염색체분포에 관한 연구

추종길,한영주,정홍량 中央大學校 遺傳工學硏究所 1992 遺傳工學硏究論集 Vol.5 No.1

1990년 경기도 과천시의 포도밭에서 채집한 다량의 초파리중에서 무작위로 40마리의 암컷을 택하여 iso-female line을 만들어 P-M system에 의한 불임실험을 행한 결과 대부분의 계통형이 Q와 M'으로 확인되었다. 40 iso-female line에 대하여 in situ hybridization방법에 의한 P element의 평균 copy수는 58.35개 였으며, X염색체가 12.83개로 가장 높은 수치로 나타내었고, 2nd R이 11.20개로 가장 낮았다. 각계통형간 P element의 평균 copy수는 Q, M'및 (m)P가 각각 58.43, 59.63 및 42.0이였으며, strong P type으로 알려진 π₂와 Harwich와 평균 copy수는 각각 51.0와 48.0개로 나타났다. 실험결과 P-M system의 각 계통형은 P element의 copy수에 의존하지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. Strain types resulted form gonadal dysgenesis sterility of 40 iso-female lines isolated from Gwacheon natural population of Drosophila melanogaster was identified almmost Q or M'. From the results of in situ hybridization using P probe DNA, the average number copies per cell was represented 58.35. The copy number of X chromosome was the highest(12. 83), and the smallest was 2nd R(11. 20). Specific region at the insertion site of P element on the chromosome was not recognized, and distributed randomly in the whole chromosome. The average number of copies in type Q, M' and(m)P were investigated 58. 43, 59. 63 and 42.00, respectively. The number of average copies of standard P strains, π₂ and Harwich 51.0 and 48. 0. No significant difference in the copy numbers and their distribution on the chromosome between each strain type of P-M system was found.

초파리의 Copia Transposable Element에 대한 염색체 분포에 관한 연구

추종길,한영주,남영미 中央大學校 遺傳工學硏究所 1991 遺傳工學硏究論集 Vol.4 No.1

From the results of chromosomal in situ hybridization using copia probe DNA in the six natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster, the average number of copies per cell of copia DNA sequences represent 26.25, and no significant difference among the copy numbers of the populations was detected. The average number of copies of copia element in the 15 isofemale lines of strain type from the P-M system have shown to be 29.93. The number of copies in 2nd R was the highest(7.0) and those for X was the lowest(4.87). Specific region at the insertion site on the chromosome of copia element was not recognized, and distributed randomly in the whole genomic DNA. However, copia element of each chromosome are kept a many number of copies near by centromere compared to the other sites.