잉어아과에 속하는 납지리와 줄납자루의 Carotenoid 색소성분의 비교

권문정(Moon-Jeong Kweon),하봉석(Bong-Seuk Ha) 한국식품영양과학회 1996 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.25 No.1

어류의 carotenoid에 관한 비교 생화학적 연구의 일환으로서 잉어아과에 속하는 납지리와 줄납자루의 표피와 난의 carotenoid 조성을 비교 검토하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 납지리와 줄납자루 표피의 총 carotenoid 함량은 납지리 수컷 2.3㎎%, 납지리 암컷 1.1㎎%, 줄납자루 수컷 1.9㎎%, 줄납자루 암컷 0.8㎎%로 나타나 수컷 표피의 총 carotenoid 함량이 암컷 표피 보다 다소 높았다. 표피의 carotenoid 조성은 lutein, lutein epoxide, tunaxanthin, zeaxanthin, triol이 주성분을 이루었고 그외, β-carotene, α-cryptoxanthin, cynthiaxanthin이 함유되어 있었다. 납지리 수컷의 표피에는 줄납자루 수컷에 비해 lutein의 함량치가 높았고 줄납자루 수컷의 경우는 납지리 수컷에 비해 lutein epoxide와 tunaxanthin의 함량치가 높았다. 그리고, 납지리 암컷의 표피에는 줄납자루 암컷에 비해 lutein epoxide 함량치가 높았고, 줄납자루 암컷의 표피에는 납지리 암컷에 비해 triol의 함량은 높았다. 납지리와 줄납자루 난의 총 carotenoid 함량은 납지리 1.8㎎%, 줄납자루 2.5㎎%로 표피와는 달리 줄납자루 난의 함량치가 높았다. 납지리와 줄납자루 난의 carotenoid 조성은 다 같이 lutein, lutein epoxide가 주성분을 이루었고 그외 triol은 표피에 비해 적게 함유되어 있었다. 동일한 잉어아과의 납지리와 줄납자루의 표피 및 난의 carotenoid 조성은 서로 유사함을 확인할 수 있었다. Differences in carotenoid composition in the integuments and eggs of flat bitterling, Paracheilognathus rhombea and Korean striped bitterling, Acheilognathus yamatsutae Mori were compared. Total carotenoid content in the integuments of male and female of flat bitterling and Korean striped bitterling were 2.3㎎%, 1.1㎎%, and l.9㎎%, 0.8㎎%, respectively. The composition of carotenoids in the integuments were very similar to each other, and the predominant carotenoids in the integuments of flat bitterling and Korean striped bitterling were lutein(48.0~39.2%), lutein epoxide(19.8~9.0%), trio1(15.7~5.6%), tunaxanthin(15.6~4.5%) and zeaxanthin(10.6~2.5%). In addition, α-cryptoxanthin(4.9~0.0%), cynthiaxanthin(4.8~0.0%), and β-carotene(3.4~0.0%) were present in small amounts. Total carotenoid contents in the eggs of flat bitterling and Korean striped bitterling were 1.8㎎% and 2.5㎎%, respectively. The major carotenoids in the eggs of flat bitterling were lutein(40.5%), lutein epoxide(34.4%) and tunaxanthin(12.1%) followed by zeaxanthin(6.8%), triol(1.4%), β-carotene(0.6%), and α-cryptoxanthin(0.5%). The carotenoids in the eggs of Korean striped bitterling were composed lutein(55.5%), lutein epoxide(24.5%), and zeaxanthin(7%). In addition, tunaxanthin(3.7%), triol(3.5%), α-cryptoxanthin(0.6%) and β-carotene (0.4%) were the minor components.

양식 담수어 및 해산어의 사료 Carotenoids 대사의 비교와 체색개선에 미치는 영향

하봉석(Bong-Seuk Ha),권문정(Moon-Jeong Kweon),박미연(Mi-Yeon Park),백승한(Sung-Han Baek),김수영(Soo-Young Kim),백인옥(In-Ok Baek),강석중(Seok-Joong Kang) 한국식품영양과학회 1997 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.26 No.2

무지개 송어, 산천어, 뱀장어, 볼락 및 우럭에 대한 사료 carotenoids의 체내대사와 체색 개선효과를 검토하기 위하여, 사료에 β-carotene, lutein, canthaxanthin, astaxanthin 및 β-apo-8’-carotenal을 각각 첨가하여 4 내지 5주간 사육하여 표피의 carotenoids 성분의 변화를 분석, 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 무지개 송어 표피의 carotenoids 조성은, zeaxanthin, β-carotene 및 canthaxanthin이 주성분이였으며, 그 외 lutein, isocryptoxanthin 및 salmoxanthin을 소량 성분으로 함유하며, 표피의 carotenoids 축적율은 canthaxanthin 첨가구에서 높게 나타나 체색 선명화 효과가 가장 컸으며, astaxanthin, β-carotene 첨가구의 순으로 나타났다. 무지개 송어 표피에서의 carotenoids 대사경로는, β-carotene이 isocryptoxanthin, echinenone 및 canthaxanthin을 경유하여 astaxanthin으로 lutein은 canthaxanthin으로 산화되고, canthaxanthin은 isozeaxanthin을 경유하여 β-carotene으로 환원되며 astaxanthin은 triol을 경유하여 zeaxanthin으로 환원되는 대사경로를 추정할 수 있었다. 산천어 표피의 carotenoids 조성은, zeaxanthin이 주성분이며, 그 외 triol, lutein, tunaxanthin, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin 및 canthaxanthin을 소량 성분으로 함유하며, 표피의 carotenoids 축적율은 canthaxanthin 첨가구에서 높게 나타나 체색 선명화 효과가 가장 컸으며, lutein, β-carotene 첨가구의 순으로 나타났다. 산천어 표피에서의 carotenoids 대사경로는, β-carotene이 zeaxanthin으로 산화되고, lutein은 tunaxanthin을 경유하여 zeaxanthin으로 환원되고, canthaxanthin은 β-carotene을 경유하여 zeaxanthin으로 산화되며 astaxanthin은 triol을 경유하여 zeaxanthin으로 환원되는 대사경로를 추정할 수 있었다. 뱀장어 표피의 carotenoids 조성은, β-carotene이 주성분이였으며, 그 외 lutein, zeaxanthin 및 β-cryptoxanthin등이 소량 성분으로 함유하며, 표피의 carotenoids 축적율은 lutein 첨가구에서 높게 나타나 체색 선명화 효과가 가장 컸었고, canthaxanthin astaxanthin 첨가구의 순으로 나타났다. 뱀장어 표피에서의 carotenoids 대사경로는, β-carotene과 lutein은 그대로 축적되며, canthaxanthin은 β-carotene으로 그리고 astaxanthin은 zeaxanthin으로 환원되는 대사경로를 추정 할 수 있었다. 볼락 표피의 carotenoids 조성은, zeaxanthin, β-carotene, tunaxanthin A, tunaxanthin B, tunaxanthin C 및 lutein이 주성분이였으며, 그 외 β-cryptoxanthin, α-cryptoxanthin, astaxanthin을 소량 성분으로 함유하며, 표피의 carotenoids 축적율은 lutein 첨가구에서 높게 나타나 체색 선명화 효과가 가장 컸으며, β-carotene, canthaxanthin 첨가구의 순으로 나타났다. 볼락 표피에서의 carotenoids의 대사경로는, β-carotene은 lutein으로 산화되며, lutein, canthaxanthin astaxanthin 및 β-apo-8'-carotenal은 zeaxanthin을 경유하여 tunaxanthin으로 각각 산화 및 환원되는 대사경로를 추정할 수 있었다. 우럭 표피의 carotenoids 조성은, β-carotene, astaxanthin 및 zeaxanthin이 주성분이였으며, 그 외 α-cryptoxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein 및 canthaxanthin을 소량 성분으로 함유하며, 표피의 carotenoids 축적율은 lutein 첨가구에서 높게 나타나 체색 선명화 효과가 가장 컸으며, canthaxanthin, β-carotene 첨가구의 순으로 나타났다. 우럭 표피에서의 carotenoids 대사경로는 β-carotene은 β-cryptoxanthin으로 산화되고, lutein은 α-cryptoxanthin을 경유하여 β-carotene으로 환원되고, canthaxanthin은 β-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin을 경유하여 α-cryptoxanthin으로 환원되며, astaxanthin은 isocryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin을 경유하여 tunaxanthin으로 대사되며, β-apo-8’-carotenal은 β-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin을 경유하여 α-cryptoxanthin으로 환원되는 대사경로를 추정할 수 있었다. Effects of dietary carotenoids were investigated on the metaboβsm and body pigmentation of rainbow trout(Salmo gairdneri), masu salmon(Oncorhynchus macrostomos), eel(Anguilla japonica), rock fish(Sebastes inermis) and black rock fish(Sebastes schlegeβ). Three weeks later after depletion, these fishes were fed diet supplemented with β-carotene, lutein, canthaxanthin', astaxanthin or β-apo-8'-carotena1 for 4 to 5 weeks, respectively. Carotenoids distributed to and changed in integument were analyzed. In the integument of rainbow trout. zeaxanthin, β-carotene and canthaxanthin were found to be the major carotenoids, while lutein, isocryptoxanthin and salmoxanthin were the minor carotenoids. In the integument of masu salmon, zeaxanthin was found to be the major carotenoids, while triol, lutein, tunaxanthin, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin and canthaxanthin were the minor carotenoids. In the integument of eel, β-carotene was found to be the major carotenoids, while lutein, zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin were the minor carotenoids. In the integument of rock fish, zeaxanthin, β-carotene, tunaxanthin(A~C) and lutein were found to be the major carotenoids, while β-cryptoxanthin, α-cryptoxanthin and astaxanthin were the minor carotenoids. Likely in the integument of black rock fish, β-carotene, astaxanthin and zeaxanthin were found to be the major carotenoids, whereas α-cryptoxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein and canthaxanthin were the minor contributor. The efficacy of body pigmentation by the accumulation of carotenoids in the integument of rainbow trout and masu salmon were the most effectively shown in the canthaxanthin group and of eel, rock fish and black rock fish were the most effectively shown in the lutein group. Based on these results in the integument of each fish, dietary carotenoids were presumably biotransformed via oxidative and reductive pathways. In the rainbow trout, β-carotene was oxidized to astaxanthin via successively isocryptoxanthin, echinenone and canthaxanthin. Lutein was oxidized to canthaxanthin. Canthaxanthin was reduced to β-carotene via isozeaxanthin, and astaxanthin was reduced to zeaxanthin via triol. In the masu salmon, β-carotene was oxidized to zeaxanthin. Lutein was reduced to zeaxanthin via tunaxanthin. Canthaxanthin was reduced to zeaxanthin via β-carotene. and astaxanthin was reduced to zeaxanthin via triol. In the eel, β-carotene and lutein were directly deposited but canthaxanthin was reduced to β-carotene, and cholesterol lowering effect by Meju supplementation might be resulted from the modulation of fecal axanthin, astaxanthin and β-apo-8'-carotenal were oxidized and reduced to tunaxanthin via zeaxanthin. In the black roch fish, β-carotene was oxidized to β-cryptoxanthin. Lutein was reduced to β-carotene via α-cryptoxanthin. Canthaxanthin was reduced to α-cryptoxanthin via successively β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin. Astaxanthin converted to tunaxanthin via isocryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin, and β-apo-8'-carotenal was reduced to α-cryptoxanthin via β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin.

농어과에 속하는 쏘가리와 꺽지의 Carotenoid 색소성분의 비교

이향희(Hyang-Hee Lee),박미연(Mi-Yeon Park),권문정(Moon-Jeong Kweon),백승한(Sung-Han Baek),김수영(Soo-Young Kim),강동수(Dong-Soo Kang),하봉석(Bong-Seuk Ha) 한국식품영양과학회 1996 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.25 No.1

어류의 carotenoid에 관한 비교 생화학적 연구의 일환으로서, 우리나라 특산의 농어과인 쏘가리와 꺽지의 표피 및 난의 산란 중과 산란 후의 carotenoid 조성이 서로 어떻게 다른가 비교, 검토하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 쏘가리와 꺽지 표피의 총 carotenoid 함량은 쏘가리는 산란 중에 2.8㎎%, 산란 후에 2.1㎎%로 나타나 산란 후 보다 산란 중에 높은 함량치를 보였다. 표피의 carotenoid 조성은 쏘가리는 산란 중에 tunaxanthin 42.2%, lutein 22.0%이며, 산란 후에는 tunaxanthin 32.7%, lutein 24.5%로 나타났으며, 꺽지는 산란 중에는 tunaxanthin 69.4%, lutein 17.0%, 산란 후에는 tunaxanthin 37.5%, lutein 24.8%로 나타나 표피의 tunaxanthin의 함량은 산란 중이 산란 후 보다 높은 반면, lutein, zeaxanthin 등의 함량은 산란 후가 높았다. 쏘가리와 꺽지 난의 총 carotenoid 함량은 쏘가리의 난은 0.3㎎%, 꺽지의 난은 1.3㎎%로 나타나 쏘가리 보다 꺽지 난의 함량이 높았다. 난의 carotenoid 조성은 쏘가리는 β-carotene 27.4%, zeaxanthin 25.7%, diatoxanthin 23.8%였고, 꺽지는 β-carotene 27.4%, zeaxanthin 25.7%, diatoxanthin 23.8%였고, 꺽지는 β-carotene 40.1%, zeaxanthin 25.3%, diatoxanthin 22.4%로 나타나 모두 β-carotene, zeaxanthin, diatoxanthin이 주성분으로 함유되어 있었으며 그외 cynthiaxanthin, lutein 및 cryptoxanthin 등이 함유되어 있었다. 동일한 농어과의 쏘가리와 꺽지의 표피 및 난의 carotenoid 조성은 서로 유사함을 확인할 수 있었다. Differences in carotenoid composition in the integuments and eggs of mandarin fish, Siniperca scherzeri and Korean perch, Coreoperca herzi during and after spawning period were compared. Total carotenoid contents in the integuments of the mandarin fish and Korean perch were 2.8㎎% and 3.5㎎% during spawning period but after spawning period the contents were decreased to 2.1㎎% and 2.7㎎%, respectively. In the composition of carotenoids in the integuments of mandarin fish, tunaxanthin(42.2%) and lutein(24.6%) were present as predominant carotenoids. After spawning period, tunaxanthin(32.7%) was decreased and lutein(24.6%) was increased. Total carotenoid contents in the eggs of mandarin fish and Korean perch were 0.3㎎% and 1.3㎎%, respectively. The major carotenoids in the eggs of mandarin fish and Korean perch were β-carotene(22.4~27.4%), zeaxanthin(25.3~25.7%), and diatoxanthin(22.4~23.8%). In addition, cryptoxanthin, lutein, cynthiaxanthin, and triol were found in small amounts.

잉어아과에 속하는 묵납자루와 각시붕어의 Carotenoid 색소성분의 비교

백승한(Seung-Han Baek),김수영(Soo-Young Kim),정계임(Kye-Im Geong),권문정(Moon-Jeong Kweon),최옥수(Ok-Soo Choi),김종현(Jong-Hyun Kim),김화선(Hwa-Seon Kim),하봉석(Bong-Seuk Ha) 한국식품영양과학회 1999 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.28 No.6

어류의 carotenoids에 관한 비교 생화학적 연구의 일환으로서, 우리나라 특산의 담수산 어류인 자연산 묵납자루 및 각시붕어의 표피 carotenoids를 TLC, column chromatography 및 HPLC로 분리하고, NaBH₄에 의한 환원반응, I₂에 의한 이성화반응 및 UV-visible spectrophotometer로 동정하여 비교, 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 자연산 묵납자루 표피의 총 carotenoids 함량은 2.11㎎%였으며, carotenoids 조성은 zeaxanthin 42.6%, diatoxanthin 12.1% 및 lutein epoxide 12.1%로 주성분을 이루고 그 외 cynthiaxanthin 10.3%, zeaxanthin epoxide 8.3%, lutein 6.4% 및 α-cryptoxanthin 1.5%의 순으로 함유하였다. 자연산 각시붕어 표피의 총 carotenoids 함량은 산란기에 4.99㎎%, 산란후에 4.17㎎%로서 산란 후 총 carotenoids 함량이 감소하였다. Carotenoids 조성은 산란기에 zeaxanthin 46.7%, diatoxanthin 26.5% 및 lutein 12.3%로 주성분을 이루고, 그 외 zeaxanthin epoxide 6.2%, cynthiaxanthin 3.1%, α-cryptoxanthin 2.9% 및 canthaxanthin 0.7%의 순으로 함유하여 묵납자루와 유사하였으며, 산란후에는 diatoxanthin 30.5%, cynthiaxanthin 21.5% 및 zeaxanthin 16.8%로서 주성분을 이루고, 그 외 α-cryptoxanthin 14.0%, lutein 11.3% 및 canthaxanthin 3.4%의 순으로 함유하여, 산란후에는 산란기에 비하여 zeaxanthin의 함량비가 감소하고, α-cryptoxanthin과 cynthiaxanthin의 함량비가 증가하여 차이가 나타났다. 자연산 묵납자루와 각시붕어의 총 carotenoids 함량은 동일한 잉어 아과의 다른 어종에 비하여 함량이 높았으며, carotenoids 조성은 다른 잉어 아과의 어류와 유사함을 알 수 있었다. Differences in carotenoid composition in the integument of Korean bittering, Cheilognathus signifer and bride bittering, Rhodeus ukekii which are Korean native fresh water fish were compared. Total carotenoid contents in the integument of wild Korean bittering was 2.11㎎% and composed of 42.6% zeaxanthin, 12.1% diatoxanthin and 12.1% lutein epoxide which are predominant carotenoids and 10.3% cynthiaxanthin, 8.3% zeaxanthin epoxide, 6.4% lutein and 1.5% α-cryptoxanthin which are minor carotenoids. Total carotenoid contents in the integument of wild bride bittering was 4.99㎎% during a spawning period but after the spawning period it was decreased to 4.17㎎% and carotenoid composition of bride bittering during the spawning period was 46.7% zeaxanthin, 26.5% diatoxanthin and 12.3% lutein which are predominant carotenoids, and 6.2% zeaxanthin epoxide, 3.1% cynthiaxanthin, 2.9% α-cryptoxanthin and 0.7% canthaxanthin which are minor carotenoids. These results indicated that the carotenoid composition of bride bittering during spawning period was very similar to that of Korean bittering and carotenoid composition of bride bittering after the spawning period was 30.5% diatoxanthin, 21.5% cynthiaxanthin and 16.8% zeaxanthin which are predominant carotenoids and 14.0% α-cryptoxanthin, 11.3% lutein and 3.4% canthaxanthin which are minor carotenoids, indicating that after the spawning period, the content of zeaxanthin was decreased while that of α-cryptoxanthin and cynthiaxanthin was increased as compared to that of the spawning period. Total carotenoid contents in Korean bittering and bride bittering was relatively higher than that in other species of cyprinidae whereas composition of the carotenoid was similar.

메기과에 속하는 메기와 미유기의 Carotenoid 색소 성분의 비교

백승한 ( Seung Han Baek ),하봉석 ( Bong Seuk Ha ),김수영 ( Soo Young Kim ),권문정 ( Moon Jeong Kweon ),최옥수 ( Ok Soo Choi ),배태진 ( Tae Jin Bae ),강동수 ( Dong Soo Kang ) 한국식품영양학회 2004 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

칼납자루의 사료 Carotenoids 대사와 체색개선에 미치는 영향

김현영(Hyun-Young Kim),백승한(Seung-Han Baek),김수영(Soo-Young Kim),정계임(Kye-Im Geong),권문정(Moon-Jeong Kweon),김종현(Jong-Hyun Kim),하봉석(Bong-Seuk Ha) 한국식품영양과학회 1999 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.28 No.5

어류의 carotenoid에 관한 비교 생화학적 연구의 일환으로서 잉어아과에 속하는 칼납자루 표피의 carotenoid 조성을 분석 비교하고, 칼납자루에 대한 사료 carotenoid의 체내 대사와 체색 개선에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여, lutein, cynthiaxanthin 및 astaxanthin을 각각 첨가한 사료로써 4주간 사육한 결과는 다음과 같다. 칼납자루 표피의 carotenoids의 조성비는 자연산에는 zeaxanthin 47.2%, lutein epoxide 11.4%, diatoxanthin 11.0%, lutein 9.7% 및 zeaxanthin epoxide 8.3%가, 2주간 순치후에는 α-cynptoxanthin 29.9%, zeaxanthin 19.3%, lutein epoxide 13.1%, diatoxanthin 12.0% 및 zeaxanthin epoxide 8.8%가 주성분으로 함유하여 칼납자루에는 zeaxanthin, diatoxanthin, lutein epoxide 및 zeaxanthin epoxide의 대사가 활발하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 칼납자루 표피의 총 carotenoids 함량은 자연산 1.72㎎%, 2주간 순치후 2.08㎎%로 나타났고, 사육 시험 2주후에는 control구 2.10㎎%에 비하여 lutein 첨가구 2.23㎎%, cynthiaxanthin 첨가구 2.36㎎% 및 astaxanthin 첨가구 2.49㎎%로 carotenoid 첨가구에서 모두 높게 나타났으며, 사육 시험 4주후에는 control구 1.76㎎%, lutein 첨가구 1.95㎎%, cynthiaxanthin 첨가구 1.74㎎% 및 astaxanthin 첨가구 1.72㎎%로 감소하여, carotenoids는 신속하게 축적, 그리고 대사된다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 칼납자루 표피에서의 carotenoids 축적률은 astaxanthin 첨가구가 가장 높게 나타나서 체색 선명화 효과가 컸으며, cynthiaxanthin, lutein 첨가구의 순으로 나타났다. 사육 시험후, 각 carotenoid 첨가구의 총 carotenoids 함량과 조성의 변화에 의한 칼납자루 표피에서의 carotenoids 대사 경로는 lutein이 α-doradexanthin(4-ketolutein)과 β-doradexanthin(4-ketozeaxanthin)을 경유하여 astaxanthin으로 변화하는 산화적 대사과정이 있고, 또한, zeaxanthin을 경유하여 zeaxanthin epoxide로 변화되는 산화적 대사과정이 존재한다. cynthiaxanthin은 diatoxanthin과 zeaxanthin으로 변화하는 환원적 대사과정를 경유하여 zeaxanthin epoxide로 변화하는 산화적 대사과정이 있고, 또한, diatoxanthin, zeaxanthin 및 β-doradexanthin을 경유하여 astaxanthin으로 변화하는 산화적 대사과정이 존재한다. 그리고 astaxanthin은 β-doradexanthin과 zeaxanthin으로 변화하는 환원적 대사과정을 경유한 후 zeaxanthin epoxide로 변화하는 산화적 대사과정이 존재한다. 일반적으로 담수어에는 산화적 대사가 주된 대사이나 환원적 대사도 함께 존재함을 알 수 있었다. Effects of dietary carotenoids were investigated on metabolism of the carotenoids, and body pigmentation in oily bittering, Acheilognathus koreensis. Two weeks later after depletion, oily bitterings were fed the diets supplemented with either lutein, cynthiaxanthin and astaxathin for 4 weeks. Carotenoids distributed to and metabolized in integument were analyed. The carotenoid isolated from the integument of wild oily bittering, composed of 47.2% zeaxanthin, 11.4% lutein epoxide, 11.0% diatoxanthin, 9.7% lutein and 8.3% zeaxanthin epoxide. Meanwhile, two weeks later after depletion, the carotenoid composed of 29.9% α-crytoxanthin, 19.3% zeaxanthin, 13.2% lutein epoxide, 12.0% diatoxanthin and 8.8% zeaxanthin epoxide. These indicated that zeaxanthin, diatoxanthin. lutein epoxide and zeaxanthin epoxide were actively metabolized in oily bittering. compared to that of other fresh water fish. Total carotenoid content in the integument of wild oily bittering and oily bittering depleted for two weeks was found to be 1.72㎎% and 2.08㎎%, respectively. Two weeks later after treatment of experimental diet, total carotenoids content was increased to 2.23㎎% in lutein. 2.36㎎% in cynthiaxanthin and 2.49㎎% in astaxanthin supplemented group. which were relatively higher than 2.10㎎% in control group. Meanwhile, 4 weeks later, total carotenoids content was decreased to 1.76㎎% in control, 1.95㎎% in lutein. 1.74㎎% in cynthiaxanthin and 1.72㎎% in astaxanthin supplemented groups. These result indicate that dietary carotenoids were rapidly accumulated and then metabolized to certain metabolites shortly after feeding. Body pigmentation effects of the carotenoids due to accumulation of carotenoids in the integument of oily bittering was the most effectively shown in the astaxanthin supplemented group, followed by cynthiaxanthin and lutein supplemented groups. In the integument of oily bittering, dietary carotenoids were presumably biotransformed via either oxidative or reductive pathways as presumed the variation of total carotenoid content and carotenoid composition in all experimental groups. The lutein was oxidized either to astaxanthin via α-doradexanthin and β-doradexanthin, or to zeaxanthin epoxide via zeaxanthin by oxidative pathway. Cynthiaxanthin was converted either to diatoxanthin and zeaxanthin by reductive pathway and then to zeaxanthin epoxide by oxidative pathway, or it was converted to astaxanthin via diatoxanthin. zeaxanthin and β-doradexanthin by oxidative pathway. Astaxanthin was converted to β-doradexanthin and zeaxanthin by reductive pathway and then to zeaxanthin epoxide by oxidative pathway. These results suggest that, oxidative pathway of carotenoids was major metabolic pathway along with reductive pathway in fresh water fish.

구굴무치과에 속하는 동사리와 얼룩동사리의 Carotenoid 색소성분의 비교

김명선(Moung-Sun Kim),백승한(Seung-Han Baek),김현영(Hyun-Young Kim),김수영(Soo-Young Kim),정계임(Kye-Im Geong),권문정(Moon-Jeong Kweon),하봉석(Bong-Seuk Ha) 한국식품영양과학회 1998 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.27 No.5

어류의 carotenoid에 관한 비교 생화학적 연구의 일환으로서, 우리나라 특산의 담수어인 구굴무치과의 동사리와 얼룩동사리의 표피 carotenoid를 TLC, column chromatography 및 HPLC로 분리하고 NaBH₄에 의한 환원반응, I₂에 의한 이성화반응 및 uv-visible spectrophotometer로 비교하고 IR, ¹H-NMIR 및 mass spectrum을 측정하여 carotenoid를 동정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 동사리 표피의 총 carotenoids 함량은 4윌산에 3.01㎎%, 9월산에 3.67㎎%로서 산란기에 가까워질수록 높게 나타났고, carotenoid 조성은 4월산에 β-carotene(25.6%), lutein(18.5%), zeaxanthin(12.0%)이 주성분을 이루고, 그 외 isocryptoxanthin, diatoxanthin, tunaxanthin, cynthiaxanthin, canthaxanthin 및 α-cryptoxanthin을 소량 성분으로 함유하였으며, 9월산에는 β-carotene(16.5%), zeaxanthin(13.7%) cynthiaxanthin(13.6%)이 주성분을 이루며, 그 외 lutein, isocryptoxanthin, tunaxanthin, α-cryptoxanthin, diatoxanthin 및 canthaxanthin을 소량 성분으로 함유하여, 산란기에 가까워질수록 cynthiaxanthin과 α-cryptoxanthin의 조성이 증가하는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 얼룩동사리 표피의 총 carotenoids 함량은 4월산에 2.00㎎%, 9월산에 2.84㎎%로서 산란기에 가까워질수록 높게 나타났고, carotenoid 조성은 4월산과 9월산 모두에서 β-carotene(24.9%, 27.5%), zeaxanthin(14.4%, 20.9%), lutein(l2.6%, 11.4%)이 주성분을 이루고, 그 외 cynthiaxanthin, tunaxanthin, diatoxanthin, isocryptoxanthin, α-cryptoxanthin 및 canthaxanthin을 소량 성분으로 함유하여, 산란기에 가까워질수록 zeaxanthin의 조성이 증가하는 것을 볼 수 있었으며, 동사리와 비교하여 서로 다르게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 같은 구굴무치과이면서도 서식 환경 및 표피 색체의 차이에 기인하는 것으로 보아진다. 그리고 동사리와 얼룩동사리는 다른 담수어에서는 드물게 볼 수 있는 cynthiaxanthin과 diatoxanthin의 함량이 높게 함유하며 해산어 특유의 tunaxanthin도 함유하여 매우 특이하였다. This study was performed as a part of comparative biochemical studies of carotenoid pigment for the fresh water fish. Carotenoids in integument of Korean dark sleeper, Odontobutis platycephala, and dark sleeper, Odontobutis odontobutis interrupta, which are all the Korean native fresh water fish, were separated by thin layer chromatography. column chromatography and HPLC. The separated carotenoid were then reduced and isomerized by NaBH₄ and I₂ respectively to investigate UV-Vis spectrophotometeric patterns and characterized by IR, ¹H-NMR and Mass spectrum. The content of total carotenoids in the integument of Korean dark sleeper was 3.01㎎% in April, but it was increased to 3.74㎎% in September at the near of spawning period. The carotenoid isolated in April consisted of β-carotene(25.6%), lutein(18.5%) and zeaxanthin(12.0%) as major carotenoids and also contained isocryptoxanthin, diatoxanthin, tunaxanthin, cynthiaxanthin, canthaxanthin and α-cryptoxanthin as minor carotenoids. Similarly, in September the carotenoid consisted of β-carotene(16.5%), zeaxanthin(13.7%) and cynthiaxanthin(13.6%) as major carotenoids and also contained lutein, isocryptoxanthin, tunaxanthin, α-cryptoxanthin, diatoxanthin and canthaxanthin as minor carotenoids. At the near of spawning period, the content of cynthiaxanthin and α-cryptoxanthin were increased. The content of total carotenoids in the integument of dark sleeper was 2.00㎎% in April but it was increased to 2.84㎎% in September at the near of spawning period. The carotenoid isolated in April and September consisted of β-carotene(24.9%, 27.5%), zeaxanthin(14.4%, 20.9%) and lutein(l2.6%, 11.4%) as major carotenoids and also contained cynthiaxanthin, tunaxanthin, diatoxanthin, isocryptoxanthin, α-cryptoxanthin and canthaxanthin as minor carotenoids. At the near of spawning period, the content of zeaxanthin was increased, indicating that the carotenoid composition were dependent upon their living conditions and their integument colors. Both Korean dark sleeper and dark sleeper contained high amount of cynthiaxanthin and diatoxanthin which are found as rare carotenoids in the other of fresh water fish. It is interest that they also contained tunaxanthin which is a specific carotenoid in marine fishes.