朝鮮 肅宗妃 仁元王后의 嘉禮와 정치적 역할 = Marriage(嘉禮) and political role of Inwonwanghu(仁元王后) that was a wife of Sookjong(肅宗), Chosun Dynasty

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Inwonwanghu(仁元王后) who was the third queen of Sukjong was born in Sookjong 13years as a daughter of Kim Joo Sin(金柱臣) which was kim family of Kyungju. In Sukjong 27 years, Inhyunwanghu(仁顯王后) died which was second queen of Sookjong, and continuously it was happened Janghibin(張嬉嬪) was died a death that she was cursed queen. Inwonwanghu (仁元王后) got married with Sookjong by age of 15 years old at next year and became queen.

Inwonwanghu was selected as a queen and time that got married was such confused time. Geumhonyeong(禁婚令) for Sookjong's queen selection was pronounced and accepted Gantaekdanja(揀擇單子) for 8months after a month that funeral services of Inhyeonwanghu ended.

But, number of maidens to participate to Gantaek(揀擇) was few. Because it was marriage that should do in political change period that continued to confusion was time of Sookjong, there were Noblemen that disliked this. Also, Sookjong's queen selection was not smooth by problem of maiden relatives and problem of time that mourning for three years(三年喪) of Inhyunwanghu was not taken. Inwonwanghu did not participate on time in the first selection by disease, but Inwonwanghu took part in the first selection by additional arrangement and got married because was selected as Sookjong's queen.

It was a little unexpected decision that Inwonwanghu was selected as a queen. Inwonwanghu's family compared with Sookjong's other two queens' family was badly off. Also, Kim Joo Sin of her father was belonged to Soron(少論). Before queen‘s family was Seoin(西人) all, and after relatives of Inkyungwanghu (仁敬王后) and Inhyunwanghu(仁顯王后) became this Noron(老論) since all.

Reason that Sookjong selected Inwonwanghu as a queen was involved with circumstance of political situation at that time. When Janghibin was died, Sejabohoron(世子保護論) that must protect prince that was her son was insisted among Sorons(少論). And, Sookjong promoted Tangpyung(蕩平) politics reinforcing royal authority since Gapsulhwanguk(甲戌換局) Sookjong 20 years. It can make a problom that relatives on the mother's side is strong when strengthen royal authority. Therefore, Sookjong got married with a daughter of Kim Joo Sin that family was ordinary belonged Soron. Kim Joo Sin that was king's father-in-law was prudent and did not covet power, it was no abuse by relatives on the mother's side. On the other hand, there was sight that he switched over by Noron, but still had entrance of Soron from though. Only, as king's father-in-law, acted according to position.

When Kyungjong acceded to the throne, Inwonwanghu became the grandmother of the king(王大妃). At Kyungjong times, it confused that Noron and Soron were opposed in earnest. Inwonwanghu ordered decision as document the installation of the crown prince that Noron insists and decided future affair of Kyungjong. But, this time, Soron opposed as the installation of the crown prince is insisted by Noron that Kyungjong was young age. And Noron asserted crown prince's Daeicheongjeong(代理聽政) but was not materialized. This time, Sinchukhwanguk(辛丑換局) happened attacking Noron that is not loyal about Kyungjong in Soron. In the second year of Kyungjong, Mokhoyong informed Noron's family descendant tried to kill Kyungjong and Noron 4 ministers was died and Iminoksa(壬寅獄事) which Noron is evicted in politics happened.

When Norons that support crown prince by Sinimoksa(辛壬獄事) are removed, crown prince was anxious. This time, there was conspired Park Sang Geom, eunuch, inflicts danger and injury to crown prince. And also Indicated that Inwonwanghu eunuches and consulting together court ladies(宮女) by message in this time and decided these as was strict. But, court ladies and eunuches died with do not clear the behind and had more suspicion.

Inwonwanghu gave the message about the installation of the crown prince along Noron's insistence in Kyungjong period that was confused in this way, and helped crown prince who life was dangerous. But, did not give any messages in the Sinimoksa that Norons suffered damage. Perhaps, Inwonwanghu seemed to think that woman should not take part in politics. Because Choseon Period's queen have criticized if take part in politics as long as do not regency by the queen mother from behind the veil(垂簾聽政). Only, preservation and care of royal family were most share of queen that is older person. Action that Inwonwanghu showed in Kyungjong age strengthened the country because decided succession of Kyungjong receiving meaning of Sookjong, and saved when the crown prince was threatened. Did not grant the which one way about Noron and Soron that held political strife about this. Such her political situation is shown her was Soron family origin and that was influenced in conducted thing which father Kim Joo Sin(金柱臣) was correct to position as king's father-in-law.

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