Exploring the social and economic influence made by the national special grant program among women with disabilities In Mayuge district, Uganda

Kaitesi, Prosy Patience Graduate School of Government, Business and Entrep 2022 국내석사

Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) can, and want to be productive members of the society. However, many especially those in developing countries including Uganda in particular, represent a vast number of untapped sources of human capital due to various challenges they face as well as due to lack of policies and programs that could empower them to be productive. However, in responding to challenges faced by PWDs, Uganda and her international partners has made some progress by putting in place some policies and programs aimed at promoting gender equality and economic empowerment among PWDs. Notable among these programs is the Special Grant Program for PWDs. Since the inception of this intervention program, very few empirical studies have paid attention to its influence on PWDs. This current study therefore, explored the social and economic changes made by the SGP among women with disabilities in Mayuge District, which was one of the beneficiary districts in Uganda. The study specifically; (1) examined how women with disabilities in Mayuge District participated in social and economic activities as a result of receiving special grants. (2) Established the contribution of the Special Grant towards utilization of social and economic services by Women with Disabilities in Mayuge District and (3) assessed the role of the Special Grant towards the status of Women with Disabilities within decision-making processes in Mayuge District. The study employed a qualitative approach and obtained relevant information from forty-eight (48) women with disabilities who were the beneficiaries of the SGP. The study found that, PWDs have been empowered to provide for their families, and brought closer to the decision-making structures. It has helped them in starting income generating activities through the funded small scale startups, and therefore improved their standards of living and raised awareness and self-esteem. However, the findings also indicated that more is still expected from this special grant as far as the social lives of PWDs are concerned. This is because many women are still being sidelined in taking part in decision making especially those with severe categories of disabilities, since there is no policy that ensures full participation of women with disabilities in the special grant. Also women who are not in groups are not catered for in special grants as grants can only be awarded to groups not on individual basis. There is also lack of transparency and funds are also not adequate to support all PWDs in groups in the different sub counties. It was also found that many women with disabilities face many challenges in the process of accessing the grant. For instance, many PDWs lack of registration fees and money for other requirements needed on joining groups, long distances to registration centers as those with severe disabilities cannot move far, discrimination and bureaucracy in grant awarding, one cannot be certainty of getting grant after applying, lack of transparency, inadequate funds. Lastly, most women are not supported by their spouses which makes it difficult to join the special grant group. Based on the findings, the following recommendations were put forward; the group leaders should establish a vibrant network of beneficiaries and engage them to discuss challenges and how to create awareness on importance of women self-reliance, confidence and making them active citizens and partners in the development process. There is still a critical need to pay attention to increasing women’s capabilities and income generating capacities, and to the gender dynamics within the households in order to promote more sustainable positive outcomes from this program. The study also recommends partnerships among different disability groups to help facilitate their businesses however, the implementing ministry should also offer more customized trainings that are specific to each disability group to help them diversify and grow their businesses and above all, the public needs to be sensitized on the need to support disabled women, and also erase misconceptions associated with products from women with disability in order to promote meaningful investment of the special grant by beneficiaries. There is need of challenging the structural issues underlying disability/ gender along with provision of the grant in order to enhance the women with disability’s capacity to exercise their potential with respect to wider and important aspects of their lives, particularly their status as citizens and their abilities to challenge social injustices. 장애인(PWD)은 사회의 생산적인 구성원이 될 수 있고 또 그렇게 되길 원한다. 그러나 특히 우간다를 포함한 개발 도상국의 많은 장애인들은 그들에게 생산력을 부여할 수 있는 정책과 프로그램의 부족뿐만 아니라 그들이 직면한 다양한 도전으로 인해 아직 손대지 않은 방대한 인적 자본의 원천을 대표하고 있다. 그러나 장애인이 직면한 문제에 대응하기 위해 우간다와 그 국제 파트너는 양성 평등과 장애인의 경제적 권한 강화를 목표로 하는 몇 가지 정책과 프로그램을 시행함으로써 어느 정도 진전을 이루었다. 이러한 프로그램 중 주목할만한 것은 장애인을 위한 특별 보조금 프로그램이다. 이 지원 프로그램이 시작된 이후로 장애인에 대한 영향에 주목한 경험적 연구는 거의 없었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 우간다의 수혜지역 중 하나인 마유게 지역의 장애여성들을 대상으로 SGP 에 의한 사회경제적 변화를 살펴보았다. 구체적으로 (1) 마유게 지역의 장애여성들이 특별교부금을 받은 결과 어떻게 사회경제적 활동에 참여하는지를 살펴보았고, (2) 마유게 지역에서 여성 장애인의 사회 경제적 서비스 이용을 위한 특별 보조금의 기여도를 입증하고 (3) 마유게 지역 의사 결정 과정에서 여성 장애인의 지위에 대한 특별 보조금의 역할을 평가했다. 이 연구는 질적 접근 방식을 사용하고 SGP 의 수혜자인 장애 여성 48 명으로부터 관련 정보를 수집했다. 연구에 따르면 장애인은 가족을 부양할 수 있는 권한이 부여되었으며 의사 결정 구조에 더 가까워졌다. 자금을 지원받은 소규모 스타트업을 통해 소득 창출 활동을 시작하는 데 도움을 주어 생활 수준을 높이고 자의식과 자존감을 높였다. 그러나 연구 결과에 따르면 장애인의 사회생활에 관한 한 이 특별 보조금으로부터 여전히 더 많은 것이 요구되어 진다. 장애여성의 특별보조금에 대한 완전한 참여를 보장하는 정책이 없기 때문에 많은 여성들, 특히 심각한 장애 범주를 가진 사람들이 의사결정에 여전히 참여하지 못하고 있기 때문이다. 또한 단체에 속하지 않은 여성은 특별 보조금을 받을 수 없다. 보조금은 개별 기준이 아닌 단체에만 수여될 수 있기 때문이다. 또한 투명성이 부족하고 자금이 다른 하위 자치지역의 단체에 속한 모든 장애인을 지원하기에 충분하지 않다. 또한 많은 장애 여성이 보조금에 접근하는 과정에서 많은 어려움에 직면하는 것으로 나타났다. 예를 들어, 많은 장애인은 단체 가입에 필요한 기타 요구 사항에 대한 등록비 및 자금 부족, 중증 장애인이 멀리 이동할 수 없기 때문에 등록 센터까지의 장거리, 보조금 수여에 대한 차별 및 관료주의, 신청 후 보조금을 받을지 확신할 수 없음, 투명성 부족, 불충분한 자금. 마지막으로, 대부분의 여성들은 배우자의 부양을 받지 못하여 특별보조금 단체에 가입하기 어렵다. 결과를 바탕으로 다음과 같은 권장 사항이 제시되었다. 단체의 지도자는 수혜자들로 구성된 활기찬 네트워크를 구축하고 여성의 자립과 자신감의 중요성에 대한 인식을 제고하고 개발 과정에서 적극적인 시민 및 파트너가 되도록 하는 방법과 도전에 대해 논의하기 위해 그들을 참여시켜야 한다. 이 프로그램에서 보다 지속 가능한 긍정적인 결과를 촉진하기 위해서는 여성의 능력 및 소득 창출 능력 향상, 그리고 가정 내 성별 역동성에 주의를 기울일 필요가 여전히 있다. 이 연구는 또한 비즈니스를 촉진하는 데 도움이 되도록 다양한 장애단체간의 파트너십을 권장하지만, 시행 부처는 또한 비즈니스를 다양화하고 성장시킬 수 있도록 각 장애단체에 고유한 맞춤형 교육을 제공해야 하며, 무엇보다도 대중들이 장애여성 지원의 필요성에 민감해야 하고, 수혜자의 특별 보조금의 의미 있는 투자를 촉진하기 위해 장애 여성 제품과 관련된 오해를 없애야 한다. 장애 여성이 삶의 더 넓고 중요한 측면, 특히 시민으로서의 지위와 사회적 불의에 도전하는 능력과 관련하여 잠재력을 행사할 수 있는 능력을 향상시키기 위해 보조금 제공과 장애/성별의 구조적 문제에 도전할 필요가 있다.

Career Opportunities for Women with Disabilities in West Java Province, Indonesia

Sari, Mardhiah 이화여자대학교 국제대학원 2024 국내석사

There are more than 7.9 million women with disabilities working age population in Indonesia, with the highest working-age population being in West Java Province at 1.2 million or 55.21%. Unfortunately, only 417,000, or 33.12% of women with disabilities, are included in the workforce in West Java Province (Ministry of Manpower internal data 2022). Women with disabilities have the lowest employment rates among men with disabilities and non-disabled women in the same age group. Indonesia has tried to fulfill the right to decent work for people with disabilities; this commitment is contained in Law Number 8 of 2016 concerning persons with disabilities and nine derivative regulations. However, these efforts still have not shown significant results. This study aims to find barriers regarding the employment participation of women with disabilities and provide policy recommendations for job opportunity expansion. The study method is qualitative through in-depth interviews, survey analysis, and key informants based on purposive or judgmental sampling techniques. The study found that the barriers to women with disability are 1) job vacancies in many companies that still require "Physical Health," 2) scarcity of job opportunities, and 3) women with disabilities do not have the appropriate education. This barrier makes women with disabilities only occupy job positions in the informal sector by becoming entrepreneurs in the field of food and beverage because it is considered the easiest and with a small capital. Understanding of the needs of people with disabilities is also not holistic; supporting facilities or facilities and infrastructure are not yet disability-friendly; it has been demonstrated that physical disabilities face a high number of barriers, but speech sensory disabilities, deaf sensory disabilities, mental disabilities, and visual disabilities face a lack of obstacles. Based on the result of the study, our main policy recommendation is government agencies must restructure, implement, monitor, and evaluate a disability-inclusive employment policy. 인도네시아의 노동 연령 여성 장애인 인구는 790만 명 이상이며, 노동 연령 인구가 가장 높은 곳은 서부 자바 주로120만 명(55.21%) 으 로 가장 많다. 그러나 안타깝게도 서부 자바 주의 여성 장애인 417,000명(33.12%)만이 노동 인구에 포함되어 있다. 여성 장애인은 같은 연령대의 남성 장애인과 여성 비장애인 중 고용률이 가장 낮다. 인도네시아는 실제로 장애인을 위한 양질의 일자리에 대한 권리를 실현하기 위해 노력해 왔으며, 이러한 약속은 장애인에 관한 2016년 법률 제8호와 9개의 파생 규정에 포함되어 있다. 그러나 이러한 노력은 여전히 유의미한 성과를 거두지 못하고 있다. 본 연구는 여성 장애인의 노동 참여에 관한 장벽을 찾고 취업 기회 확장을 위한 정책 제언을 목적으로 한다. 연구 방법은 심층 인터뷰, 설문 분석, 유의추출 또는 판단추출 기법을 활용한 주요 피조사자를 통한 정성적 방식을 사용한다. 본 연구는 여성 장애인의 취업을 제한하는 장벽은 1) 여전히 "신체적 건강"을 요구하는 많은 회사의 고용조건, 2) 일자리 부족, 3) 적절한 교육의 부족이라는 것을 발견했다. 이러한 장벽은 여성 장애인이 쉽고 적은 자본으로 가능한 식음료 분야의 사업가가 됨으로써 비공식 부문의 일자리만 차지하도록 한다. 또한, 장애인의 필요에 대한 이해는 종합적이지 않으며, 지원 시설 및 인프라가 아직 장애인 친화적이지 않다. 본 연구의 결과를 기반으로 하여 정부 기관에 장애 포용적 고용정책 재구성, 시행, 모니터링 및 평가를 제언한다.

Disability and Sensibility: Reading Trends in Nineteenth-Century Women's Novels (1815-1890)

Brusher, Elyse University of California, Los Angeles ProQuest Dis 2023 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation explores the evolution of the representation of physical and mental disability in novels written by French women over the course of the nineteenth century. In this study, I analyze how women authors engage with their precarious status, one that had historically resulted in their relegation to the sentimental genre and the exclusion of their work from consideration as serious texts. The sentimental genre embodies the often-contradictory predicament of women authors: as a potential agent of social upheaval and source of toxic feminine sensibility but also as a frivolous supply of entertainment for bourgeois women. It thus serves as a vector through which women authors engaged with shifting medical and philosophical discourses that asserted theirs and disabled individuals' inferiority, and that this is effected through their depictions of disabled individuals. I examine this through the following research questions: How did nineteenth-century French women novelists write about disability? How did they select the disability they wrote about and why did they choose it? How did the type of disability chosen shape and inform the narrative structure of their novels?At the intersection of Literary, Gender, and Disability studies, my dissertation employs a variety of theoretical frameworks to trace the evolving dynamics of French female authorship as they are mediated through nineteenth-century sentimental novels featuring physically and/or mentally 'abnormal' protagonists. I analyze a sampling of novels that best exemplify this phenomenon to identify and study three trends in the type of disability represented in them that occurred over the course of the century: 1). Invisible physical disability; 2). Visible physical defect in women; 3). Neurosis. I contend that French women authors chose disabilities around which they could construct a compelling narrative that would at times transgress conventions of the sentimental genre and conventional representations of gender dynamics therein. While discussions of women-authored sentimental novels preoccupy many scholars (Cohen 1999, Bertrand-Jennings 2005, Louichon 2009, Wang 2011), my dissertation targets the subgenre that emerged when relegated authors (nineteenth-century French women) wrote about relegated people (disabled individuals) in a relegated genre (the sentimental genre) and how it changes over time.

Perinatal Experiences of Childbearing Women with Physical Disabilities

Nthenge, Serah M ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Villanova Universi 2019 해외박사(DDOD)

Purpose: The aim of this secondary qualitative analysis was two-fold: to explore perinatal experiences of 22 women with physical disabilities guided by the perinatal health framework of women with physical disabilities and; construct two perinatal life stories of childbearing women with physical disabilities. Method: The study participants were 22 women with physical disabilities who, at the time of pregnancy, used a mobility device, and had given birth within the last 10 years. The principal investigator of the primary study interviewed all the participants. Findings: Nine themes were identified in our study. All the participants reported both a lack of disability-specific perinatal information and healthcare providers with the clinical skills and training to provide perinatal care to women with physical disabilities. Self-advocacy was a key finding in this study. Participants had to advocate for themselves to find perinatal information from other women with physical disabilities who had children or rely on the Internet. Women reported inaccessible examination tables and weight scales, which compromised their perinatal care. The themes identified in this study were consistent with the perinatal health framework for women with physical disabilities. Conclusions: The Study's findings suggest that ongoing efforts to address the perinatal needs of childbearing women with physical disabilities are required. Institutions that educate healthcare providers need to incorporate disability-related content in their curricula to educate nurses and physicians about the perinatal needs of women with physical disabilities. The voices and experiences of childbearing women with physical disabilities are necessary to inform evidence-based practice and policy.

여성장애인 프로그램 개발에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구 : 장애인복지관 종사자의 성 평등의식을 중심으로

최지선 연세대학교 행정대학원 2003 국내석사

본 논문은 장애인복지관의 여성장애인 프로그램을 개발하는데 영향을 미치는 요인을 종사자의 성 평등의식을 중심으로 조사하여 향후 여성장애인 프로그램의 활성화를 위한 방안을 제시하고자 한 연구이다. 연구방법은 문헌연구와 설문조사 연구를 실시하였으며 문헌조사는 여성장애인관련 선행연구와 성차별이론, 장애차별이론, 성 평등의식의 개념과 측정과 관련하여 조사하였다. 설문조사는 종사자의 성 평등의식을 측정하고 장애인복지관의 여성장애인프로그램 운영 전반과 여성관련기관과의 협력체계 구축에 대한 의견을 조사하기 위한 것이었으며 서울 및 경기도소재 18개 장애인복지관 재직자 316명을 대상으로 하였다. 먼저 종사자의 성 평등의식을 측정하기 위하여 가정생활, 교육생활, 직업생활, 사회문화생활영역으로 나누어 각 8문항씩 총 32문항을 제시하였는데 이는 한국남녀평등의식검사도구(김양희,1999)를 차용하여 개발한 것이다. 각 문항별로 기본적인 통계값을 정리하고 특히 성 평등의식 점수가 낮게나온 항목을 찾아 제시하였다. 또 종사자의 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 성평등의식 현황을 분석하였는데 결혼여부와 가족중 장애인 유무, 근무경력에 따라서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 여성장애인관련 프로그램에 대하여는 프로그램의 수와 질의 충분성, 특화프로그램 개발 의사, 비장애여성과 통합 실시 가능한 프로그램, 향후 하위프로그램 개발 및 강화 필요성이 높은 프로그램, 애로사항, 활성화를 위한 전제조건, 개발방법, 운영주체, 슈퍼비전의 충분성 등에 대하여 조사하였다. 본 연구의 조사결과에 따르면 장애인복지관의 여성장애인 프로그램은 아직까지 수적으로 부족하나 정작 프로그램 운영시는 여성장애인의 참여가 저조하기 때문에 어려움을 겪고 있으며 여성장애인의 이용 활성화를 위해서는 이들의 생계문제 해결이 우선과제라고 보았다. 또한 여성장애인 프로그램 운영을 담당자가 직접 수행하고 있지만 이에대한 수퍼비전은 부족한 상태이며 이중 취미교실, 문화체험, 여행, 정보화교육 등은 비장애여성과 통합 실시하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단하고 있다. 특히 중요한 결과로는 성 평등의식이 높은 종사자일수록 ‘여성장애인의 의식향상교육’, ‘자조모임조직화 및 지원’, ‘여성장애인 자활지원’ 프로그램이 개발 및 강화될 필요성이 높다고 보고 있다는 것이다. 또 여성장애인의 새로운 프로그램의 개발방법으로는 지역 내 여성관련기관과 공동 개발이 중요하며 향후 여성사회교육기관 등 여성관련기관과의 협력체계를 강화해야 한다고 보고 있다. 복지관 자체 평가나 감독기관의 평가시에도 이용자의 성(gender)에 대한고려가 반영되어야 한다고 보고 있으며 여성장애인 프로그램의 활성화를 위해서 정부에서 시급하게 해야 할 일은 프로그램 예산지원이라고 밝혀졌다. 결론적으로 성 평등의식과 여성장애인 프로그램 개발영역과의 상관관계를 검증함으로써 성 평등의식이 여성장애인 프로그램 개발에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요인이라는 것을 밝혀낸 것이 본 연구의 중요한 결과물이라 할 수 있다. This study is to locate factors which affect the development program for women with disabilities in the community rehabilitation center. Emphasis has been placed on testing the hypothesis 'workers' gender egalitarianism, which affects the program which is in the need of development and strengthening. Also the study of 'examined workers' opinions in regard to the activation of the program for women with disabilities. That which was revealed was a dual discrimination for women with disabilities by inquiring studies precedent and summarized the situation and needs of women with disabilities in South Korea. The survey was conducted between November-December, 2002. Three hundred and sixteen workers from nineteen community rehabilitation centers in Seoul and the surrounding area of Gyeonggii-do participated. Instruments used for this study of gender egalitarianism of the disabled scale for workers' in the community rehabilitation center was modified by research, which was originally, KGES (Korean Gender Egalitarianism Scale) developed by Kim,Yang Hee. Completed questionnaires collected were processed and analyzed using two methods; simple replies were added up and assessed in comparison with the average allowance of standard variation. Questionnaires replied with priority were processed with added concern according to value. The analyzing method applied in the verification of the hypothesis took the Pearsons Correlation to verify any relations, as well as the differences between sex and age which were valued by T-test and the analysis of the differences among three variables were processed using One way-ANOVA. The analysis results produced from this study are summarized as follows: First, married workers received good scores in the gender egalitarianism scale. Also family members of the disabled or lesser career-oriented workers received good scores. Second, it is shown through the analysis that there are several relations between gender egalitarianism and program type and is in the need of development and strengthening. The higher scores are given more consideration to the program for raising women's with disability consciousness, self-help groups and independent living. Third, this study suggests that it is more desirable to execute integrated programs rather than programs for women-only with disabilities in lectures on the arts, cultural experience, travel and computer education. Forth, the survey shows that it is essential to build a mutual co-operation system between rehabilitation organization and a training agency for women. And finally, it is necessary to develop the systematic training program to improve workers' gender egalitarianism. The government has a need to produce gender perspective, and promote scientific research in all areas regarding this issue and the actual conditions which now exist.

문화·예술활동의 참여에 의한 여성장애인의 자아존중감 변화에 관한 연구

박현주 서울시립대학교 대학원 2009 국내석사

여성장애인의 사회참여가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

류시문 연세대학교 행정대학원 2003 국내석사

본 연구는 한국사회에서의 여성장애인이 여성과 장애라는 특성으로 인해 이중적인 차별과 소외를 경험하고 있으며, 이에 따라 사회참여에 대한 기회가 제한되어왔다는 점에 주목하여 여성장애인에 대한 사회통합을 증진하는 정책 및 제도의 모색에 대한 필요성을 제기하기 위해 수행되었다. 따라서, 본 연구는 여성장애인의 사회참여수준과 삶의 질 수준을 측정하고, 이를 통해 여성장애인의 사회참여수준이 삶의 질에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 분석함으로써 여성장애인의 삶의 질을 향상시키기 위한 정책적 함의를 제시하는 것을 연구목표로 설정하였다. 연구대상은 서울·경기지역 장애인고용 사업체 15개를 대상으로 여성장애인 211명에 대한 설문을 확보하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과는 여성장애인의 (1) 사회참여와 (2) 삶의 질, 그리고 (3) 사회참여수준이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향의 세 가지 측면에서 다음과 같이 제시하였다. 첫째, 여성장애인의 사회참여는 사회참여유형에 따라 경제활동과 종교활동, 학습활동, 사회봉사활동의 4개영역으로 구분하여 각각에 대한 참여여부와 참여시간·빈도·기간 등에 대해 측정하였다. 연구대상 총 211명 중 경제활동에 89.0%, 종교활동 72.1%, 학습활동 42.2%, 사회봉사활동 22.3%가 참여하고 있는 것으로 조사되었으며, 주당 평균활동시간은 경제활동 40.98시간, 종교활동 2.67시간, 학습활동 2.84시간, 사회봉사활동 2.53시간인 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 사회참여유형과 참여시간을 기초로 각 유형별 활동시간의 분포를 고려하여 사회참여지수를 도출함으로써 회귀분석에 투입하였다. 둘째, 여성장애인의 삶의 질에 대한 평가는 삶의 질을 (1) 전반적 영역과 (2) 신체적 영역, (3) 정서적 영역, (4) 경제적 영역, (5) 자아존중감 영역, (6) 대인관계영역으로 구분하여 평가하였으며, 이를 각 사회활동참여자들의 유형별로 삶의 질 수준을 비교하였다. 분석결과, 경제활동은 취업활동, 종교활동은 기독교, 학습활동은 학교교육 참가자의 삶의 질 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 사회봉사활동의 경우 참여자의 삶의 질 수준이 더 높게 나타나지는 않았다. 셋째, 여성장애인의 사회참여가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 인과모델을 설정하였는데, 독립변수인 사회참여는 각 활동유형별 (1) 사회참여여부와 (2) 사회참여활동시간, 그리고 이를 종합한 (3) 사회참여지수를 각각 독립변수로 설정하여 세 가지 회귀모델을 제시하였다. 각 활동유형별 사회참여여부를 독립변수로 사용한 모델에서는 경제활동에 참여한 경우에만 삶의 질 수준이 유의미하게 향상되는 것으로 분석되었으며, 각 활동유형별 사회참여활동시간이 독립변수인 경우, 경제활동시간과 종교활동시간, 사회봉사활동시간이 증가할수록 삶의 질의 측정값이 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 끝으로, 사회참여지수를 독립변수로 사용한 모델에서는 사회참여활동유형별 활동시간을 지수화하여 합산한 사회참여지수의 값이 클수록 삶의 질 수준이 유의미하게 향상되는 것으로 제시되었다. 결국 회귀분석결과, 여성장애인의 삶의 질에 미치는 주요요인으로 경제활동과 관련된 변수들이 유의미한 영향력을 나타내는 것으로 분석되었는데, 특히 경제활동참여여부나 직종, 근로소득 등과 같은 경제활동 관련변수들의 영향력이 여성장애인의 인구사회학적 특성이나 교육, 복지제도 및 서비스이용 등의 변수들에 비해 유의미하게 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 결국 여성장애인의 삶의 질을 결정하는데 있어서 경제적 특성이 주요 영향요인인 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서, 여성장애인의 삶의 질을 향상시키기 위해서는 취업 및 직업훈련 등 적극적인 경제활동을 유도하기 위한 다양한 정책적 노력이 선행되어야 하며, 장애인 정책과 제도수립과정에서 장애인의 사회통합적 접근이 필요함을 제시하였다. 특히 여성장애인의 노동시장진입을 위한 취업알선과 직업훈련, 취업정보제공, 창업지원, 고용유지를 위한 임금보조정책, 자활훈련기관 양성 등의 적극적 노동시장 정책으로의 전환을 정책적 대안으로 제시하였다. This study focuses on the fact that Korean women with disabilities have experienced additional discrimination and social exclusion due to their gender and disability. In this social context, their opportunity to participate in social activities has been restricted and their quality of life has also been threatened. This study, therefore, is to present policy implications for improving social participation and quality of life of women with disabilities by examining the relationship between them. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of social participation on quality of life among women with disabilities. Social participation and quality of life have been measured by survey questionnaires. These were collected from 211 women with disabilities who had been employed in 15 companies in Seoul and Gyeong-ki region. The main results from this study are the following. First, the concept of social participation was consisted of four parts, which were economy, religion, learning, and social volunteer activities. To evaluate the individual participation level, the average time per week, the frequency per month, and the total duration for each activity were measured. Among the total 211 study samples, 89.0% participate in economy activity, 72.1% in religion activity, 42.2% in learning activity, and 22.3% in social volunteer activity. The average time per week is 40.98 hours in economy activity, 2.67 hours in religion activity, 2.84 hours in learning activity, and 2.53 hours in social volunteer activity. According to these measurement results, the Social Participation Index was produced by summing up the adjusted time for each activity, which was calculated by equalizing the statistical distribution for each activity time. This index was used in the third regression model as a dependent variable. Second, the evaluation of quality of life was performed for 6 sub-sections, which were general life satisfaction, physical function, emotional state, economic condition, self-esteem value, and personal relationship level. According to the measurement of quality of life, the group in employment has higher point than that of other group in job-seeking or unemployed state. The group in Christian activities and the group in school education programs have relatively higher life satisfaction level than that of other group. Third, the multiple regression models were used to analyze the causal relation between social participation and quality of life. In these models, the dependent variable is the value of quality of life. The independent variables are consisted of whether one participates in each activity, the average time for each activity, and the Social Participation Index, therefore, the three regression equations were made to input each independent variable. The first model shows that the participation in economy activity has significantly positive effects on quality of life. The second model presents that the more time an individual spends to economy, religion, and social volunteer activities, the higher level of quality of life she has. The third model reports that the level of quality of life significantly improves when the value of the Social Participation Index increases. Consequently, these results insists that the economic variables of women with disabilities be major factors which can strongly effect on their quality of life. Especially, the economic factors like employment state, occupational categories, and earned income have more significant effects on quality of life than demographic factors, education level, or welfare benefits. For improving quality of life of women with disabilities, therefore, it needs to develop various labor policies, which can promote their economy activities, like affirmative actions which guarantee employment opportunity, job training programs, and other supporting systems. With these strategies, the macro approach for the social integration of women with disabilities is required in the whole process of establishing policies and systems.

여성장애인의 양육 스트레스에 사회적 지지가 미치는 영향 : 전라북도 거주 여성장애인을 대상으로

홍은정 전북대학교 행정대학원 2021 국내석사

This study has the purpose to measure parenting stress of women with disabilities and to analyze empirically the effects of social support on the parenting stress. The subjects sampled are the disabled women raising children aged 3 to 18 years old in Jeonbuk province. This research was done using purposive sampling method and snowball sampling method with the help of welfare centers for the disabled and related Organizations at cities and counties in Jeonllabuk-do. Data were collected for nine months from 23 February to 20 November in 2020 under Covid-19 situdation which had closed facilities for the disabled and had hampered contact with those surveyed. During this period, a total of 151 questionaires were collected and 150 copies except one unfaithful response were used for analysis. The main research results confirmed in this study are summarized as follows. First form the results of the analysis on the independent variable of this study? the effect of social support on the parenting stress of disables women, as with the results of previous studies, this study also indentified that social support plays on important role in parenting stress. Second, as a result of analyzing the effect of family support independent of social support, it was confirmed that the husband’s participation in child rearing had a major effect on the reduction of parenting stress of women with disabilities. Third, it was confirmed that social support had a major effect on reducing the parenting stress of women with disabilities even in situdation where family support was controlled, Therefore, in order for women with disabilities to fulfill their maternal role smoothly, it is necessary to prepare active and practical policy measures to enhance social support. Fourth, child support expense was confirmed to be a major influencing factor on parenting stress of women with disabilities, along with social support and family support. In both the regression analysis models, the monthly child support expense per child was found to have a consistently significant effect on parenting stress, confirming that the burden of child support is a major stressor in the child-rearing process of women with disabilities. In order to alleviate the burden of childrearing of women with disabilities, measures to support childrearing are needed to improve the economic level of households with the disabled. Fifth, social support and family support showed a high correlation. households with less social support tend to have less family support. Therefore, policy support needs to be strengthened to help disabled women. Thus, I tried to find a policy and practical implications that can reduce the parenting stress of women with disabilities. social effors to increase opportunities for disabled women to participate in society and improvements to the childcare support system to facilitate institutional access to parenting, both of them are needed. The fact that evaluative support among social supports has a significant effect on the parenting stress of women with disabilities means that efforts are needed to change the perception of disabled women in our society, such as improving social prejudice and discrimination against raising children of women with disabilities. In addition, the husband's support for child rearing shows that, like non-disabled women, a cooperative relationship with the husband is important for women with disabilities in raising children. In addition, it is necessary to improve the residential environment for women with disabilities to raise children, and to prepare measures to alleviate the burden of monthly child support paid by low-income families with disabilities.

Analysis of Factors Influencing Fertility of Women with Disabilities

이유림 서울대학교 대학원 2017 국내석사

Objectives: This paper is written with the purpose of revealing the influencing factors that affects the disabled women’s procreativeness. From the past researches we concluded what causes women with disabilities to decide to become mothers while being subjected to three discriminatory factors: disability, female and poverty (Moin, et al., 2009). In my research I will focus more on detailed disability and social support variables that has not been concerned as essential variables from the previous studies. I focus on the socio-demographic, economic, health and disability, and social support factors that affect fertility (in this paper I refer ‘fertility’ as the average number of children). Methods: This study was conducted by using the survey data from People with Disability in Korea 2014, co-conducted by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and Korean Institute for Health and Social Affairs (KIHASA). The dependent variable was the average number of children of a woman with disability. Independent variables from the micro dataset consisted of health and disability variables, social support variables, socio-demographic variables, and economic variables. A multiple regression analyses was conducted with all the above variables. All statistical analyses were conducted using the IBM SPSS 22.0, using the 0.05 criterion of significance. Results: The verification of regression coefficient showed that age, education level, marital status, income level, mental disability, type of disability of the spouse, and material support had statistical significance on fertility rate (p<.05). The most noticeable outcome was the disability type variable and material support variable. The type of disability of both husband and wife had different affects to fertility. The material support was the affective factor on fertility; not only among the social support variables but among all variables that were used for analysis. Conclusions: This study aimed to examine the factors that determine the fertility of women with disabilities. The result of the analysis focused primarily on health and disability factors as well as social support factors. The result indicated that disability type had a statistically significant effect that has not been mentioned in previous researches. And Material support was the most effective factor on fertility. It is highly likely that the findings of this study will serve as a reference for prospective researches concerning fertility of women with disabilities and also contribute to the implementation of more effective government policies for women with disabilities.

여성장애인 가사와 육아에 관한 사례분석 연구

유봉례 목원대학교 2002 국내석사

여성이면서 장애를 지닌 이중의 아픔을 겪는 여성장애인들의 여러 가지 어려움 가운데 하나인 가사와 육아문제를 가지고 사례를 중심으로 분석해 보았다. 그 동안 여성장애인에 대한 학문적 접근도 미비하였지만 장애유형별 가사와 육아에 대한 연구는 전무하다시피 했다. 이론적인 접근은 물론 실제적인 측면에서도 여성장애인의 가사와 육아문제는 그 중요성에도 불구하고 개별적 접근이라는 제한적인 면을 지니고 있어 연구에 어려움이 따른다. 이에 본 연구에서는 장애유형별로 여성장애인의 가사와 육아에 대한 어려움을 사례분석을 통해 파악하고 사회복지적 측면에서 실천적 대안을 제시하는데 연구 목적을 두었다. 본 연구에서는 반 구조화된 질문지를 활용하여 충남지역 여성장애인 가정을 각각 10회 이상 방문면접을 통해 조사했고 여성장애인 개인은 물론 그가 속한 가정에서 가사와 육아과정에서의 문제점을 파악했다. 본 연구에 의하면 여성장애인들에게 있어서 가사와 육아과정에서 나타나는 가장 큰 문제점은 장애유형에 따라 접근 방식이 전혀 다르다는 점과 상이한 장애유형에도 불구하고 배우자나 가족의 지지도에 따라 가사와 육아를 대하는 태도가 달라짐을 보여주고 있다. 이러한 연구 결과를 근거로 하여 볼 때 여성장애인의 가사와 육아과정의 어려움을 해소시키기 위해서는 장애유형에 따른 개별화된 장애인 및 가족 지원 프로그램과 결혼 후 부부관계나 자녀들과의 관계에서 발생할 수 있는 문제해결에 도움을 제공하는 상담 프로그램, 장애유형에 맞는 편리하고 안정된 주거생활, 장애를 가진 부모를 위한 전문기관이 필요하다고 볼 수 있다. 또 정책적으로는 여성장애인의 육아와 가사에 도움을 줄 수 있는 장애유형별 주택 개·보수비 지원, 국가차원의 정보 제공과 전문적인 훈련 프로그램 개발 및 서비스 제공을 위한 연구기관 마련 등이 이루어져야 할 것이다. [In this study] cases were analysed extensively on one of many problems of disabled woman persons who face doubly challenged lives for having disabilities as women, household affairs and child care. There has been few approach to studies of disabled women, and even fewer studies were done on disabled women household affaires and child care according to types of disability. Despite its importance, because of limited resources on individual approach, the study of disabled women household affairs and child care issues has lots of difficulty. Thus on this study, purpose is to understand disabled women household affairs and child care issues by analysing of cases and present practical ways to solve in the means of social welfare. This study was done by visiting disabled women household in Chungnam area and interviewing them more than a dozen times using semi structured survey and came to understand the issues of not only the individuals but their household affairs and child care in the family. According to this study the most crucial problem in disabled women household affairs and child care is that method of approach can completely differ depends on the types of disability. It also shows that even with not at all similar types of disability, the way they face household affairs and child care is different by the support of spouses or other family members. The study suggests that customized program that support disabled persons and their families according to type of disability, counseling program on potential issues between the spouses and between the parents and children, comfortable and stabilized housing that meets disabled persons' variable need, and special institutions for disabled parents are needed to solve the problems in disabled women household affairs and child care. On the political level, supporting for remodeling and repairing housing to help disabled women household affairs and child care, providing information, developing professional training program and establishing study center to provide service have to be done.