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陳聖太 大韓神經精神醫學會 1972 신경정신의학 Vol.11 No.3
The author reported a clinical case of marihuana induced psychosis following the general consideration about marihuana itself-canabis sativa. Hallucinogens such as LSD, mescline, psilocybin etc. have not been the problem socially as well as medically in Korea up to the present time except marihuana which seems to have recently been used by some Korean residing near the U.S. Army camp. It appears that marihuana is a comparatively mild intoxicant in ordinary preparation without causing physical dependence or tolerance. Upon reviewing literatures regarding marihuana psychosis, one can note two different opinions about marihuana psychosis in terms of it's causation. Some earlier investigators insisted that marihuana can induce psychosis directly, but most of others did not agree that marihuana can produce functional psychathology or psychosis but can mostly precipitate it in persons so predisposed. The patient presented in this paper is a 24 year old waitress who became psychotic after rather persitent use of marihuana of 6 weeks' duration(one to two cigarrete a day) to relieve feeling of depression with separation anxiety. She was found to have been hysterical and emotonally unstable person associated with borderline mental retardation (total IQ; 82) prior to her becoming psychotic. It is probable that psychosis in this case is due to her excessive marihuana smoking behavior as precitating factor on the top of the pre-existing personality disorder with mental subnormality as prediposition. In terms of treatment she was successfully managed with a protective and supportive millieu in conjunction with pharmacotherapy (chlorpomazine 200-600mg per day) in acute and subacute phase of her illness. Since the patient has had long-standing personality deficit and subnormal intelligence she will have to be treated with long term supportive psychotherapy with medication as neceassary.
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陳聖太 고신대학교 의학부 1985 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.1 No.1
The author presents a clinical experience on 116 new child psychiatric patients seen at outpatient department, Kosin Medical College and Pusan Gospel Hospital during the period of 12 months (May 1, 1983-April 30, 1984). The results are as follows : 1) As to the sources of referral 60 patients(51.7%) were brought in by either parents or relatives and the referral from pediatricians was 27.6% and the consultation from other departments was also considerable(14.7%). 2) In Age and Sex distribution 73 patients(62.9%) were school-age children and among them the most frequent age group was 9-12 years of age. The male : female sex ratio was 65 : 35 which almost coincides with other reports. 3) The clinical symptoms were divided into 8 major categories, i. e., symptoms manifested in behaviors, somatic symptoms, convulsion, speech disturbances, developmental delays, learning disabilities, and sleep disturbances. Among them behavioral symptoms were most frequently found(31.9%) followed by somatic symptoms(26.8%), and convulsion(20.7%). The bizarre and aggressive symptoms were most prevalent behavior symptom. The headache was the most common single symptom among somatic symptoms. 4) The Diagnstic Distribution reveals that the neurotic anxiety state was the most prevalent(18.1%) followed by convulsive disorder (16.4%), enuresis(6.0%) and infantile autism(5.2%). Psychophysiologic disorder, Adjustment disorder, Conduct disorder, Hyperkinesis with developmental delays were 4.3% respectively. The so called Combined disorders such as Convulsive disorder with developmental delays or hyperkinesis, Hyperkinesis with developmental delays were 8.6%. 5) In the Age Distribution of main diagnostic categories Psychoses, Hyperkinesis, and Mental Retardations were evenly distributed in all age groups. However,9-12 age group was most commonly afflicted with neurotic anxiety disorders followed by 13-15 age group. The Convulsive disorders were frequent in the 9-15 years of age and Hyperkinesis and Conduct disorders were more prevalent in the 3-12 years of age as in Special Smptoms. 6) As far as the Treatment is concerned the outpatient treatment was the main therapeutic approaches which include pharmaco-therapy, counseling and education for parents, individual psychotherapy, and/or various combinations of them. The author feels that the diapgnosis and treatment of child psychiatric patients greatly depends on the consultation and liasion from/or with pediatric services and other related departments and we also need to work with para-professionals such as clinical psychologists, social workers, child psychologists, etc. to do so called team approaches which is sine qua non in terms of doing proper work in the field of child and adolescent psychiatry.
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陳聖太 大韓神經精神醫學會 1981 신경정신의학 Vol.20 No.2
Taekyo (fetal education) is a kind of education given during the fetal life, i.e., the prenatal period and it has been told and transmitted from generation to generation in Oriental societies (Korea, China and Japan) since old times. The author gathered literatures on Taekyo extensively, dividing them into two categories, i.e., the general literatures and the Oriental medical literatures and reviewed the contents of them. Attempts to study on Taekyo from various points of view were made; the review of history on prenatal influences and/or “maternal impressions”with reference to Taekyo, the comparison of both categories of literatures, the relations between Taekyo and folklores (both German & Korean), the meaning and the validity of Taekyo viewed from modern Western medicines and also from the aspect of modern Western medicines and also from the aspect of modern Western psychiatry. It was revealed that the pregnant woman in Oriental societies has been expected to educate her own child in his prenatal or fetal life as a parental duty for him since the ancient times. Similarly, in the West, there are known descriptions about the prenatal influences and/or“maternal impressions”in Old Testament and the writings of Hypocrites and the beliefs on “maternal impressions”had been transmitted up to the end of the nineteenth century at which time the scientific researches on “maternal impressions" were begun. However, no systematic or organized descriptions like Taekyo were found in the Western literatures. Taekyo can be defined as an education given to the child during prenatal period through attentions and precautions of a pregnant woman to her own behaviour and attitude of mind aiming at good influences on her child subsequently. The contents of Taekyo are 1) The pregnant woman must observe her own behaviour and perceptions maintaining the right conduct and the right perception, 2) The pregnant woman must behave, speak and think with courtesy, 3) In her own attitude of mind, i.e., mental and emotional attitudes, the pregnant woman must make all effort to purify her mind, to put her mind at rest and to control her mind maintaining the harmony, 4) The pregnant woman must make all effort to have her child identify the man of maturity and ideal, 5) Though the pregnant woman is the main person who gives education to her child, all the relatives in the house including husband are bound to participate in Taekyo. It appears that the main theoretical background of Taekyo is in accordance with the principles of Oriental philosophy and Oriental medicines which are based on the harmony and parallelism of mind and body as well as the holistic and the comprehensive view on man. In addition, the expressions of shamanistic way of thinking and magics are also recognized. With reference to folklores (Korean and German) related to the birth it seems that both folklores are similar in contents to considerable extent and they showed more shamanistic natures than that of Taekyo. Since the outset of scientific researches on “maternal impressions”at the end of the nineteenth century the mechanism and the validity of “maternal impressions" seem to have gradually been verifiable and Taekyo can also be validated accordingly. It appears that the practicing Taekyo can serve the promotion of mental health, the prevention of certain psychiatric disorders and also it can play a role of directive psychotherapy if properly done.
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