The economic development of colonial Korea

Jones UMI 1990 국내박사

The effect of applying active reading study strategies to varying text lengths on the lower-level comprehension of developmental reading students

Jones, Leslie Kimberling University of Houston 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Historically, a controversy concerning the need for developmental education in institutions of higher education has existed. The number of underprepared students applying to open admission institutions is on the rise nationally, resulting in a need to find effective means of bridging the gap between the substandard ability students enter with and the adequate ability necessary to succeed in college (Lesley, 1990; Weinstein, Dierking, Husman, Roska, and Powdrill, 1998). A need for quality research concerning best practices in developmental education has emerged (Weinstein, and others, 1998). Specifically, several researchers have emphasized the lack of research conducted with the use of lengthy text that represents the more realistic reading demands placed on college students (Flippo and Schumm, 2000; Peterson, 1992), the need for examining realistic study sessions in which students are allowed to self-select study strategies (Simpson and Nist, 2000; Snyder, 1985), and the need for assessments that reflect students' comprehension level of lengthy and more realistic reading (Flippo and Schumm, 2000; Valencia, Hiebert, and Afflerback, 1994). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of applying active reading study strategies to varying text lengths on the lower-level comprehension of developmental college reading students. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group research design with matching was used. Valid and reliable pretest and posttest instruments were designed as appropriate measurements of lower-level comprehension. Results obtained through an analysis of covariance using a one-tailed test of statistical significance yielded an F-ratio (3.70) that was statistically significant ( p = .030) and an effect size (d = +0.43) that was educationally significant. Therefore, the directional research hypothesis stating that the lower-level comprehension of developmental college reading students with practice applying active reading study strategies to college textbook chapters is statistically significantly higher than the lower-level comprehension of developmental college reading students with practice applying active reading study strategies to college level textbook excerpts was accepted. Results of this study are significant in that they extend the knowledge base of best practices in developmental reading.

Poor but not Deficient: The Storied Lives of Working-class English Teachers

Jones, Heidi Jo University of Minnesota 2013 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Guided by my own experiences as an English teacher from a working-class background, I sought what Vagle & Jones (2012) term "a social, autobiographic, and pedagogical project" (p. 318), to understand, through autobiographical stories, how middle school and high school working-class English teachers from rural, suburban and urban contexts came to be teachers of English. In addition, I was interested in how their home lives and social class background influenced their career choice and how the participants describe their upward mobility and class passing in terms of their personal and professional lives. This qualitative study uses a Vygotskian (1978) sociocultural framework focusing on the mediation of tools, or artifacts, as avenue for meaning-making, as well as Holland et al (2001) as an anchor for theorizing the shifting negotiations of identity and social class as figured worlds. An interview study with embedded comparative case studies, the data were analyzed using narrative inquiry (Clandinin & Connelly, 2000) and critical event narrative analysis (Webster & Mertova, 2007) to mine the stories of the participants. Findings show that although all participants experienced similar trajectories, or a series of critical and like events (Webster & Mertova, 2007) to the middle class profession of teaching, two participants' trajectories enacted spaces of resistance within these common elements. One participant self-authored her own path to teaching after several well-timed interventions by school-related adults, whom I call social class brokers, a meme of Brandt's (1988) literacy sponsors. In addition, another participant used the cultural artifact of books—which she had previous viewed as a form of recreation—to leverage her entry into the teaching profession. The study also explains how the participants called on their sedimented identities (Rowsell & Pahl, 2007) to inform their day-to-day interactions with students. These findings reveal a need for social class-sensitive pedagogy (Jones & Vagle, 2013) and a better understanding of the ways in which social class vacillates and implicitly permeates virtually all classroom interactions. Specifically, this study has implications for teacher educators who are interested in ways to provide space for teacher candidates to have deeper and richer examinations of their own classed experiences in order to create the same type of space for the teacher candidates' future K-12 students.

The relations of dyadic trust, sensation-seeking, and sexual imposition with sexual risk behaviors in young, urban women with primary and non-primary male partners

Jones, Rachel New York University 2002 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This cross sectional study explored the relations of dyadic trust, sensation seeking, and sexual imposition with young, urban women's HIV sexual risk behaviors with primary and non-primary male partners. The sample consisted of 257 women, aged 18 to 29, in public housing developments and other community settings in an HIV epicenter in the urban Northeast. The conceptual framework was the Science of Unitary Human Beings (Rogers, 1970, 1992) whereby women and their male partners are in a dynamic, mutual process with each other and the environment. A hierarchical regression analysis found that, along with use of drugs or alcohol before or during sex, these variables contributed 25% of the variance in sexual risk behaviors. The hypothesized relation of sexual imposition with HIV sexual risk was supported as the most important variable. Dyadic trust was a suppressor variable that was highly correlated with sexual imposition but not with sexual risk behaviors. In the presence of higher trust, the relation of sexual imposition to HIV sexual risk was higher. This finding indicated that the more women trusted their partners, the more they tolerated their partner's imposition of sex, and the greater their HIV sexual risk behaviors. Sensation seeking was weakly but significantly related to sexual risk behaviors. Drugs or alcohol use before or during sex was no longer significantly related to sexual risk behaviors when sensation seeking was in the equation. The Sensation Seeking Scale in Urban Women (Jones, 2001) was a contemporary, culture, and gender appropriate version of Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale (1979, 1994). The Women's Relative Sexual Risk Scale (Jones, 2001) measured young, urban women's unprotected vaginal, oral, and anal intercourse with male partners they were unsure or perceived to have engaged in sex with other women, with men, or injected drugs. Sexual imposition involved emotional, psychological, and rarely, physical pressures to have sex and not use condoms. These manifest traditional gender expectations that women “should” sexually satisfy their male partner. The Dyadic Trust Scale (Larzelere & Huston, 1980) measured relationship trust. All instruments demonstrated acceptable internal reliability. Audio Computer Assisted Self-Interview and mobile computing enhanced privacy during on-site data collection.

Reimagining Reading Motivation as a Collective, Critical Endeavor: Centering the Perspectives of Black Girl Readers

Jones, Sara Ann Vanderbilt University ProQuest Dissertations & The 2022 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

The first manuscript, “Measuring Reading Motivation: A Cautionary Tale” (Jones, 2020) is a mixed-methods study of Black girls’ reading motivation while engaging in a summer reading program grounded in the Black Girls’ Literacies Framework (BGLF; Muhammad & Haddix, 2016). This manuscript serves as the catalyst for this line of research by describing a misalignment between how reading motivation was captured on a commonly used survey instrument and how this group of Black girls enacted reading motivation in the classroom.The second manuscript, “Turning Away from Anti-Blackness: A Critical Review of Adolescent Reading Motivation Research” (Jones, 2022), is a systematic review of the adolescent reading motivation literature that employs Critical Race Theory (CRT; DeCuir & Dixson, 2004; Dixson & Rousseau Anderson, 2018; Ladson-Billings & Tate, 1995) to analyze researchers’ inclusion of race in conceptualizing and operationalizing adolescent reading motivation. This manuscript builds on the work of the first by taking a broad, yet critical, view of the study of adolescent reading motivation to investigate how the observed misalignment came to be. Manuscript two also serves to locate the problem in the study of reading motivation itself, rather than in readers.The final manuscript, “Being a Community With Reading: Black Girls’ Collective Reading Motivation” (Jones, in preparation) is a qualitative study that aims to identify trends in how Black girls describe and enact reading motivation during a summer reading program. Theoretically rooted in Black Girlhood Studies (BGS; Halliday, 2019), this study is designed to center the voices and perspectives of the participants throughout the study design. Artifact-elicited small group interviews bring forth the perspectives of these Black girl readers, while observational data shows how their perspectives are enacted in a classroom setting. This study offers an initial exploration into the generation of an emergent theory of adolescent reading motivation that centers Black girl readers, moving the work of the previous manuscripts forward towards mapping a race-reimaged adolescent reading motivation construct.Collectively, these three manuscripts identify a problem of both research and practice, investigate the theoretical and empirical roots of this problem, and offer an initial exploration towards a more responsive and humanizing alternative. This research aims to build the field’s understanding of how adolescent reading motivation can be reconceptualized to better reflect the reading motivations of Black girls. The work is timely and significant. The first manuscript highlights how Black girls can be inaccurately labeled as unmotivated readers because of a flawed conceptualization of reading motivation that centers white, middle-class norms, as described in the second manuscript. By centering Black girls’ perceptions and enactments of reading motivation, the final manuscript takes a much-needed step towards developing a broader, more culturally sustaining conceptualization of reading motivation which can then be used by researchers and classroom teachers to explore the relationships between instruction, reading motivation, and reading outcomes in a way that is responsive to all students.

Decision-making variances: Creating deferred maintenance solutions using the paradigm of sustainable design

Jones-Crabtree, Anna Jean Georgia Institute of Technology 2001 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Facilities under management of public sector organizations are suffering from maintenance backlogs estimated to be on the order of billions of dollars. Solutions to this maintenance backlog problem have emphasized methods for obtaining large scale funding or increased use of maintenance management systems allowing for better planning and tracking of maintenance problems. These approaches do not address project-level Facility Manger decisions during the analysis, generation, evaluation and selection of a design solution to a specific maintenance problem. Three literal replication case studies were completed on conventional facility manager's design decisions. Results indicated the conventional decision process was highly informal with an important temporal aspect. Sustainable design was identified as an alternative method of decision-making to the conventional paradigm. A methodology was developed for identification of sustainable design champions in the field of facilities management. Two additional literal replication case studies were completed on facility mangers identified as sustainable design champions. The sustainer decision process was determined to depend heavily on the analysis, generation and evaluation phases. Similarities and differences were identified between the conventional and sustainable decision methodologies for the overall decision process as well as the phases of analysis, generation, evaluation and selection. Results indicated more similarities then differences between the two methodologies. Findings for each decision making phase (analysis, generation, evaluation and, selection) are discussed and future research opportunities are identified.

The Tinsley case decision

Jones, Bayinaah R The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2006 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

What is the collective action necessary to overcome educational inequality? And was educational inequality overcome through legalized school desegregation? These are the questions that drive the following study. This study looks closely at the community impact from a specific school desegregation case decided in 1986 in Northern California. Through a court order, local school districts were directed to allow a small portion of African American and white students to transfer voluntarily to neighboring school districts outside of their assigned boundaries in order to create racial balance, thereby improving educational achievement for African American students. The program, known as the Tinsley Voluntary Transfer program is in existence today. Here, the researcher begins unpacking the meaning of school desegregation and its impact in a local context. This study grounded in critical race theory also suggests a need to reassess outcomes and conclusions from 52 years of legalized school desegregation cases. The gap in educational achievement between African Americans and whites participating in the voluntary transfer program and African Americans and whites not participating in the voluntary transfer program persists at virtually the same statistical average in both settings. While results from the study do indicate individual African American students who participate in the program show improvement over African American students who do not participate in the program, there is overwhelming evidence that no marked improvement in the collective educational achievement of African American students vis-a-vis white students came as a result of the Tinsley case.

Transition and main group metals applied to oxidative functionalization of methane and use as high oxygen carriers for rocket propellants

Jones, CJ Bigler University of Southern California 2007 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This dissertation describes the use of strongly acidic solvents, such as concentrated sulfuric acid, with homogeneous catalysts, such as palladium and gold salts, for the activation and functionalization of methane; and the design, synthesis, and study of ruthenium and osmium complexes in a nitrogen and oxygen ligand environment intended for the low temperature, selective, activation and conversion of methane into oxidatively functionalized products, such as methanol. Also, the principle of using polynitratoaluminate anions, specifically tetranitratoaluminate, as a high oxygen carrier for oxidizer balanced energetic ionic liquids is demonstrated. The structure and properties of other salts of the polynitratoaluminate anions are given. Chapter 2 highlights the use of homogeneous Pd(II) sulfate in concentrated sulfuric acid solution for the direct, selective, oxidative condensation of two methane molecules to acetic acid at 180°C. Chapter 3 focuses on the uses of gold salts for the low temperature conversion of methane to oxidized methyl products, such as methyl bisulfate. Chapter 4 describes the synthesis and characterization of ruthenium and osmium in a nitrogen and oxygen ligand environment. Chapter 5 describes the use of the tetranitratoaluminate anion for oxidizer balanced energetic ionic liquids. Chapter 6 describes the synthesis and characterization of tetramethylammonium and cesium salts of tetranitratoaluminate, pentanitratoaluminate, and hexanitratoaluminate anions.

MODELING OF METAL DELIVERY SYSTEMS USED IN ELECTROMAGNETIC AND DIRECT CHILL SEMI-CONTINUOUS CASTING OF ALUMINUM

JONES, WILLIAM KINZY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY 1999 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

The flow of liquid metal in the upper region of an EM (electromagnetic) or DC (direct chill) caster significantly contributes to the solidification behavior and subsequently the final ingot properties (e.g., average grain size and macrosegregation). The characterization of such a flow is a complicated task due to the high operating temperatures and the inherent opacity of the metal. However, as the demand for improved quality and reduced operational costs continues, understanding the mechanics of the flow becomes increasingly important. Hazardous, and often catastrophic, casting defects, such as hot cracks and tears, have been linked to non-uniformities in the solidification front that occur due to improper flow in the liquid pool. A novel technique to measure the flow, using particle imaging velocimetry (PIV), has been incorporated into a laboratory scale physical model of an aluminum caster. The instantaneous vector plots reveal valuable information regarding the turbulent nature and the intrinsic flow oscillations. However, time-averaged vector plots (TAV), obtained by ensemble averaging instantaneous plots, detail information regarding the average features of the flow. The results show that the method of metal delivery into the ingot significantly effected the flow patterns observed. Computational studies of the model geometry reproduce the same flow profiles adding to the validity of the PIV method. Based on the information obtained through physical modeling, an experimental campaign, on production size ingots, was conducted to determine the influence of the liquid pool velocities on the sump profile. Furthermore, a 3D coupled fluid flow-solidification finite element model was developed as a tool to predict the fluid flow/solid front interaction in an attempt to anticipate non-uniformities in the solid. The study has shown that the method of metal delivery into the mold, the upper region where solidification initiates, is critical in determining the flow of liquid metal and subsequently the sump profile in the ingot. By understanding the connection between delivery system and flow, informed decisions could be made regarding operational procedures.

Computational Chemistry: Investigations of Protein-Protein Interactions and Post-Translational Modifications to Peptides

Jones, Michael R Michigan State University ProQuest Dissertations & 2017 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Computational chemistry plays a vital role in understanding chemical and physical processes and has been useful in advancing the understanding of reactions in biology. Improper signaling of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway plays a critical role in many inflammatory disease states, including cancer, stroke, and viral infections. Aberrant regulation of this pathway happens upon the signal-induced degradation of the inhibitor of kappaB (IkappaB) proteins. The activation of IkappaB kinase (IKK) subunit beta (IKKbeta) or NF-kappaB Inducing Kinase (NIK), initiates this cascade of events. Understanding the structure-property relationships associated with IKKbeta and NIK is essential for the development of prevention strategies. Although the signaling pathways are known, how the molecular mechanisms respond to changes in the intracellular microenvironment (i.e., pH, ionic strength, temperature) remains elusive. In this dissertation, computer simulation and modeling techniques were used investigate two protein kinases complexed with either small molecule activators or inhibitors in the active, inactive, and mutant states to correlate structure-property and structure-function relationships as a function of intracellular ionic strength. Additionally, radical-induced protein fragmentation pathways, as a result of reactions with reactive oxygen species, were investigated to yield insight into the thermodynamic preference of the fragmentation mechanisms. Analyses of the relationship between structure-activity and conformational-activity indicate that the protein-protein interactions and the binding of small molecules are sensitive to changes in the ionic strength and that there are several factors that influence the selectivity of peptide backbone cleavage. As there are many computational approaches for predicting physical and chemical properties, several methods were considered for the predictions of protein-protein dissociation, protein backbone fragmentation, and partition coefficients of drug-like molecules.