일본의 도시재생정책에 있어서 관민파트너쉽에 대한 분석

박혁서(Park, Hyeok-Seo) 한국주거환경학회 2009 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.7 No.2

This study highlights Osaka prefecture's inner area regeneration policy which has been pursued as a part of the urban regeneration policies in metropolitan areas and analyzes how public-private partnership induces cooperation between both sectors and serves to facilitate their pursuit for urban regeneration in view of policies. The research outcomes reveal: first, to smoothly seek an urban regeneration policy in a metropolitan area, they avoided unilateral pursuit of projects by the public but established public-private partnership so as to build consensus and cooperation among stakeholders. In case of the inner area regeneration in Osaka prefecture, public-private partnership was established at all stages of the project to promote further development of the project; Second, it is also found that the public sector helped the private sector to carry out the project without a problem and supported them in various aspects to ensure the private sector made reasonable decisions; Third, the urban regeneration policies were organically linked between the central and local governments and it in turns allowed a supporting system between different layers of the governments. Based on the findings, the study suggests policy implications of the public-private partnership for urban regeneration in a metropolitan area.

초고령사회의 고령임차인 주거문제와 일본의 주택세이프티넷제도에 관한 연구

박혁서(Park, Hyeok Seo) 한국주거환경학회 2020 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.18 No.1

This research offers an analysis of the housing issues for Japanese aged lessees in the era of a super-aged society and the performance of the housing safety net system that was put in place to deal with such issues. This analysis is expected to have profound implications on the housing policy for the aged lessees in Korea that will need to be implemented in the era of the super-aged society that will come about by 2026. The analysis of this study resulted in the following conclusions. Firstly, the housing issue for the aged in the era of a super-aged society is greatly different from that in the aged society preceding the super-aged one. As most of the rental housing is occupied by the aged lessees, they been unwelcomed in the rental housing market. The main reasons for this include such problems as solitary death, failure to pay the rent and the debt-guarantee fee for the rent, all of which are linked to issues likely to occur in relation to the aged. Secondly, effectively dealing with the issues requires more than the efforts of a local government that is usually faced with tight financial constraints. This is where a subsidy by the central government is needed, and the central government has to offer a guideline on the housing safety net for the aged lessees and help local governments to make appropriate policy decisions in consideration of the rental housing market in a particular area. Thirdly, the lessors, as well as the lessees, should be supported to establish a housing safety net for the aged. To this end, it is important to promote public-private partnerships and private organizations such as housing support councils and a corporate body for housing support. Fourthly, the analysis highlighted the importance of a flexible housing safety net for the aged that is operated by the local government. In short, it is necessary to understand and approach the housing safety net issue in terms of a local rental housing market. Finally, it is thus crucial to set up online information systems which will help the aged to search for proper rental housing and enable them to make an application for moving in, as they find it physically challenging to move around in search of suitable accommodation.

일본의 지역플랫폼 형성을 통한 민간투자사업 활성화와 공공시설정비 사례연구

박혁서,Park, Hyeok-Seo 한국융합학회 2020 한국융합학회논문지 Vol.11 No.9

본 연구의 목적은 저출산·고령화로 인해 지방재정부담이 급증하는 가운데 공공시설정비를 위한 민간투자사업을 활성화하기 위한 방안을 분석하는데 있다. 이를 위해 일본의 지역플랫폼 형성을 통한 민간투자사업 활성화와 나라시노시의 공공시설정비사례를 연구대상으로 하였다. 연구방법은 일본의 지역플랫폼 관련 제도와 정책 그리고 나라시노시의 공공시설정비사례에 대한 정부와 지방자치단체의 문헌과 통계자료 등을 수집해 분석하였다. 그 결과, 지역플랫폼을 통해 지방자치단체와 지역 내 산·관·학·금분야의 참여자 간에 사업노하우와 사업경험을 공유 및 습득하게 해 지방자치단체와 지역 내 참여자의 전문성과 사업역량을 향상시키고 있는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 지역플랫폼을 통해 안건을 파악해 사업화하고 사업실현가능성을 사전에 논의함으로써 민간투자사업을 활성화하고 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. The purpose of this study is to analyze measures to promote a private finance initiative aimed at public facility regeneration in the midst of sharp increase in local financial burden due to the low birthrate and rapidly aging population. In particular, the study looked at the case of promoting a private finance initiative through a local platform aimed at public facility regeneration in Narashino, Japan. The study is based on the relevant systems and policies, and government documents and statistical data on the Narashino case. The results show that the local platform helps the local government and participants share business expertise and experiences, leading to improvements in their expertise and business capability. The local platform allows them to identify and discuss potential business ideas in advance, which in turn encourages private investment business.

일본의 지역관리제도와 민간조직의 지역관리활동에 관한 연구

박혁서(Park, Hyeok-Seo) 한국주거환경학회 2015 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.13 No.4

This study analyzes the area management systems and management activities of private organizations in Japan. The area management activites in Japan have been organized voluntarily in the private sector for long. However, without management systems, it has been difficult to maintain these activities continuously, and it has also been difficult to secure financial resources. Due to these limitations, there have been attempts to implement area management systems in Japan since late 1990s. Among them are the TMO system and the Area Management System in the City of Osaka. The former was established in 1998 and abolished in 2006; the latter was implemented in the City of Osaka in 2014. The two are similar in that management activities are run by the private sector, but they are clearly distinguished in terms of participants and financing. This study analyzes how these differences are related to the outcomes of the area management activities. We conclude that property owners must take part in the management activites and that in order to secure stable financial resources, it is crucial to maintain profit-making business as well as imposing management fees, rather than overly relying on government subsidies.

일본의 콤팩트 도시 구축을 통한 지방도시재생에 관한 연구

박혁서(Park, Hyeok-Seo) 한국주거환경학회 2018 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.16 No.2

This study analyzes urban regeneration of local cities through the establishment of compact city in Japan The population of most local cities in Japan has been decreasing due to low fertility and aging, which has caused a so-called “hallowing out” phenomenon in the central area of cities as well as urban economic recession. In addition, administrative costs per resident and maintenance costs of the infrastructure have increased due to a population decline in urban outskirt areas, where such costs used to be externalized in the past when a city was undergoing development. In order to solve the problem of declining local cities, the Special Act on Urban Regeneration was revised in 2014. The implementation of this Act institutionalized urban regeneration of local cities through the establishment of a compact city. This study undertook a comparative analysis of urban regeneration through the establishment of a centralized compact city in Aomori and the establishment of a network type multi-core compact city in Toyama. which were implemented in Japan. As a result, the following conclusions were obtained. First of all, in the case of urban regeneration in local cities through the establishment of a centralized compact city, the central area of the city is activated by attracting large-scale commercial facilities to the central area of the city. However, due to the population size in local cities and high land value of the central city area, it is difficult to attract private capital that can lead to the development of large-scale commercial facilities. Secondly, in order to develop large-scale commercial facilities in such cases, the local government often cooperate with the private sector in the form of the third sector, which can cause a large increase in the financial burden. Thirdly, it was concluded that reintegrating the population to the central area of the city is not much effective, unless the housing cost burden in the central city area and basis of the livelihood are not taken into consideration. On the other hand, the network type multi-core compact city, distributes major facilities and population in several major local areas as well as the central city area, which can take into account the present circumstances of the local city without forcefully integrating existing urban structures into one central city area. Secondly, if a traffic network is formed between the central city and major local cole area by utilizing public transportation, it will increase the floating population and vitalize central city areas as well as major multi-cores. Thirdly, it was concluded that network type multi-core compact cities can be developed faster than centralized compact cities because the former utilizes existing major multi-cores rather than integrating the existing facilities into the central city areas.

일본의 전통가옥지구 보존정책과 정부 간 협력에 관한 연구

박혁서(Hyeok-Seo Park) 서울연구원 2009 서울도시연구 Vol.10 No.3

저소득가구를 위한 주택임대료지원정책에 관한 연구

박혁서(Park, Hyeok-Seo) 한국주거환경학회 2013 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.11 No.3

This study conducted a comparative analysis of the rent-support policies for low-income households in Korea and Japan. The study focused on the housing benefit system in Korea and the housing assistance system in Japan to carry out a comparative analysis. Both systems are the major rent-support systems for low-income households in Korea and Japan and have the characteristics of a public assistance system. Since 2008, Korea's residential rent market has experienced skyrocketing prices for both housing lease on a deposit basis as well as monthly rents, thereby imposing a heavy burden on low-income households in terms of housing expenses. Thus, rent-support policies have become a quintessential policy challenge in terms of ensuring basic residential supports for them. Against this backdrop, as Korea's National Basic Livelihood Security Act is set to be revised in 2014, the housing benefit system that has been offered based on this Act is subject to significant revision. The key changes include the expansion of the eligible household for the benefits and the modification of application criteria, among others. Thanks to the revision, a household that did not fall into the category of the basic households for national basic livelihood security in accordance with the National Basic Livelihood Security Act will be able to receive housing benefits. This means that the housing benefit system goes beyond the boundary of the national basic livelihood security system and is expanded further. While this expands the eligible recipients of the system, it also has a possibility of reducing the effectiveness of the support by sharing limited budgets among too many recipients. As for Japan, its housing assistance system, which is implemented as a part of the national basic livelihood security system, limits the target to the lowest income households. Instead, the Japanese government fully reflects market rents to ensure feasible and effective rent support making up for this limitation. The study presents an ideal direction for Korea's housing benefit policy through the comparative analysis between both countries'systems and policies.

주택재개발사업에 있어서 공공의 역할에 대한 연구

박혁서(Park, Hyeok-Seo) 한국주거환경학회 2010 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.8 No.2

This study analyzes the role of public authorities in relation to housing redevelopment projects. To do so, it carried out a comparative analysis between Korea’s public management system and Japan’s partnership system with a view to suggest the role of public and the direction in which public management system should orient itself. This study confirmed that while the role of the public in Korea’s housing redevelopment system so far has revolved around the establishment of plans and approvals, it is switching into a different form that supports housing redevelopment associations with the introduction of the public management system. However, the role of public authorities in support of housing redevelopment projects focuses on securing fairness and preventing illegality and does not assist residents to take part in the public-guided redevelopment plans or coordinate conflicting interests and opinions among the interested parties. On the other hand, the study found that the Japanese urban renewal project emphasizes the role of public authorities in assisting residents to reflect their opinions in urban renewal project and induces mutual agreement between interested parties prior to the launch of a fully-fledged project based on the partnerships. It is easy to note that the role of public sector found in such partnerships works as a propellant in the smooth adoption and implementation of urban renewal project. Based on the aforementioned comparative analysis, the study concluded that the role of public authorities is to support the private authorities to enhance its efficiency regarding housing redevelopment projects. To do so, the study suggests development of a public management system to help reinforce cooperative functions between local governments and residents so as to ensure that the local governments can accommodate residents’ ideas and opinions and play a role in mediating between different stances taken by stakeholders.

일본 주택재개발사업의 재원분석 - 시가지개발사업과 주택지구개량사업을 중심으로

박혁서(Park Hyeok-Seo) 한국주거환경학회 2005 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.3 No.1

  In this thesis, the urban redevelopment project and the housing improvement project in Japan are analyzed in the side of the project funds. The urban redevelopment project aims at the harmonious redevelopment of the business area and the residence zone in the urban district, and the housing improvement project aims at the redevelopment of residence zone. The urban redevelopment project is being performed by both the public grant from the government and the private capital. However, even though the project takes on a public character, most of the project is showing a tendency to center on only the redevelopment for business use of popular areas, such as railway station area, etc. Also, there is a tendency to be greatly influenced by the fluctuations of the real estate market. On the other hand, for the housing improvement project, which is performed by the public grant of the government in full, the public grant is also changing under the influence of the real estate market. And the problem due to the competition for securing budget among business proprietors is arising. In relation to the tendency, this thesis has examined closely through the analysis of the project funds that there is the mutual relation between public grant and real estate business, and that it influences the urban environment. It has concluded that reconsidering the guidance of the government as well as the efficiency of the role allotment of the private sector for the housing redevelopment project. in which the public grant is supported, is necessary.

빅데이터에 기반한 건강도시 구축을 위한 도시환경의 건강친화도 분석

길혜민(Kil, Hye-Min),박혁서(Park, Hyeok-Seo) 한국주거환경학회 2018 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.16 No.2

This study presents implications for building healthy cities through the analyses of the indices to healthy city evaluation and healthy affinity targeting Gyeonggi-do. First of all, the analysis of the health affinity of Gyeonggi-do reveals a close relation between the health promotions of the citizens and the urban environment, based on correlation analyses. The correlation analysis between urban environment variables and health indices shows that 25 out of 54 variables, selected from 2010 to 2015, had a significant correlation with the health indices with a correlation coefficient of ± 0.5 or more. Secondly, as for which urban environment variables have significant correlations with health indices depending on city health levels (upper, middle and lower), it was verified that the variables with positive correlation and variables with negative correlation were different in upper and lower cities, in the areas of physical environment and citizen health. Thirdly, the results of correlation analyses and cluster analyses verify that urban environment variables health indices mutually influence eacht other. Also, the results of regression analysis confirm that urban environment variables affect health indices and that health indices can be predicted from urban environment changes. Fourthly, the multidimensional scaling analysis shows that in cities with a low health index, there are variables among urban environmental variables that influence health indices negatively.