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김동섭,김범철,황길순,박주현 ( Dong Sup Kim,Bom Chul Kim,Gil Son Hwang,Ju Hyun Park ) 한국물환경학회 1995 한국물환경학회지 Vol.11 No.4
The trend of trophic state change was surveyed in a reservoir, Lake Paldang, that is water resource to capital area. Primary productivity of phytoplankton, chlorophyll a concentration, transparency, total phosphorus concentration, BOD, and COD were measured in 1988, 1990, and 1992-1994 at three sites; dam site, the inlet site of the North Han River, and the inlet site of the South Han River. Tophic state parameters of 1992-1994 showed trend of eutrophication compared with those of 1988. Trophic state was meso-eutrophic in 1988, but it was over eutrophic threshold in 1992. Chlorophyll a concentration at the dam site increased from 2-10 ㎍/ℓ in 1988 to 5-25 in 1992-1994, primary productivity increased from 500-1000 to 1000-2000 ㎎C/㎡/day, total phosphorus concentration increased from 10-30 to 20-120 ㎎/㎥, transparency decreased from 1.5-4 to 0.5-2.0m. Annual phosphorus loading increased from 297 tP/yr in 1988 to 938 tP/yr in 1993. 80% of phosphorus loading was contributed by the South Han River.
김동섭,김범철 ( Dong Sup Kim,Bom Chul Kim ) 한국하천호수학회 1990 생태와 환경 Vol.23 No.3
Primary production of phytoplankton and macrophytes were measured in a reservoir on the Han River, Lake Paldang. The primary productivity of phytoplankton was measured by photosynthesis-irradiance (P-I) model method and the primary production by macrophytes was claculated from the harvestable above ground biomass. Daily productivity of phytoplankton per unit surface area was 500∼1,000 mgC㎡/day, falling in the range of eutrophic lakes. The initial slope of P-I curves (α) showed 6.1∼9.6 gC㎡/gChl/E of 50% percentile range and the photoinhibition coefficient (β) showed 0∼0.057 gC㎡/gChl/E of 50% percentile range. The seasonal variations of P-I model parameters were small compared with the reports in other lakes, which means that in Lake Paldang the seasonal variation of light intensity which phytoplankton is adapted to was small, because Lake Paldang is well mixed all the year round and the seasonal variation of mixed zone is small except only two or three months. The assimilation number showed 2.7∼4.7 gC/gChl/hr of 50% percentile range. 64% of total annual primary production was contributed by phytoplankton and 36% by macrophytes. Though the productivity per unit area is much higher for macrophytes, the total production of phytoplankton is larger because the macrophytes production is confined to narrow littoral zone along the shore.
김범철,허우명,황길순,김동섭,최광순 ( Bom Chul Kim,Woo Myung Heo,GIl Son Hwang,Dong Sup Kim,Kwang Soon Choi ) 한국하천호수학회 1995 생태와 환경 Vol.28 No.2
The distribution of phosphorus in Lake Soyang from January 1985 to August 1992 was surveyed by the measurement of soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP), total dissolved phosphorus(DTP), and total phosphorus(TP) concentration. SRP concentration was in the range of 2∼7mgP/m^3 in epilimnion, and 4∼200mgP/m^3 in hypolimnion. The vertical distribution pattern of SRP showed a large difference with the season. SRP concentration decreased during the growing season of phytoplankton in the epilimnion of Lake Soyang and increased in hypolimnion during the oxygen depletion. Higher concentration near the bottom implies they are diffused from the bottom sediment where organic particles are settled and degraded. SRP, DOP, POP and TP concentration was higher in the metalimnion of Lake Soyang in rainy season. It might be related with storm runoff. General trend of TP variation is that the TP concentration of water column is increasing substantially from year to year. TP concentration in the surface water increased from 5mgP/m^3 at 1985 to 20mgP/m^3 at 1992.
김범철,조규송,허우명,김동섭 ( Bom Chul Kim,Kyu Song Cho,Woo Myung Heo,Dong Sup Kim ) 한국하천호수학회 1989 생태와 환경 Vol.22 No.3
The trend of trophic status change in Lake Soyang from 1981 to 1989 was studied by the measrement of chlorophyll a concentration, transparency, total phosphorus concentration, and the rate of hypolimnetic oxygen deficit rate. And the phosphorus loading from the watershed was measured monthly at the main inflowing river, Soyang River. The increasing trend of chlorophyll was clear at the rate of 0.4 ㎍/ℓ/yr. The advent and expansion of Anabaena bloom was the major cause of chlorophyll increase and transparency reduction. The rate of hypolimnetic oxygen deficit also increased from 0.032㎎O₂/㎠/day in 1986 to 0.066 in 1988. The trophic state of Lake Soyang can be assessed as oligotrophy before 1983, mesotrophy from 1984 to 1988, and eutrophy since 1989. Phosphorus loading from floating net fishfarms was estimated to be larger than 45% of total. The phosphorus loading from only watershed is smaller than the dangerous critical loading, but, if the fishfarms loading added, it exceeds the critical loading.
김범철,최광순,김철구,이유희,김동섭,박제철 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-
Seasonal and vertical distributions of dissolved and particulate organic carbon were investigated from May 1995 to March 1997 in n deep mesotrophic reservoir, Lake Soyang, POC contentrations at the dam site ranged from 0.1 to 1.8 mgC/L and DOC concentrations ranged from 1.4 to 4.9 mgC/L. POC concentrations in the surface layer were higher in the season of cyanobacterial bloom, July to September. High POC was observed at the depth of 30 to 60m after storm runoff in summer monsoon season. Turbid storm runoff formed intermediate current laden with much particulate materials from terrestrial sources. The vertical and seasonal variation of DOC was smaller than POC. Higher DOC was observed near the lake bottom which implies sedimentation and degradation of much organic detritus at the bottom. The ratio of DOC : POC varied from 2 to 60, and the ratio was lowest in September 1995 when algal density was highest. DOC : POC ratio of the main inflowing river, the Soyang River, varied from 1 to 10, and the ratio was low in storm runoff when the POC concentration was high.