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피코초 레이저를 이용한 Eagle Glass 절단 시 가공성 평가
이상균(Sang Kyun Lee),이영곤(Young Gon Lee),김재도(Jae Do Kim) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2013 한국정밀공학회지 Vol.30 No.4
In this paper, the characteristics of ablation processing of the eagle glass by pico-second laser are investigated. The laser ablation is used to process micro forms on materials. The ablation causes little thermal effect and little burr on the surface of eagle glass. In order to examine the characteristics of panic cracks, experiments are conducted under various cutting conditions such as a frequency of 600 kHz, laser powers, scan speeds and number of scan(NS). To minimize the panic cracks, the specimens are heated at 30℃, 45℃, and 60℃ for ten minutes respectively and then they are broken by hands. Laser powers, NS and scan speeds have an effect on glass cutting results. The ablation depths increase with an increase in the laser power and NS whereas the panic cracks decrease with an increase in scan speed. The high temperature on processed specimens reduces the panic cracks and makes good results of laser cutting. The optimal condition for eagle glass laser cutting is found to be at 30 W of laser power, 3 mm/s of scan speed and 500 of NS, respectively.
공기역학자료를 이용한 한국어와 영어 비음에 대한 음성학적 연구
이상도(Lee Sang-Do),김수정(Kim Soo-Jung) 새한영어영문학회 2007 새한영어영문학 Vol. No.
This study examines phonetic realizations of nasals in English and mainly in Korean by using nasal airflow data. Though processes related to nasal sounds are the most common phenomena in Korean, such as consonant nasalization, n-insertion, lateralization, initial denasalization, most of the previous research on nasals were conducted in terms of phonological approaches. Even in phonetic studies, data were mostly analyzed using spectrogram. Given the fact that nasals display vowel-like formants and those in themselves are coupled with vowels, this study takes an aerodynamic approach based on nasal flow trace data. Nasals in different environments and their influences on neighboring vowel sounds were investigated. First, in Korean nasal lengths in three different positions were compared. The experimental results show that word-final nasals are the longest and, among the nasals in onset positions, word initial nasals were shorter than word-medial ones. In comparing nasals in Korean with those in English, an astonishing fact was revealed. The vowel nasalization rates of anticipatory and carryover nasalization in English were opposite to those in Korean. Specifically, the vowel nasalization rates of anticipatory and carryover nasalization in English were 77% and 47%, respectively; 46% and 92% in Korean. Moreover, the vowel nasalization rate affected by word-initial nasals was reduced. In another word, vowels preceeded by nasals gets nasalized less word-initially.
이상도 ( Sang Do Lee ),정우섭 ( Woo Seop Jung ) 글로벌영어교육학회 2001 Studies in English education Vol.6 No.2
The growth of the Internet is bringing many changes to English education. There are many beneficial factors in teaching English through the Internet. The Internet allows students to use lots of information and resources with multiple sites networked. It can stimulate students` learning motivation and interest, and improve their problem solving ability. So, the Internet provides students and teachers with lots of opportunities in the field of English education. In using the Internet, there are also several disadvantages. First, students with a lack of computer skills might have technical problems. Second, English has become the main language of the Internet, so students with low reading and writing proficiency in English might find it difficult to be motivated in a class. Many researchers have proved that as we move into the 21st century, using the Internet is indispensable and become increasingly important in English education. Therefore, it is necessary that English teachers change their roles and attitudes in teaching English through the use of the Internet.
이상도(Sang Do Lee),유철규(Chul Gyu Yoo),한성구(Sung Koo Han),심영수(Young Soo Shim),김건열(Keun Youl Kim),한용철(Yong Chol Han),김영환(Young Whan Kim),조승열(Seung Yull Cho) 대한내과학회 1989 대한내과학회지 Vol.37 No.1
N/A Pulmonary paragonimiasis is a chronic lung disease caused by trematodes of the genus Paragonimus. It was highly endemic in Korea until the late 1960s; thereafter the prevalence has been markedly decreased. However, human paragonimiasis is still occurring and is one of the lung disease which needs differential diagnosis. This study was undertaken to renew our knowledge of the recent characteristics of pulmonary paragonimiasis in Korea by reviewing 76 patients diagnosed during the past 10 years (1979-1988) at Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH). The final diagnosis was based on either egg detection or positive serologic test by ELISA for Paragonimus-specific antibody (IgG) in serum. Chronic cough, blood-tinged sputum, dyspnea and chest pain are major presenting symptoms. In 6 patients, however, no subjective respiratory symptoms were shown; they were found during a routine chest X-ray examination. In half of all patients it took more than 6 months to obtain the correct diagnosis. The majority of previous misdiagnosis was pulmonary tuberculosis, but lung cancer, acute bronchitis, eosinophilic granuloma, etc were also suspected. When the results of egg detection and ELISA were compared, the sensitivity of the serologic test was 92%. The antibody titer by ELISA tended to return to its normal range in 6 months to 1 year after praziquantel treatment. This result warrants the differentiation of old cured paragonimiasis from the active disease which is frequently impossible by the intradermal test. Probably because we adopted ELISA results in the final diagnosis, pleural involvement constitutes a higher percentage (71%) in our series than in previous reports. It was found that paragonimiasis should be ruled out in patients with simultaneous bilateral hydropneumothorax. By praziquantel treatment, immediate improvement of the presenting symptoms was obtained in all but 4 patients in whom relapse reguired retreatment. Improvement in the findings on chest X-ray was delayed. The above results show that suspicion of paragonimiasis is very important for correct etiologic diagnosis as with other uncommon infectious diaeases which need specific chemotherapy.
도파민 길항제에 치료 불응성인 기능성 소화불량증 환자에서 시사프리드의 효과
이상인(Sang In Lee),서원태(Won Tae Seo),박인서(In Suh Park),이용찬(Yong Chan Lee),이동기(Dong Gi Lee),이광재(Kwang Jae Lee),김도영(Do Young Kim),신용운(Yong Woon Shin),김영수(Young Soo Kijm),김범수(Pum Soo Kim),김동기(Dong Kee Kim) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2000 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.6 No.2
N/A Background/Aims : Prokinetics are commonly used for the treatment of functional dyspesia, but their methods of action are different. First, we compared the efficacy and safety of the dopamine receptor antagonists, which were domperidone maleate and levosulpiride, in a 2 week treatment in functional dyspepsia, then investigated the efficacy and safety of cisapride tartrate in a 2 week treatment in those who were resistant to domperidone maleate or levosulpiride. Methods : One hundred Forty-nine patients, who were diagnosed with functional dyspepsia, were selected. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups, domperidone maleate (75) and levosupiride (74). Daily they took 30mg of domperidone maleate (DOM) or 75mg of levosulpiride (LEV) for 2 weeks. Then the subjects who didn't respond to these treatments took 30mg of cisapride tartrate for the following 2 weeks. Results : At week 0, the total symptom scores of the DOM group and LEV group were 8.01±2.57 and 8.14±2.65 respectively, which were not statistically different. At week 2, the total symptom scores of the DOM and LEV groups were significantly reduced to 4.28±3.30 and 4.85±3.53(p=0.0001). The efficacy rates of the DOM and LEV groups at week 2 were 50.8% vs. 44.1%. The rate of adverse events in the LEV groups was much higher than in the DOM group(17.7% vs. 8.0%). In addition the rate of change from normal to abnomal in prolactin level was markedly higher in the LEV than that of the DOM group(80.0% vs. 8.3%). After 2 weeks of treatment with cisapride tartrate, the total symptom score was significantly reduced to 3.77±2.49(p=0.0001), and the efficacy rate was 75.0%. The satisfaction of the resistant subjects in efficacy of cisapride compared with the previous treatment was 73.3%. The rate of adverse events of cisapride tartrate was 5.0%. Conclusions: Considering efficacy and safety of domperidone maleate and levosulpiride, domperidone maleate was the safer drug for the treatment of functional dyspepsia, and cisapride tartrate can be a useful drug in those patients who are resistant to dopamine antagonists like domperidone maleate and levosulpiride.