정수분야 및 폐수처리분야 ( 물리화학적 처리 ) : 분말전로슬래그를 이용한 고농도 인폐수의 처리에 관한 연구

김응호,유기상 ( Eoung Ho Kim,Ki Sang Yoo ) 한국물환경학회 ( 구 한국수질보전학회 ) 1996 학술연구발표회 논문초록집 Vol.1996 No.-

정석탈인법에서의 (晶析脫燐法) 정석재특성에 관한 비교 연구

김응호,임수빈 ( Eoung Ho Kim,Soo Bin Yim ) 한국물환경학회 1995 한국물환경학회지 Vol.11 No.2

The characteristics of optimum seed crystals for phosphorus removal have been studied comparatively by a column reactor for the leaching test and the phosphorus removal test by crystallization. As seed materials, phosphorus rock, electron arc furnace slag, blast furnace slag and converter slag have been chosen. The converter slag shows the most leaching quantity of Ca^(2+) and OH ion among the above slags. The average phosphorus removal efficiencies of phosphorus rock, electron arc furnace slag, blast furnace slag and converter slag are 35.9%, 74.2%, 99.1%, 94.5% under 20, l7, 24 and 158 days water flowing condition, respectively. X-ray diffraction pattern shows that blast furnace slag and converter slag transform from amorphous to crystalline phase. The SEM observation reveals that the finely distributed cubical crystalline are formed on the surface of converter slag during the crystallization period. The composition ratio (=Ca/P) of crystalline analyzed by EDS mapping is found to be 1.97 which is determined to be hydroxyapatite. By comparing the 4 seed crystals in technical and economical aspects, it is concluded that the converter slag is the best seed material for phosphorus crystallization process.

분말 전로슬래그를 이용한 고농도 인폐수의 처리 특성

김응호,유기상,조진규 ( Eoung Ho Kim,Ki Sang Yoo,Jin Kyu Cho ) 한국물환경학회 1996 한국물환경학회지 Vol.12 No.4

A completely mixed batch system was used to investigate the effects of Ca^(2+), alkalinity and temperature on the phosphorus removal efficiency per specific surface area and the long-time phosphorus removal characteristics, when the converter slag powder was used for phosphorus removal. As alkalinity of wastewater increased, phosphorus removal rate and pH gradually decreased. It was because Ca^(2+), carbonate in wastewater were decreased by producing CaCO₃. Phosphorus removal rate increased in case of temperature and specific surface area increased. For a 80-hr mixing, 0.188 of Ca^(2+) was gushed out per 1g of converter slag. Among this 75.9% came out during first 48 hours and then the amount of Ca^(2+) and pH decreased, and the rate of phosphorus removal decreased significantly. In case of adding converter slag of 1W/V% passing through the 200 mesh at 20℃, a reactoin order m was about 1.055 and rate constant k was about 1.081 hr¹ in the equation of -dt/ dC=kC^m Also, when adding 0.5W/V%, m and k was about 1.42 and 1.0883( mg/L)^(0.42) hr¹, respectively.

정석탈인재인 입상 전로슬래그의 Ca2+ 이온 용출특성

김응호,허순철,조진규 ( Eoung Ho Kim,Soon Cheol Hur,Jin Kyu Cho ) 한국물환경학회 1997 한국물환경학회지 Vol.13 No.4

Calcium ion and pH of leachate from converter slag as phosphorus crystallizer were measured with respect to diameter and space velocity(SV) for stable crystallization. Since conventional crystallization process in municipal wastewater treatment requires calcium concentration over 70㎎/L and usually secondary effluent includes Caz^(2+) concentration of 40㎎/L, it must be leached above 30㎎/L from converter slag itself which is the critical concentration to judge the effective slag duration. Diameter of used slag was ranged from 0.4 to 2.0㎜. As the leaching pH of all slag media is over 11.0, the slag process needs the additional pH decreasing adjustment. When using below l.0㎜ diameter of slag media under the space velocity of 2hr^(-1), the effective duration lasted 40days. When using slag ranged from 0.42 to 2.0㎜ under the space velocity of lhr^(-1) and 2hr^(-1) , the effluent Ca^(2+) concentration maintained over 30㎎/L until 40days, but in case of SV of 3hr or above the critical 30㎎/L cannot be obtained from initial operation.

제강전로슬래그를 이용한 고화처리 하수슬러지의 중금속 용출 특성

김응호(Eoung Ho Kim),조진규(Jin Kyu Cho),허순철(Soon Cheol Heo) 한국물환경학회 1998 한국물환경학회지 Vol.14 No.3

The hazard of heavy metals leached from the solidified sewage sludge by converter slag were estimated. Various curing methods and curing times were investigated. The Korean standard leaching method and Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure(TCLP) were compared. The sequential extraction leaching test for solidified sewage sludge by converter slag were also studied. The results show that the leaching of the metals was relatively independent of the curing method and the curing time for solidified sludge. The leachate Cd, Cr^(6+) and Pb concentrations were higher in TCLP than those in the Korean standard leaching method. The leachate Cu concentration, however, was higher in the Korean method than that in TCLP. In the sequential extraction leaching test, leachate Cd and Pb concentrations were low in high pH and alkalinity during initial extraction, but leachate concentrations increased gradually as the extraction steps increased. The tendency of leachate Cr^(6+) and Cu concentrations showed contrary to Cd and Pb concentrations. The leachate Cu concentrations were high in the case where quicklime was added. The results of all the leaching tests showed that the concentrations of leachate heavy metals were much lower than that in the Korea toxic waste criteria. Thus the hazard of the leaching of heavy metals caused by landfill of solidified sewage sludge by converter slag may be considered to be quite low.

중공사 정밀여과막 활성슬러지법 ( ASMF ) 에 의한 생활하수의 분리특성에 관한 기초연구

박재로,지재성,김응호 ( Jae Roh Park,Chai Sung Gee,Eoung Ho Kim ) 한국물환경학회 1997 한국물환경학회지 Vol.13 No.2

The Purpose of this study is to investigate the seperation characteristics of high concentration domestic sewage using activated sludge process combined with hollow fiber microfiltration membrane and to find out the operating parameter for ASMF Process. A hollow fiber microfiltration membrane module with a pore size 0.1micron was immersed in the aeration basin(0.4㎥) and treated water was filtered through the membrane by intermittent suction with low pressure of 400mmHg(about 0.5kgf/㎠). In this experiment, various operational mode were applied to investigate stable permeate flux conditions as well as optimal suction-idle cycle and effective aeration intensity. The BOD, COD and LAS removal efficiency were higher than 85% and SS, Turbidity removal efficiency was about 100% but color removal efficiency was lower than 60%. As the results, the stable permeate flux range was 9 ℓ/ ㎡/hr∼12 ℓ/ ㎡/hr, the optimal suction-idle cycle was 10min-10min and the aeration intensity condition of 320 ℓ/㎥min was sufficient to keep both stable permeate flux and aerobic basin condition. During the experimental period, cumulating fouling and internal clogging in the membrane were inevitable to some extent. However, the optimal permeate flux, intermittent suction, and low suction pressure operation could prevent the unrecoverable fouling and dead end of operation without frequent chemical cleaning.

침지형막분리법과 응집체첨가활성슬러지법의 조합에 의한 하수중의 유기물 및 인제거 특성에 관한 연구

박재로(Jae Roh Park),김응호(Eoung Ho Kim) 한국물환경학회 2000 한국물환경학회지 Vol.16 No.3

The objective of this research is to show whether Alum-MBR (Membrane Bio-Reactor) system is a technically feasible and economically competitive process for organic and phosphorus removal of municipal sewage. In Alum-MBR system, organic material and phosphorus are removed by biological, chemical reaction and membrane separation mechanism. The advantages of Alum-MBR system were listed as high treability, easy maintanance and automatic operation. Membrane used in this system was polyethylene hollow fiber microfiltration which surface treated hydrophilic with a pore size of 0.1㎛ and surface area of 4㎡ and two module was immersed to aeration basin of 0.4㎥. Jar test was conducted to find out weather chemicals are suitable for phosphorus removal and optimal dosage rate of chemicals and back-up test in a small-scale pilot plant was conducted to confirm of removal effect of organic material and phosphorus. The operation conditions of Alum-MBR system were fixed at suction-idle time of l0min-5min, permeation flux of 0.015㎥/㎡/hr, aeration intensity of 300ℓ/㎥/min. As the result of dosing Alum into MBR, flux was stable and permeate pressure was bring down remarkably. T-P concentration of permeated water always lower than target water quality of l㎎/ℓ.

Fly Ash 를 이용한 하수슬러지의 고화처리에 관한 연구

조진규(Jin Kyu Cho),김성호(Sung Ho Kim),김응호(Eoung Ho Kim) 한국물환경학회 2001 한국물환경학회지 Vol.17 No.6

This study was performed to evaluate feasibility of fly ash as a solidifying agent for the solidification of sewage sludge. The unconfined compressive strength and pH were observed with during time and mixing ratio, and heavy metal leaching test was performed. Also, XRD, SEM and EDS analysis was performed for the microstructure analysis of the solidified sewage sludge. Immaterial increase of unconfined compressive strength was shown for the sewage sludge mixed with fly ash as a solidifying agent, but the unconfined compressive strength was increased highly for the use of quicklime as a solidifying aid. So, It is possible to use fly ash as a solidifying agent mixed with a small quantity of quicklime. The results of leaching tests was shown that the concentrations of leachate heavy metals(Cu, Pb, Cd and Cr^(6+)) were lower than the Korea toxic waste criteria. The microstructure analysis by SEM was shown that needlelike crystals appeared as the solidification proceed. The analysis of these crystals by EDS confirmed that these main components were Ca, Si etc. Also, XRD analysis was shown that the main solidification products was CSH.

2단형 막분리 활성슬러지법(Two Stage MBR)의 운전 특성에 관한 고찰

박재로 ( Jae Roh Park ),임현만 ( Hyun Man Lim ),김응호 ( Eoung Ho Kim ) 한국물환경학회 2002 한국물환경학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Two-stage membrane bioreactor using submerged hollow fiber membrane was applied in laboratory scale to treat nitrogen and phosphorus of domestic wastewater. Alum as the flocculant and adsorbent was added into the anaerobic basin of two-stage membrane bioreactor and mixed liquid of aerabic basin was recycled to the anaerobic basin for the purpose of nitrogen removal. Experiment was carried out to find removal efficient of phosphorous and nitrogen components in the mixed liquid, and the stability of the permeate flux and pressure of two-stage membrane bioreactor. In case of alum was added as the flocculant and adsorbent into the anaerobic basin, soluble phosphorus removal efficient was relatively higher and total permeate resistance (Rtot) was more increased out nitrogen removal efficient was lower as the result of lack of alkalinity and insufficient nitrification process than the case of alum was not added.

2단형 막분리 활성슬러지법(Two Stage MBR)에서 내부순환을 변화와 응집제 첨가에 의한 질소 및 인제거 특성에 관한 연구

박재로 ( Jae Roh Park ),임현만 ( Hyun Man Lim ),김응호 ( Eoung Ho Kim ) 한국물환경학회 2002 한국물환경학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Laboratory-scale membrane bioreactor added alum into the anaerobic basin as a flocculant and adsorbent was carried out to find removal efficient of nitrogen and phosphorus components in the mixed liquid and weather or not maintaining the stability for the permeate flux and pressure at various internal recycle conditions. It was found that denitrification efficient of maximum 65% was obtained when the ratio of internal recycle was 3Q. Additionally when the ratio of internal recycle was fixed at 3Q, BOD_5 and T-P concentration of permeate was much more reduced compared to not added alum in anaerobic basin but T-N concentration of permeate was relatively increased. In case of added alum as the flocculant and adsorbent in anaerobic basin, the permeate flux was maintained above 10ℓ/㎡/hr but the permeate pressure was relatively higher than alum was not added in anaerobic basin.