http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
김애영(Kim Ai-Young) 한국관세학회 2005 관세학회지 Vol.6 No.2
The korean economy has suffered from the stagnation of consumption and investment which has been major sources of the recent economic recession while export has been taking a fovorable turn. To recover the domestic demand such as consumption and investment expenditures, the low interest rates as the internal policy have been put in effect. On the otehr hand the won/dollar exchange rate has been kept from appreciating through the foreign exchange market intervetion in order to support the competitiveness of domestic goods. Nevertheless the effectiveness of the low interest rate policy on investment is still in doubt and also more export has been less linked to the increases in both consumption and investment expenditures. This is because an exchange rate depreciation has two offsetting effects on investment. One is the positive effect that exchange rate depreciations would lead firms to expand investment through the profit channel because exchange rate depreciations could imply strong relative price changes which increase demands for export and import-competing goods. The other is the negative effect that exchange rate depreciations would lead firms to contract investment through income and cost channels. Moreover in small open economy the exchange rate volatility affects the investment decision of the firms, which direction depends on the attitude toward the firm's risk. If the finn is risk averse, more exchange rate volatility results in less investment, but if the firm is risk neutral, more exchange rate volatility results in more investment. Therefore, the net effects of the changes in real exchange rate and exchange rate volatility on the investment are ambiguous in the theoretical literature. This paper examines the net effects of the changes in real exchange rate and exchange rate volatility on the investment in Korea whose economy has highly relied on imported raw materials and intermediate inputs as well as export. For this empirical study, the error correction model by Johansen is used. The results of the study are as follows. First, income increases are likely to be associated with investment expansions as the theory predicts. Second the real interest rate shows the positive relation with investment. This important finding which is different from the theoretical prediction casts doubt on standard policy prescription that argue that the low interest rates are important instruments for stimulating the firms' investments. This finding might be supported by the recent experiences that the low interest rate policy has failed in investment expansion. Third result shows that real exchange rate depreciations would lead firms to contract investment expenditure. This result could arise if the income and cost effects of exchange rates on investment dominate the profit effect. The final result is that the exchange rate volatility also slightly decreases the investment. These results imply that real exchange rate depreciations can be expected to incur increases in export in the short run while it can be a factor to discourage firm's investment mind and then the international competitiveness as well as the potential growth capability. Therefore the policy makers related to the exchange rate operation should take into due consideration that the exchange rate appreciation can leads to expand investment and consumption in the short run and the potential growth capability in the long run rather than costly passive policy to hold back the appreciation pressure through the foreign exchange market interventions. Finally the authority's exchange rate operation should be directed toward minimizing the exchange rate volatility through the fine tunning rather than hindering the exchange rate appreciation against the market forces. The irreversibility of investment would discourage the foreign direct investment in the area with the high degree of uncertainty. So in order to induce the foreign direct investment, the go
金愛英(Kim, Ae-young) 중국어문학연구회 2015 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.94
Through comparing quotations from Sheng-Lei (聲類) in Koreana Tripitaka Yin-Yi-Shu (高麗本音義書) to Xiao-Xue-Sou-Yi (小學蒐逸), I have found some differences. The differences can be divided into three categories: Head characters (words), interpretation, and sources. Through studying quotations from Sheng-Lei (聲類) in Koreana Tripitaka Yin-Yi-Shu (高麗本音義書), I have found a major feature in Sheng-Lei’s (聲類) quotes, which can be described selectively among the three elements of character, the form of the character, meaning and pronunciation. This feature differs from the traditional Chinese dictionary compilation system.
김애영(Ae-Young Kim),서승현(Seung-Hyun Seo),이상호(Sang-Ho Lee) 한국정보과학회 2006 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.33 No.1
중요한 정보의 저장 및 보호하는 기능을 제공하는 스마트카드가 온라인/오프라인에서 대규모 응용에 사용되기 위해서는 강력한 사용자 인증이 요구된다. 이러한 요구는 생체정보의 사용으로 그 효과를 볼 수 있는데, 생체정보의 사용은 사용자 인증을 강력하게 할 뿐만 아니라 외우지 않아도 되는 편리한 비밀키를 제공한다. 동시에 중요한 개인정보인 생체정보 및 처리중의 정보를 스마트카드에 의해서 보호받는 MoC(Match on Card) 방식을 적용받게 된다. 그러나 기존의 MoC방식의 인증 및 키 추출과정에서는 생체정보를 추출하는 과정/방법이 키값의 획일성을 보장하지 못한다는 한계점을 그대로 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 퍼지볼트 스킴을 이용하여 키의 획일성을 확보하면서 생체정보에 대한 보호를 강화시키는 동시에 사용자 인증을 처리하는 방안을 연구하였다.