대장광상(大藏鑛床)의 지화학(地化學) 및 생성환경(生成環境) 연구(硏究)

신홍자,김문영,소칠섭,Shin, Hong-Ja,Kim, Moon-Young,So, Chil-Sup 대한자원환경지질학회 1987 자원환경지질 Vol.20 No.1

The Daejang mine is one of the representatives of Cu-Pb-Zn-(Ag) vein deposit related genetically to late Cretaceous granitoid in Korea. Sericite from an alteration halo of the mine yielded a K-Ar date of $95{\pm}3.5Ma$. Based on macrostructures of vein filling, three major mineralization stages (I, II and III) are distinguished by tectonic breaks. Major ore constituents are arsenopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena, boulangerite, with small amounts of Ag-bearing tetrahedrite, pyrargyrite, native bismuth, marcasite, siderite, ankerite, gudmundite and calcite. Characteristic feature of each mineralization stage and compositional variation of sphalerite and arsenopyrite are discussed in relation to the genetic environments. The FeS contents of sphalerites are 20.5~14.9 mole % in stage I, 17.9~11.9 mole % in stage IIA, 17.0~9.2 mole % in stage IIB, and 6.9~4.7 mole % in stage III. Their results are indicative of decreasing FeS contents during mineralization process in sphalerite coexisting with sulfur-rich sulfide assemblages, such as monoclinic pyrrhotite and pyrite, and is agreement with the conclusions shown by Scott and Kissin(1973). The composition of arsenopyrite decrease also in As content from stage I to stage III, and the compositional variation correlate with position of the associated minerals in the paragenesis. Temperature and pressure of the mineralization are determined as $250{\sim}430^{\circ}C$ and 4.0~0.3kb respectively, based on the chemistry of the minerals.

大藏鑛床의 地化學 및 生成環境 硏究

Hong Ja Shin(申虹子),Moon Young Kim(金炆榮),Chil Sup So(蘇七燮) 대한자원환경지질학회 1987 자원환경지질 Vol.20 No.1

The Daejang mine is one of the representatives of Cu-Pb-Zn-(Ag) vein deposit related genetically to late Cretaceous granitoid in Korea. Sericite from an alteration halo of the mine yielded a K-Ar date of 95±3.5Ma. Based on macrostructures of vein filling, three major mineralization stages(Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ) are distinguished by tectonic breaks. Major ore constituents are arsenopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena, boulangerite, with small amounts of Ag-bearing tetrahedrite, pyrargyrite, native bismuth, marcasite, siderite, ankerite, gudmundite and calcite. Characteristic feature of each mineralization stage and compositional variation of sphalerite and arsenopyrite are discussed in relation to the genetic environments. The FeS contents of sphalerites are 20.5~14.9 mole % in stage Ⅰ, 17.9~11.9 mole % in stage ⅡA, 17.0~9.2 mole % in stage ⅡB, and 6.9~4.7 mole % in stage Ⅲ. Their results are indicative of decreasing FeS contents during mineralization process in sphalerite coexisting with sulfur-rich sulfide assemblages, such as monoclinic pyrrhotite and pyrite, and is agreement with the conclusions shown by Scott and Kissin(1973). The composition of arsenopyrite decrease also in As content from stage Ⅰ to stage Ⅲ, and the compositional variation correlate with position of the associated minerals in the paragenesis. Temperature and pressure of the mineralization are determined as 250~430℃ and 4.0~0.3kb respectively, based on the chemistry of the minerals.

Petrological study on upper mantle xenoliths from Asan and Pyeongtaek area

신홍자(Hong-Ja Shin),길영우(Young-Woo Kil),진명식(Myung-Shik Jin),이석훈(Seok-Hoon Lee) 대한지질학회 2006 지질학회지 Vol.42 No.1

통영광산산(統營鑛山産) 섬아연석(閃亞鉛石)의 화학조성(化學組成)

김문영,신홍자,Kim, Moon Young,Shin, Hong Ja 대한자원환경지질학회 1989 자원환경지질 Vol.22 No.2

The Tongyoung deposits are epithermal gold and silver bearing quartz-rhodochrosite vein type deposits of late Cretaceous. They occurs in the andesite and tuff breccia member called Gyeongsang basin. Four mineralizations can be distinguished at the mine based on macrostructures. From earlist stage to lastest stage they are: stage I, base-metal quartz vein; stage II, rhodochrosite vein (IIA) and Pb-Zn vein (IIB); stage III, barren quartz vein; stage IV, calcite-ankeritic rhodochrosite veins. Gold and silver mineralizations occur predominantly in the stage I and IIB. Electrum is closely associated with galena, sphalerite and pyrite, and has chemical compositions of 50.98-64.05 atom % Ag. Sphalerite contains 2.09-5.05 mol % FeS and 0.34-2.01 mol % MnS in the stage I, and 2.01-3.41 mol % FeS and 0.21-2.80 mol % MnS in the stage IIB. The FeS and MnS contents are in general correlated, and shows a characteristic zonal arrangement of electrum. It reveals rhat FeS contents of sphalerite which precipitated before electrum, gradually decreases in a grain during its deposition ranging from about 3.3 to 2 mol %. It may be considered from the above data that an increase of $fs_2$ caused by the oxidation of ore forming fluid is more important that the decrease of temperature.

상은광산(常隱鑛山)의 Au-Ag 광맥(鑛脈)의 광물(鑛物) 공생(共生) 및 화학조성(化學組成)

김문영,신홍자,김종환,Kim, Moon Young,Shin, Hong Ja,Kim, Jong Hwan 대한자원환경지질학회 1991 자원환경지질 Vol.24 No.4

The Sangeun ore deposit is located in a volcanic belt within the Gyeongsang Basin in south western Korea. The ore deposit is of representative epithermal Au-Ag quartz vein type developed in lapilli tuff. This paper presents the mineralization with special emphasis on mineral zoning of the deposits. Principal points are summarized as follows: (1) Four stages of mineralization are recognized based on macrostructures. From ealier to later they are stage I(arsenopyrite-pyrite-quartz), stage II(Au-Ag bearing Pb-Zn-quartz), stage III(barren quartz), and stage IV(dickite-quartz). (2) Electrum principally occurs with arsenopyrite and galena in stage II, and has chemical compositions of 72.9-67.1 Ag atom %, and has Ag/Au ratio of 2.69-2.04. (3) Sphalerite varies in its FeS content according to the mineralization stages; 22.03-18.60 mole % FeS and 1.33-0.23 mole % MnS in stage IB, 16.11-8.64 mole % FeS and 1.33-0.23 mole % MnS in stage II. (4) Alteration zones of mineral assemblage, from the vein to the wall-rock, consist of sericite - quartz - pyrite, sericite - quartz - dickite, sericite - chlorite plagioclase respectively.

천연산 자류철석의 (磁硫鐵石) 화학조성 및 열적성질

김문영,신홍자 ( Moon Young Kim,Hong Ja Shin ) 한국광물학회 1990 광물과 암석 (J.Miner.Soc.Korea) Vol.3 No.2

지질박물관 중생대 해양파충류 전시부스 개편 기획과 전시아이템의 복합적 활용

이항재(Hang-jae Lee),신홍자(Hong-Ja Shin),권석기(Seok-Ki Kwon) 한국고생물학회 2006 고생물학회지 Vol.22 No.2

지질박물관의 중생대 해양파충류 전시부스에 대한 개편작업에서 기존의 나열식 전시로부터 탈피해 디오라마 구성을 고려한 표본의 선별과 전시구성이 이루어졌으며, 동시에 전시표본의 하나인 모사사우루스류 (Platecarpus coryphaeus)골격표본의 연구와 복합적 활용을 위해 복제표본 제작과 골격분리작업이 진행중이다. An old 'Mesozoic Marine Reptiles' booth in the Geological Museum, KIGAM has been renovated with new specimens by a new method. During the renovation, the replication, preparation and research were made for a new specimen, Platecarpus coryphaeus (mosasaur) at the same time for multiple utilization of the material.

페루의 석유가스 자원 개발 동향 및 제도 분석

김영우,박명호,이성훈,신홍자,Kim, Young-Woo,Park, Myong-Ho,Lee, Seong-Hun,Shin, Hong-Ja 대한자원환경지질학회 2008 자원환경지질 Vol.41 No.5

페루는 안데스산맥에 위치하는 태평양연안 국가로서 석유 자급이 불가능한 산유국임에도 불구하고 남미의 어느 국가에서도 찾아보기 힘든 좋은 투자 환경을 조성하여 외국 석유회사들의 투자를 유치하고 있다. 특히 외국 석유회사들이 페루 석유산업에 대거 투자할 수 있는 여건을 만들기 위하여 낮은 로열티, 세금 감면, 호의적 광권계약 조건 등과 같은 투자 환경을 만들었다. 유가의 급등으로 인하여 미개발 지역인 아마존 정글 지역의 1-AB광구나, 까미세아 가스전과 같은 성공적인 유전들이 불과 몇 년 사이에 개발, 생산되고 있으며, 우리나라 자원외교 전략과 부합되게 최근 여러 개의 페루 광구들에 대한 탐사, 개발, 생산에 우리나라의 석유회사들이 참여하게 되었다. 이 시기의 다른 남미국가들에 비하여 페루에 우리의 석유산업 투자가 보다 많아질 것으로 기대된다. Peru is located on Andean Range and faced Pacific Ocean and one of the important oil and gas production countries in the South America. Peru's oil business have been invested by foreign oil companies due to the good investment environment, even though the Peru could not be self-sufficiency in oil. Increase in oil price of the world has contributed to the oil and gas developments and productions in the last few years in many oil and gas blocks, such as in the 1-AB blocks and Camisea gas field within the Amazon jungles. Korean oil companies also have obtained several oil and gas blocks in the Peru in last few year, corresponding with the resources diplomacy of Korean government. Investment is strongly expected to be increased in the Peru's oil business due to positive investment environment, such as low royalty rate, tax avoidance, and the favourable terms of the contract to foreign companies etc.

제주도 선흘리 일대에 분포하는 맨틀포획암 내의 광물의 지화학적 특성 연구

길영우 ( Young Woo Kil ),신홍자 ( Hong Ja Shin ),윤성효 ( Sung Hyo Yun ),고정선 ( Jeong Seon Koh ),안웅산 ( Ung San Ahn ) 한국광물학회 2008 광물과 암석 (J.Miner.Soc.Korea) Vol.21 No.4

제주도 동북사면에서 발견된 선흘리 스피넬 페리도타이트 맨틀포획암의 지화학적 특성은 처음 보고 되는 것으로 제 4기 제주도 동북사면 하부에 위치한 상부맨틀의 화학 조성, 평형 온도, 마그마 정체 시간에 관한 일련의 정보를 제공하여 준다. 감람석(Fo89-90)을 포함한 스피넬 페리도타이트 내 구성광물들의 화학 조성은 일정하며 광물 중심부와 연변부의 화학 조성 차이 또한 크지 않다. 사방휘석-단사휘석 지온계를 이용하여 얻은 평형 온도 범위(약 951∼1035℃)는 기존 제주도 다른 지역에서 산출되는 맨틀포획암에서 얻어진 온도 범위와 유사하다. 스피넬 페리도타이트가 모마그마에 포획되어 정체된 시간은 확산방정식과 감람석 내 칼슘 농도 변화를 이용하여 계산하여 본 결과 약 42일이다. First reported geochemical characteristics of mantle xneoliths (spinel peridotites) from Sunheul-ri, Jeju Island, provide important clues for understanding the lithosphere composition, equilibrium temperature, and the period of entrainment and transport of the xenoliths in the host magma. Core and rim of mineral phases in the xenoliths are constant chemical compositions as Fo89-90 of olivines. The ranges of equilibrium temperature, obtained by two pyroxenes geothermometer, are about 951~1035℃ for Sunheul-ri spinel peridotite xenoliths and are similar to the range of equilibrium temperatures for the xenoliths from other sites in Jeju island. The period of entrainment and transport of the xenoliths in the host magma of Sunheul-ri mantle xenoliths is about 42 days.

아제르바이잔 석유가스 자원부존 및 개발 동향 분석

길영우,박명호,이성훈,신홍자,Kil, Young-Woo,Park, Myong-Ho,Lee, Seong-Hun,Shin, Hong-Ja 대한자원환경지질학회 2008 자원환경지질 Vol.41 No.5

카스피해에 인접한 아제르바이잔은 200여 년 전부터 석유개발을 시작하여 20세기 초에는 세계 석유의 50%를 생산하는 석유자원의 부국이 되었으며 소련 연방에서 분리 독립한 1991년 이후 카스피해 해상광구에 대하여 우리나라를 포함한 외국기업투자가 많이 이루어지고 있는 나라이다. 아제르바이잔 하류부문 석유산업은 상류부문에 비하여 낙후되어 있으나, 아제르바이잔에서 시작되는 BTC, SCP, NERP 및 WREP와 같은 파이프라인은 카스피해 석유 및 가스를 서방세계에 전달하는 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 아제르바이잔 육상광구는 생산활동이 상당부문 이루어진 성숙유전들이다. 최근 유가의 급등으로 인하여 경제성이 높아진 해상 심해 광구는 탐사의 성공 잠재성은 있으나 위험부담율이 커서 신중한 투자가 필요하다. Azerbaijan, located on western part of Caspian Sea, has been developed oil and gas exploration and production business from about 200 years ago and once charged of 50% of world oil production in the early 20th century. After Azerbaijan was independent of Soviet Union in 1991, foreign oil companies, including Korean oil companies, have been investing in Azerbaijan oil business on offshore blocks. Productive capacity of downstream in the Azerbaijan is lower than productive capacity of upstream, whereas there are important pipelines, such as BTC, SCP, NREP, and WREP, provide opportunities of the oil and gas exporting to the world. Oil fields in onshore blocks in the Azerbaijan are almost mature oil fields, caused by high recovery rate. Offshore oil blocks are still high potential in oil exploration with high risk.