수식에서 연령대별 선호도 연구

박순혁,박동재,Park Soonhyuck,Mark D. Park 부경대학교 인문사회과학연구소 2015 인문사회과학연구 Vol.16 No.2

언어는 일상에서 중요하고 복잡한 일생의 능력이다. 언어가 노화의 제약을 받는 만큼 인지노화가 언어에 미치는 영향을 밝히기 위한 많은 노력이 있었다, 그러나 대부분의 연구는 일시적 기간과 제한적 대상에 국한되어 있으며 기억력에 의존하는 어휘추출과 음성발화를 중심으로 진행된 반면에 그 상위의 언어단위 정보처리에 해당하는 통사 및 의미정보 처리에 대한 연구는 상대적으로 많지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구는 특정 문형에 나타나는 수식의 선호도를 연령대별로 실험하여 노화가 통사(어순)영역과 의미(수식)영역에 어떠한 변화를 유발하는지 살펴보았다. 그 결과 의미단 위의 정보처리 변화는 전반적인 인지노화의 심화에도 불구하고, 통사단위의 그것보다 비교적 늦게까지 유지된다는 증거를 제시한다. 이러한 결과는 인지노화와 관련되는 언어영역별 노화가 순차적이고 각기 다른 방식으로 전개된다는 것을 의미하며, 더 나아가 고령의 성인에게 나타나는 언어정보 처리에서 신경조직 연결망의 보상 활성화 현상에 관한 최근연구들과도 일치함을 밝힌다. Language is a crucial and complex lifelong capacity that is constrained by cognitive aging. Aging is thus regarded to be associated with poor performance particularly in the receptive and expressive language abilities. There are, however, some recent proposals that normal aging impairs specific aspects of language production, while most comprehension abilities remain stable as we age. This paper investigates how cognitive aging affects language performance, focusing on syntactic and semantic processing. Based on the experiments of structure choice and modification, it finds that the semantic processing is rather preserved longer with age than the syntactic processing. This finding is consistent with and supported by the recent research on the stronger neural connectivity to linguistic demands with older adults.

어순에 대한 범언어적 변이 연구

박순혁(Park, Soonhyuck) 새한영어영문학회 2012 새한영어영문학 Vol.54 No.2

Head noun animacy has been assumed to have an effect on relative clause structure choices in languages regardless of their basic word order. Speakers of English (SVO) and Japanese (SOV) produce almost exclusively passive relative clauses with animate head nouns. A closer investigation of the animacy effect, however, shows that the production choice between the active and the passive sentence significantly varies, depending on the predicate type in the utterance. In Korean, for example, the portion of passive relative clauses with animate head nouns ranges from 13.0% (입다 "wear") to 80.4% (체포하다 "arrest"). One possible hypothesis of this difference is that the preference in the production choice can be accounted for in terms of statistical learning, such that the frequency of the given predicate can have an effect on comprehension as well as production in language processing. To show this, this research conducted two experiments that are designed to measure the online response time in comprehension and to investigate the preference in production choice. Based on the PDC approach, this paper claims that animacy does not have the same effect on all speakers; the structure choice is relative claises with the animate head noun depends on the statistical learning in the sense that the frequency of a certain form of the predicate plays a role in determing the production choice.

QR에 대한 재고찰

박순혁(Soonhyuck Park) 한국영미어문학회 2011 영미어문학 Vol.- No.101

In mid 1990s, Hornstein challenged the traditional view of QR as a type of A’-movement, arguing that it should be treated as a type of A-movement. Since then, a number of counter-arguments have been reported and its debate is still on in the literature. This study aims at formulating QR from a different angle, such that it examines and compares QR with other types of movements, including the A/A’-movement and LF raising in regard to the coordination structures constraint(CSC) and ATB effects. What we found is that QR is more likely to be similar to A-movement in that both QR and A-movement employs the resumptive pronoun strategy to obviate the CSC, whereas A’-movement obviates the ATB movement strategy. Even though this finding does not necessarily mean that QR is a type of A-movement, it at least differs from standard A’-movement. The patterning together of QR and A-movement poses an interesting issue and remains to be ascertained.

On Feature Movement Constraint

Soonhyuck Park(박순혁) 새한영어영문학회 1998 새한영어영문학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.1998 No.10

접합부에서의 주변자리

박순혁(Soonhyuck Park) 현대문법학회 2002 현대문법연구 Vol.29 No.-

Displacement to the peripheral position has received special attention particularly in the recent analysis of Minimalist Program. Given that uninterpretable features can have their values assigned remotely by their corresponding interpretable features by way of Agree, displacement needs some independent explanation to its occurrence. In this paper, we analyze displacement into four types―Object Shift, wh-Movement, TH/EX, and Scrambling―depending on whether or not (i) the operation triggers any significant semantic effects at the (first) phase, [spec, v], and (ii) it undergoes further movement. By doing so, scrambling is defined as an operation that occurs in narrow syntax by EPP at v, and subsequently in the phonological component. This analysis can not only accommodate both the pure phonological and syntactic properties, by excluding the unnecessary reconstruction process in scrambling, but generalize the overall pattern of displacement in natural languages.

통사적 복잡성 가설의 반례

박순혁(Soonhyuck Park) 한국영미어문학회 2007 영미어문학 Vol.- No.85

  The role of syntax is to expand utterances by combining them via recursive mechanisms or to shorten outputs by deleting redundant elements. But, if our goal is to be understood, we should use the simplest syntactic arrangement possible, keeping our utterances easy and short. It might be that the more we elaborate on a sentence, the longer and more complicated it gets. When this happens, the more there is for us to hold in short-term memory, such that more complexity is meant to incur greater comprehensibility. Interestingly, however, a wider variety of structures under test show that there is no simple correlation between syntactic complexity and parsing difficulty. In this paper, we examine two syntactic processes, VP deletion and scrambling, to see how one is related to the other in parsing. Given the syntactic complexity hypothesis, it is expected that the reading time will be the longest when a sentence implemented both processes. Our experiment, however, shows that the reading time declines sharply when scrambling is added to VP deletion. This indicates that parsing is not directly related to the degree of complexity, but possibly to the types of transformations involved. It further implies that to make a sentence syntactically more complex can be a way of having economy satisfied when we relax the notion of economy to performance.

Universals in Computational System

Park Soonhyuck(박순혁) 새한영어영문학회 2016 새한영어영문학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.10

영어문장의 통사 및 의미 유형별 데이터베이스 구축

김은일(Kim Eunil),박순혁(Park Soonhyuck) 현대문법학회 1997 현대문법연구 Vol.11 No.-

Our database is to help researchers easily find the type of English sentences they want to discuss by clicking syntactic and semantic types or typing in words. The database written by MS Visual Basic 4.0 and MS Jet Database Engine 3.0 has 3 modules--i.e. search, input, and DB manager. The search module helps users find English sentences discussed in linguistic journals by using 62 syntactic/semantic types, words, sources, or grammaticality. The input module helps users make his/her own database while the DB manager merges two DB files.

국어와 영어에서 수-자질의 (비)해석성과 원거리 결속 습득

박순혁 국제비교한국학회 2002 비교한국학 Comparative Korean Studies Vol.10 No.2

This paper explores the reflexive binding and its acquisition, focusing particularly on the long-distance anaphoric relations in Korean and English. By doing so, we assume basically that the number(N)-feature of Korean nominals can be uninterpretable, such that it activates the reflexive pronoun to participate in the operation of Agree with the subject in the higher clause, yielding long-distance binding relations, whereas that of English is interpretable which is always subject to local binding. This analysis is supported by the evidence that in Korean, the use of many and much is not distinguishable, and the plural suffix marker -tul is easily deleted, which is well accounted for by Chomsky(2000) and Lasnik(2001) in the sense that the uninterpretable feature are erased by Agree in the narrow syntax or by Deletion in the PF interface. It has been argued that the possibility of long-distance binding relies on the precise value of N-feature which is contained in the reflexive pronoun. The errors that are made by L2 learners are thus attributed to the assumption that they fail to recognize the value of N-feature of the target language. If this is on the right track, then the next task concerning the reflexive binding is to pursue an approach where L2 learners are not only exposed to the facts observed in binding relations, but guided to understand the overall values of nominals in the target languages, including person, number, and gender.

국어와 영어에서 수-자질의 (비)해석성과 원거리 결속 습득

박순혁 국제비교한국학회 2003 비교한국학 Comparative Korean Studies Vol.11 No.1

This paper explores the reflexive binding and its acquisition, focusing particularly on the long-distance anaphoric relations in Korean and English. By doing so, we assume basically that the number-feature of Korean nominals can be uninterpretable, such that it activates the reflexive pronoun to participate in the operation of Agree with the subject in the higher clause, yielding long-distance binding relations, whereas that of English is interpretable which is always subject to local binding. This analysis is supported by the evidence that in Korean, the concepts of many and much are not distinguishable, and the plural suffix marker -tul is easily deleted, which is well accounted for by Chomsky(2000) and Lasnik(2001) in the sense that the uninterpretable feature are erased by Agree in the narrow syntax or by simply deleting it in the PF interface. It has been argued that the possibility of long-distance binding relies on the precise value of number feature which is contained in the reflexive pronoun. The errors that are made by L2 learners are thus attributed to the assumption that they fail to recognize the value of number feature of the target language. If this is on the right track, then the next task concerning the reflexive binding is to pursue the approach where L2 learners are not only exposed to the facts observed in binding relations, but guided to understand the overall values of nominals in the target languages, including person, number, and gender.