소득수준 대비 산재사망지수 비교를 통한 건설분야 산업재해 분석 및 저감대책

이규진,Yi, Kyoo-Jin 한국건설관리학회 2014 한국건설관리학회 논문집 Vol.15 No.4

소득수준이 높으면 이와 함께 사회 경제 문화적 기대수준도 함께 향상되는 것이 일반적이며, 산업안전에 대한 기대수준도 함께 높아질 것이다. 그러나 우리나라는 소득수준은 그동안 많이 향상되었으나, 산재사망률은 OECD국가 중 가장 높은 수준이며 산재사망이 지난 10여년간 전혀 줄어들고 있지 않고 있다. 본 연구는 우리나라의 소득수준 대비 산재사망률을 관련 국가들과 비교하고 그 차이점을 분석하여 근로자 중심의 산재예방 대책의 문제점을 파악하고 이에 대한 적절한 대책을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하여 진행되었으며, 이를 위해 소득반영 산재사망지수를 제시하였다. 그 결과 우리나라의 경우 비교국가 중에 그 수치가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 그 원인에 대한 분석의 일환으로 산업재해에 대한 법집행실적에 대한 비교를 한 결과 위반 사업주에 대한 법집행에 중점을 두는 영국의 경우와는 달리 우리나라의 법집행 실적은 상대적으로 낮은 편으로 나타나 건설공사의 안전성 향상을 위해서는 향후 법집행 강화의 필요한 것으로 나타났다. As the income level of a country gets improved, people's social, economic, and cultural expectation will grow at the same time. Although the income level of Korea has been remarkably improved, her work-related fatality rate is the highest among OECD countries. Moreover, the rate hasn't been reduced for more than 10 years. This study aims to provide appropriate measures for work-related fatality reduction by comparing the income levels and the work-related fatality rates of countries and by analysing the problems of our worker-oriented accident prevention policy. For the comparison of income level and work-related fatalities, this study suggests income-level incorporated fatality rate, and it turned out that the rate of Korea is the highest among the countries. In order to find out the causes of that result, this study has found that our law enforcement is much weaker than that of UK, which implicates more strict law enforcement policy is needed to improve our work-related safety.

작업공간과 자원의 여유시간 최소화를 통한 반복작업 공정계획기법

이규진,Yi Kyoo Jin 한국건설관리학회 2000 건설관리 : 한국건설관리학회 학회지 Vol.1 No.3

공간의 분할이 많은 건축공사에서는 반복적 특성으로 인해 공정계획상에 다수의 대안이 존재한다. 공사기간은 각 액티비티의 기간뿐 아니라 반복되는 액티비티의 배열방법에 의해서도 많은 영향을 받는다. 본 연구는 각 액티비티에 적정한 선행 액티비티를 할당함으로써 여유시간을 최소화하는 공정계획기법을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 진행되었다. Line of Balance 기법을 기본으로 하는 기존연구와는 달리 본 연구에서는 AON방식의 네트워크 기법을 기본으로 하여 공간과 자원의 두 축 사이에 액티비티를 배열하였다. 각 액티비티별로 자원과 공간의 양방향으로 가장 적절한 선행 액티비티를 검색하여 여유시간을 최소화한다. 본 연구에서 제시한 액티비티 배열방법을 공동주택공사 건설공사를 대상으로 적용한 결과, 액티비티 배열을 달리함에 따라서 다수의 대안이 존재함을 확인할 수 있었으며 그중 적정대안을 찾아낼 수 있었다. 본 기법은 공동주택공사와 같은 다수의 유사공간으로 구성된 건설공사의 공정 계획에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. In scheduling multi-unit projects, several alternatives can exist in network construction due to repetitiveness of their activities. Project duration is affected not only by the duration of each activity but also by the arrangement of repeating activities in such projects. This paper provides a network compression method that assigns predecessors to each activity to minimize its float time. Different to the previous efforts that utilized line of balance as the base scheduling-model, this research adopts precedence diagram arranged in two coordinates, the space axis and the resource one. This method seeks the most appropriate predecessors for each activity in each direction of the two coordinates for the purpose of minimizing the idle resource and space. This activity arrangement method was applied to a multi-unit apartment-construction project, to prove its capability of network compression. The result shows that the method successfully sought room for saving construction duration by changing the activity arrangement. The network compression method presented in this research can be utilized in multi-unit construction projects such as apartment complex projects.

건설공사 근로자의 현장내 이동작업시 발생하는 재해위험도

이규진,Yi Kyoo-Jin 한국건설관리학회 2005 건설관리 : 한국건설관리학회 학회지 Vol.6 No.3

건설현장에서 발생하는 재해의 상당부분은 근로자가 작업과관련하여 이동하는 과정에서 발생한다. 본 연구는 건설현장에서 근로자들이 이동하는 과정에서 발생한 재해의 예방과 저감을 위하여 최근 3년간의 중대재해보고서에서 근로자가 이동시 발생한 재해를 대상으로 하여 직종별로 어떠한 위험요인에 의해 재해가 발생했는지 분석하였다. 그 결과 직종과 위험상황에 따라 의미 있는 차이점이 있음이 파악되었으며, 결과적으로 각 직종별로 이동과정에서의 리스크의 강도가 다르다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 근로자들이 이동하는 과정에서 발생하는 재해를 줄이기 위해서는 이러한 직종별 리스크 특성을 고려하여 작업진도계획 및 안전계획을 수립하고 이를 관리과정에서 반영해야 할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서 제시된 결과는 건설현장 근로자과 안전관리자에게 이동작업시의 위험성을 이해하는데 도움을 주고 공사계획 및 관리에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. This study examines the occurrence of accidents when workers were travelling on construction sites and the differences in risk involved in each occupation. An analysis of 750 fatal accident reports found that in 138 cases, the fatality occurred when the workers were travelling on site. The 138 cases were then divided according to occupation and were then examined to determine how the workers in each occupation had been affected by various hazardous situations. There were significant differences in accident occurrence between the occupations and in the various hazardous situations. The results imply that the cultural aspect of each occupation leads to a substantial difference in the possibility of fatal injuries or death and that such differences in risk should be taken into account when planning the workers' movements on site. The findings of this study aim to help workers to understand the risks entailed when travelling on site and also to assist managers in the planning of workers, movements on construction sites.

공사유형별 건설수주액을 고려한 건설재해수준 평가기법

이규진,Yi, Kyoo-Jin 한국건축시공학회 2021 한국건축시공학회지 Vol.21 No.2

재해자수를 상시근로자수로 나눈 값이 재해율이다. 건설공사의 경우 공사실적과 노무비율을 기준으로 하여 상시근로자수를 추정하고 이를 이용하여 재해율을 산정하므로 재해율의 정확도가 낮아질 수 있다. 또한 현행 재해율 산정기준은 공사유형간의 특성을 반영하고 있지 않다. 본 연구는 공사종류별 특성을 고려한 재해율 보완방식을 제시하는 것으로 목적으로 진행하였으며, 지난 18년간의 공사실적 및 재해건수 통계자료를 바탕으로 상관분석과 선형회귀분석, 중회귀분석 등을 실시하여 공사유형과 재해유형간의 관계를 나타내는 회귀식을 도출하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 수식은 기존의 건설공사 재해율의 단점을 보완하여 재해의 증감 및 예년대비 재해율의 높고낮음을 판단하는 보조지표로서의 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다. The accident rate is obtained by dividing the number of accidents by the number of regular workers. In the case off construction work, however, the accident rates are not accurately figured out, because they use the approximate number of regular workers, which is estimated based on the amount of construction work and the labor ratio. In addition, the current accident rate estimation method does not reflect the characteristics of construction types, such as building, civil, plant, etc. This study is conducted with the aim of presenting a supplementary method of accident rate assessment that incorporates the characteristics of type of construction. For the purpose of this, correlation and regression analysis are executed to verify the relationships between number of accidents and the amount of construction contract, and several equations are derived which shows the relationship between the number of accidents by accident types and amount of constract by construction types. The result shows that the non-residential work amount and the number of accidents showed a proportional relationship, while the civil work amount and the number of accidents showed an inversely proportional relationship. The results of this research are expected to calibrate the construction accident rates and to be used as an auxiliary indicator to determine the trend of annual accident rates by comparing the values with usual years.

시스템 다이나믹스 기법을 활용한 건설자원 운반과 조립·설치작업에서의 온실가스 배출모형

이규진(Yi Kyoo-Jin) 대한건축학회 2012 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.28 No.4

According to the greenhouse reduction scheme of the government, construction sector targeted 7.1% reduction by 2020. Although this target is not higher than other industrial sectors, it is not easy to achieve the reduction target without radical advance in technology, which cannot be expected to happen soon, considering the conservative characteristics of construction industry. Although there have been not a few researches on greenhouse gas reduction, mostly of them focus on the issues related to energy saving matters during material production stage or maintenance stage, such as heating and insulation, and few deal with the issues directly related to the energy use in the construction site of buildings. Energy use and greenhouse gas emission in construction sites are mostly caused by equipments and machines for transportation and on-site assembly. This research regards the operation of equipments for transportation and on-site assembly of materials and related equipments as a system and provides a dynamic model adopting stock and flow concept which is frequently used in system dynamics modelling. The dynamic system model provided in this research can aid construction planners estimating the patterns of energy use and greenhouse gas emission as well as help selecting alternatives of plans.

시그모이드 함수를 이용한 EVMS에서의 S-curve 구현 및 현금 흐름 예측기법

이규진(Yi Kyoo-Jin) 대한건축학회 2010 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.26 No.6

EVMS is a theory that forecasts project cost and schedule and is based on the hypothesis that the productivity rate declines during early and late stages of the project life so that the cumulative cash flow curve forms s-curved shape. EVMS, although it can be utilized in the analysis of project cash flow, does not generate s-curve itself, which means the cash flow curves must be prepared using external methods. The purpose of study is to provide such methods that implement s-curve models. It adopts Sigmoid curve model and can be utilized in the forecasting of project cash flow as well as the estimation of EVMS indices. A simulation of project cash flow is presented to demonstrate the procedure of spotting adequate curves for specified cases.

災害危險度와 工程의 連繫에 의한 安全管理 事前計劃 모델

이규진(Yi Kyoo-Jin) 대한건축학회 2004 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.20 No.4

While numerous proactive planning techniques are being used in scheduling, sagety management tends to be reactive in construction process. In addition, safety requirements are often considered as one of the targets of curtail for the purpose of scheduling efficiency. This paper develops a proactive safety planning method that integrates hazard risk and work schedule in order to estamate possible hazards in the scheduling phase. This method incorporates statistical information of construction accidents into each activity of PERT/CPM charts and Gantt charts, using probability theories and mathematical matix operations. An implementation is presented for a prototypical network schedule to verify the validity of the approach taken in this paper. The results of this paper are expected to contribute to the harmonious management of schedule and safety, which eventually leads to reduce human tragedies and loss of properties.

다양한 학습곡선을 반영하는 시그모이드 함수 기반 진도관리 시뮬레이션 모델

이규진(Yi, Kyoo-Jin) 대한건축학회 2016 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.32 No.3

Sigmoid modeling method, one of the widely used learning curve modeling methods, has its limits in implementing construction project cash flows, because it generates learning curve with just one single complicated formula. Therefore it needs to be developed to cope with practical situations - where many factors affect the shape of learning curves. This study adopts system dynamics modeling method to simulate S-shaped learning curves. The simulation model was constructed to apply various factors in modeling learning curves. It introduced several factors such as initial d디ay variance, cost variance, target date, productivity variance and these factors enable the simulation model to apply various situations of construction projects, such as schedule delay, cost increase, lagging work speed. While conventional sigmoid curve modelling is difficult to reflect changes in the middle of the project, the proposed model allows variable adjustment any time of the project progression. Statistical evaluation showed that it is 955 confident that the simulated result of the proposed model matches conventional sigmoid curve. It can be used for finding appropriate daily productivity by comparing the learning curves of target duration and actual duration, and can also be helpful forecasting cash flow features for S-shaped learning curve model.

예산수급 불확실성하에서의 반복적 건설공사의 공사기간조정 기법

이규진(Yi Kyoo-Jin) 대한건축학회 2008 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.24 No.7

Construction projects require large amount of budget and their funding must be supplied at the most appropriate and suitable time if it is completed at the time planned. However, delayed funding often occurs, which hinders the projects to keep on schedule and previous scheduling techniques do not include those issues in the process of planning and control. This purpose of this research is to provide a scheduling technique for repetitive construction projects that enhances work continuity by effective allocating cost resource to each activity and by adequately adjusting the work schedule according to the limited supply of funding. Stochastic method is adopted in order to resolve the uncertainty of delay and simulated schedule is used for its verification. The proposed model is expected to contribute exact estimation of schedule delay due to delayed supply of funding.

종합원가계산서를 이용한 건설공사 계정과목별 비율 산출모델

이규진(Yi, Kyoo-Jin) 대한건축학회 2015 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.31 No.7

Previous researches related to the estimation of construction cost are mainly based on the cost of materials and direct labour, and researches on the relationship between material and other account items are not much. Due to the recent development of construction machinery, the trend is that the percentage of labour cost is decreasing. With this trend of labour cost reduction and the growing proportion of outsourcing cost, research on the relationship among cost account items is required to be renewed. This study conducts a regression analysis based on the process costing system between 1989 and 2013, and proposed a cost estimation model for general construction, civil construction, and building construction. A comparison of the actual values and model-estimated values proves the validity of the estimation model.