대중제 골프장 이용객의 안전사고 관련 권리와 의무에 관한 연구

이석동(Lee, Seok-Dong),전태준(Jeon, Tae-Joon) 한국사회체육학회 2017 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.67

Using public golf clubs in Korea means signing utilization contract by club users and club owner or club management company. In other words, rights and obligations for contractors follow to the all sides of contractors automatically. This is why the utilization contract is important to all contractors. The fact that negligent accidents are rarely analysed academically so far, is the prime need for assessing this research. The statistic data are required to define in the respect of Korean positive law for public golf club management and for the substantive realization guarantee of the user’s rights. With these reasons, the purposes of this study is to define the types of negligent accidents in public golf club in Korea with the view of Korean positive law. To accomplish the purpose of this research, statistic data were collected according to the types of negligent accidents on the cooperation of B public golf club. The research results are as follow; First, the public golf club users have the obligation for regulation observance regarding negligent accidents, risk aversion, basic knowledge acquisition of golf, rescue in emergency, positive law observance, compensations on damage claim and burden of proof. Secondly, the public golf users have the rights to request for notice regarding negligent accidents, renovation, risky facilities, rescue in emergency and claims for damages.

한ㆍ미 FTA 섬유류 협정에 따른 문제점과 대응방안

이석동(Suk-Dong Lee),이춘수(Chun-Su Lee) 한국무역학회 2015 貿易學會誌 Vol.40 No.2

골프장 운영자의 이용객 안전사고에 관한 의무와 권리에 관한 연구

이석동(Lee, Seok-Dong),전태준(Chon, Tae-Jun) 한국웰니스학회 2017 한국웰니스학회지 Vol.12 No.1

골프장내 이용객의 안전사고는 골프장 경영을 위협하는 가장 큰 위기 중 하나이다. 핵심은 관련된 문제에 대한 인과관계의 본질을 어떻게 이해하는가에 있다. 그 책임관계를 이해함에 있어서 현재 시점에서 가장 정확한 수단은 실정법의 적용과 해석이라 할 것이다. 본 연구는 첫 번째로 골프장 이용객의 안전사고에 관하여 골프장 사용자의 의무와 권리에 대하여 법률적으로 접근하여 정의하고, 해석하며, 두 번째로 이러한 정의를 바탕으로 하여 안전사고 발생에 관련하여 사용자의 측면에서 제언을 제안하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여 문헌고찰방법을 사용하였으며, 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 골프장 운영자는 법률적으로 소유자, 고용자, 사용자로 정의할 수 있다. 둘째, 골프장 운영자는 안전사고에 대하여 정보제공의무, 설명의무, 안전조치의무, 개인정보보호의무, 안전배려의무 그리고 손해배상책임을 갖는다. 셋째, 골프장 운영자는 안전사고와 관련하여 합의사항 준수 요청권, 구상권, 손해배상청구권을 갖는다. User’s negligent accident is a significant negative issue to the golf club business because negligent accident in golf country club could threat the golf business management. Point is that how to understand and discover the causalities and apply them. To understand the relationship, The most accurate measurement for the understanding, discovery and application is positive law of Korea in present. The purpose of this research was firstly to investigate the obligation and rights against the golf country club user’s negligent accidents with the view of Korean positive law and secondly proposed several suggestions regard users’ neglect accident in golf country club. To accomplish the purpose literature review method was used. The research results were as follow; First, the golf club business operator should be defined with user. Second, the golf club operators have the information provide duty, personal information protect duty, Safe Care duty and claims for damages. Third, the golf club operators have the request rights of agreements, right to indemnity and liability of damages.

골프장 캐디의 고객무례성, 정서성, 감정노동의 인과관계

이석동(Lee, Suk-Dong),전태준(Chun, Tae-Jun) 한국웰니스학회 2016 한국웰니스학회지 Vol.11 No.3

이 연구는 골프장 여성캐디의 고객 무례성, 정서성, 감정노동의 인과모형을 검증하는 데에 목적을 두고 있다. 연구 대상자는 골프장 여성캐디들을 모집단으로 선정하고, 목적표집법을 활용하여 총 443명의 자료를 분석하였다. 자료처리는 AMOS 20.0 프로그램을 사용하였고(α=.05), 구체적인 연구가설을 검증하기 위하여 측정모형과 구조모형을 적용하였다. 도출된 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 캐디의 고객 무례성은 긍정정서에 부적인 영향을, 부정정서에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 캐디의 고객 무례성은 표면행위에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 캐디의 긍정정서는 표면행위와 내면행위 모두에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 이를 통해 이 연구는 감정노동을 설명하는 원인변수를 검증하였고, 캐디의 정신건강과 골프 산업 전반 및 개인에게 도움을 줄 수 있는 기초자료를 제공했다는 특성을 지닌다. The purpose of this study was to verify the causal relationship among customer incivility, affectivity, emotional labor of female caddy. As population, female caddies were selected who worked in golf club of 2015, and purposive sampling was carried out n them. Data on 443 people were used for analysis. Hypothesis test on collected data was conducted by using AMOS 20.0 program (α = .05), in order to test the a subject for inquiry, the application of the measurement model and the structural model. Derived conclusions are as follows. First of all, customer incivility had a negative effect on the positive affectivity, and had a positive effect on the negative affectivity. Second, customer incivility had a positive effect on the surface acting. Third, positive affectivity had positive effects on the surface acting and deep acting. In this study, to determine the cause variables describing the emotional labor, it retains the characteristics that provide basic data that can help in the mental health and overall golf caddy industries and individuals.

골프장 여성캐디의 고객상호존중, 감정노동, 이직의도의 인과관계

이석동(Lee, Suk-Dong),전태준(Chun, Tae-Jun) 한국사회체육학회 2016 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.65

The purpose of this study was to verify the causal relationship among customer mutual respect, emotional labor, turnover intention of female caddy. Subjects were selected a female caddy as population, By utilizing the purpose sampling method was used to analyze the total 514 people data. Data processing, using the AMOS 20.0 program (α = .05), In order to test the hypothesis of a specific research, the application of the measurement model and the structural model. Derived conclusions are as follows. First of all, customer mutual respect had a positive effect on the deep acting. Second, customer mutual respect had a negative effect on the turn-over intention. Third, deep acting had a negative effect on the turnover intention. In this study to determine the cause and result variables describing the emotional labor, and to determine the causes that inhibit the degree of separation of female golf caddy. It retains the characteristics that provide basic data that can help in the mental health and overall golf caddy industries and individuals.

한ㆍ미 FTA 협정에 따른 교역성과에 관한 소고

이석동(Suk-Dong Lee),이춘수(Chun-Su Lee) 한국관세학회 2015 관세학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Textile industry, which once was a labor-intensive industry, is now developing into a high value-added industry. In particular, low-cost and low-quality textile industry has lost its competitiveness to challengers from developing countries and thus in order to secure competitiveness in exports to the markets in developed countries, it is imperative to maximize halo effect of free trade agreement(FTA) and to transform the industry into a high value-added industry. Since the ratification of Korea-US free trade agreement(FTA), textile industry was initially perceived to be one of the cardinal beneficiaries of the agreement. However, during the past 2 years since the agreement took effect, textile industry has not reaped much benefits of FTA in contrast to other industries in trade between two nations. Thus, in this study, expansion of free trade agreements in light of changes in international trade environment and status of Korean textile industry are first examined. Specifically, Korea’s textile export products that are covered under Korea-US FTA are investigated to identify problems. Lastly, to analyze the results of Korea-US trade under the FTA, tariff concessions, trade volumes, comparison of export figures with main competing nations and prior export performance to US market per industries are reviewed through extant literature. The purpose of this study is to provide practical and policy implications that can help textile industry under Korea-US FTA and to provide basic research source in helping related Korean firms to reach their export goals.

오징어 부산물의 급여가 한우암소 산육 및 도체특성에 미치는 영향

Sang Min Lee(이상민),Sun Sik Jang(장선식),Seok Dong Lee(이석동),Seong Koo Hong(홍성구),Sung Sill Lee(이성실),Jae Seok Woo(우제석) 한국생명과학회 2012 생명과학회지 Vol.22 No.1

본 연구는 한우 암소의 산육 및 도체특성에 있어 오징어 부산물의 급여 효과를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 한우 16두(나이 7세, 체중484.1±63.6 ㎏)를 대조구 및 처리구(오징어 부산물 첨가), 등 2그룹(각각 8두)으로 완전임의 배치하였다. 사료급여는 두 그룹 모두 자유채식토록 하여 150일간 시험을 수행하였다. 일당증체량은 처리구가대조구 보다 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 시험기간 내 사료섭취량 및 사료요구율은 처리구가 대조구 보다 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05). 육량특성에 있어서, 등지방두께, 등심단면적 및 육량지수는 두 처리구간 비슷한 경향을 나타내었고, 도체중은 처리구가 363.4 ㎏ 대조구 353.1 ㎏으로 처리구간 유의적 차이는 없었다. 육질특성에서는 육색, 지방색, 조직감 및 성숙도는 두 그룹간 유의적 차이가 없었다. 그러나 근내지방도 및 육질 1등급 이상 출현율은 대조구 보다 처리구가 높았다. 그러므로 본 연구의 결과 오징어부산물의 급여는 한우 암소의 산육 및 도체특성을 향상시키는 것으로 생각된다. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding squid by-products on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo cows. Sixteen Hanwoo cows, aged 7 years and weighing 484.1±63.6 ㎏, were randomly allocated to 2 feeding groups (8 animals per group): control and treatment (fed squid by-products). Both groups were fed ad libitum for 150d. Average daily gain was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (p<0.05). During the experimental period, DMI and feed conversion ratios were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group (p<0.05). The results of yield traits, back fat thickness, rib eye area, and yield index were similar between the two groups. Carcass weights were 363.4 ㎏ and 353.1 ㎏ for treatment and control, respectively, but these differences were not statistically significant. Quality traits such as meat color, fat color, texture, and maturity were also not significantly different between the two groups. However, marbling score and rate of appearance of high quality grade (1??, 1?, and 1) were higher in the treatment group than in the control group. These results suggest that feeding squid by-products may improve the growth performance and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo cows.

귀금속 HS제7114호의 교역량과 무역네트워크분석

이경민(Kyung-Min Lee),이석동(Suk-Dong Lee),이춘수(Chun-Su Lee) 한국관세학회 2016 관세학회지 Vol.17 No.4

On this study, Central density analysis showed the development potential and competitiveness, which implies a degree of centrality of trade connection, the fastest instantaneous adaptability harmonize with the international environment and in contrast to the central trade close, centrality through an intermediary represents the control of trade flows analyzed the influence of the central station and the neighboring countries. HS 7114 (gold jewelery, silver jewelery and its parts; made of precious metals or be limited to those made of metal clad with precious metal) export trade links about the centrality of the year was the increased due to influence of China in Singapore, Italy, Switzerland in 2003 and in 2014 to China, the United Arab Emirates, Italy. Import trade connection degree centrality was changed in 2003, Indonesia, Italy, China to Japan, Italy and China in 2014. Closeness centrality of export trade was found in Italy, Germany and the United States in 2003 and it turned to appear in France, Italy, Denmark in 2014. Income trading closeness centrality appeared in 2003 in Italy, the US, China, then in China, US, Italy, in 2014. Export trade centrality parameter was changed in 2003, the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom was changed in the United States, France, Denmark, in 2014. Imports mediated(Betweenness) trade centrality were in Italy, USA, Germany in 2003 until it changed in 2014 to the United States, Italy and France. China is located in the center of the worlds precious metals trading network, by maintaining a close trade relationship with many countries, and it was found that a it is very influential increased by maximizing the efficiency of the trade. A centrality degree of Precious Metals HS 7114 is lower than total trade volume of Korea. The governments support including tax cut is necessary because the jewelry industry has a potential for growth. This study will contribute to development chance of our jewelry industry.

Effects of Total Mixed Fermentations with Bean Curd Dregs on Growth Performance of Growing Hanwoo Heifers

우제석(Jae Seok Woo),장선식(Sun Sik Jang),임석기(Seok Ki Im),이석동(Seok Dong Lee),이명식(Myeung Sik Lee),박정용(Jung Yong Park),홍성구(Seong Koo Hong),이성실(Sung Sill Lee),이상민(Sang Min Lee) 한국생명과학회 2011 생명과학회지 Vol.21 No.10

본 연구는 비지박을 이용한 섬유질발효사료(TMF) 급여가 육성기 한우 암소의 증체, 사료섭취량 및 체형변화에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 6개월령 한우 암소 30두(평균체중125.9±12.0 kg)를 공시하여 3처리로 각각 10마리씩 완전 임의배치하여 6개월간 사양시험을 수행하였다. 처리구는 T1 (볏짚 자유급여와 배합사료(체중1.7%/일) 제한급여구), T2(TMF 자유 급여구) 및 T3 (TMF, 볏짚 자유급여와 배합사료(체중 1.0%/일) 제한급여구)로 수행하였다. 섬유질발효사료는 비지박 60%, 옥분 16.5%, 밀기울 10.4%, 볏짚 5%, 왕겨 7%, 요소 0.5%, 고토석회 0.5%, Lactic acid bacteria 0.1%를 첨가하여 제조하였다. 섬유질발효사료의 화학적 성분과 pH 값은 저장 0, 24, 48 및 72시간에 측정하였다. 비지박을 이용한 TMF의 저장기간에 따른 결과에서 건물, 조지방, 및 조섬유의 함량은 차이가 없었다. 저장 72시간에서 ADF 및 NDF함량은 0시간에서 보다 각각 9.52 및 3.15% 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). pH 또한 저장시간에 따라 점점 감소하였다. 체중, 사료섭취량 및 일당증체량은 TMF 급여구(T2, T3)에서 T1급여구 보다 높았다(p<0.05). 체형변화에 있어서도 T1처리구 보다 TMF 급여구가 높았다(p<0.05). 따라서 본 연구의 결과 비지박을 이용한 TMF 사료의 급여는 육성기 한우 암소의 발육을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. This study was conducted to determine the effects of total mixed fermentation (TMF) with bean curd dregs on body weight gain, feed intake and body size of growing Hanwoo heifers. Thirty Hanwoo heifers, 6 months of age and weighing 125.9±12.0 kg, were randomly allocated to 3 experimental groups of 10 animals each for a 6-month feeding trial. The groups were T1 (rice straw offered ad libitum with restricted (1.7% BW/day) concentrate), T2 (TMF only offered ad libitum) and T3 (TMF and rice straw offered ad libitum with restricted (1.0% BW/day) concentrate). TMF feeds were composed of 60% bean curd dregs, 16.5% corn meal, 10.4% wheat bran, 5% rice straw, 7% rice hulls, 0.5% urea matter, 0.5% magnesia lime and 0.1% lactic acid bacteria. The chemical composition and pH value of TMF feeds were measured at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hr after storage. In TMF with bean curd dregs, there were no differences in concentrations of DM, EE, and CF according to storage periouds. The ADF and NDF at 72 hr of storage time showed a significant decrease (9.52 and 3.15 %, respectively) compared to 0h of storage time (p<0.05). The value of pH was gradually decreased during the storage periods. Body weight gain, feed intake and average daily gain were higher in the TMF groups (T2, T3) compared to the T1 group (p<0.05). Changes in body size were also higher in the TMF groups compared to the T1 group (p<0.05). Thus, the present results indicate that TMF with bean curd dregs may help improve growth performance in growing Hanwoo heifers.

티모시 건초 급여 한우 씨수소 정소상체 정자의 수정 효과

강성식,김의형,이석동,이명숙,조상래,Kang, Sung-Sik,Kim, Ui-Hyung,Lee, Seok-Dong,Lee, Myeong-Suk,Cho, Sang-Rae 한국초지조사료학회 2018 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.38 No.4

본 연구는 티모시 건초와 농후 사료 위주의 사료를 급여한 한우 씨수소 정소상체 정자 체외수정 효율 조사를 통해 정자의 활용 가능성을 조사하였다. 농후 사료는 체중의 1.8%를 급여하고 양질의 티모시 건초를 자유채식 시킨 14개월령 거세우의 정소에서 분리된 정소상체 미부의 정자를 회수하고 동결 흉해 후 체외수정을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 웅성전핵과 자성전핵이 형성(2PN)된 난자는 정상수정으로, 1개의 전핵(1PN), Expanded Sperm Head (ESH), Polyspermy 형태는 비정상적인 수정의 형태로 평가하였다. 정상적으로 수정된 난자의 비율은 정소상체 정자의 경우 전체 침투율은 49.7% 그리고 정상적인 2PN을 가진 난자는 18.5%를 보였으며, 대조구 정자의 전체 침투율은 54.4%로서 정소상체 정자 보다 높은 결과를 보였으나 유의적인 차이를 보이지는 않았다. 정상적으로 2PN을 형성한 비율은 36.7%로서 정소상체 정자를 이용한 정자 보다 높았으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 체외수정 후 발달률 조사에서 정소상체 정자의 분할률은 81.2%, 대조구 정자는 82.7%로 유사한 결과를 보였으나, 배반포 발달률은 정소상체 정자 24.4%와 대조구 정자 12.2%로 정소상체 정자를 사용한 난자의 발달에서는 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). In this study, we examined effect of sperm penetration of oocytes after in vitro fertilization (IVF) with cauda epididymal spermatozoa in Hanwoo bull after feeding of timothy hay. One testicle with epididymides was castrated from one Hanwoo bull (14 months of age) and spermatozoa recovered from cauda epididymis and cryopreserved. As control, frozen Hanwoo semen was used. Matured cumulus oocyte complexes were co-incubated with frozen-thawed cauda epididymal spermatozoa for 12 or 18 hours. After IVF, presumptive zygotes were cultured in modified synthetic oviductal fluid. In experiment 1, we examined sperm penetration rate at 12 hours of IVF with epididymal sperm. Total penetration rate among cauda epididymis and control was similar(mean${\pm}$standard error, cauda epididymis and control vs. $49.7{\pm}11.3$ and $54.4{\pm}12.8%$). In experiment 2, cleavage and blastocyst developmental rate were evaluated at day 2 and day 8 after IVF for 18 hours. Cleavage rate among cauda epididymis and control was similar(cauda epididymis and control vs. $81.2{\pm}3.4$ and $82.7{\pm}2.5%$). However, blastocyst developmental rate of cauda epididymis group was significantly higher than that of control group(cauda epididymis and control vs. $24.4{\pm}1.6$ and $12.2{\pm}2.8%$, p<0.05). In conclusion, cauda epididymal spermatozoa in Hanwoo bull has high embryo developmental competence and can be used as an alternative to ejaculated frozen sperm in vitro.