December 21, 2007, The Korea Accounting Institute(KAI), the accounting standard-setting organization, announced the release of the Korean International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the IASB(K-IFRS). This new set of standards is part of i...
December 21, 2007, The Korea Accounting Institute(KAI), the accounting standard-setting organization, announced the release of the Korean International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the IASB(K-IFRS). This new set of standards is part of its continuous efforts to improve the comparability, the reliability, and the transparency of Korean corporates' financial reporting according to the roadmap for the full adoption of IFRS in Korea.
EU(European Union) required that all listed companies prepare financial statements according to IFRS since 2005. However, the adoption of IFRS or IFRS equivalents for foreign companies was allowed since 2007 exceptionally. In case of U.S. the convergence programme between U.S GAAP and IFRS has been continued and SEC Concept released on August, 2007 allowing the domestic issuers to select U.S. GAAP or IFRS, and the reconciliation requirement was eliminated from 2007 for foreign issuers.
To comply with global standardization of accounting standards which is a worldwide trend and to ensure transparency in accounting information of Korean companies, "A road map for adopting International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)" was released as of March 15, 2007 and IFRS was declared as accounting standards in Korea. However, this tendency of change has not been reflected at all in the accounting of the government-owned companies.
There are several aspects to be improved such that government-owned companies still have insufficiency in accounting system compared to private companies, and additionally they have some unsettled points in the actual execution process as though the accounting system has been accepted.
Problems and solutions in practical affairs of government-owned company’s accounting with the adoption of Korean-International Financial Reporting Standards (K-IFRS) can be outlined as three main points as following.
First, consolidated financial statements become main financial statements. As most of the government-owned companies have subsidiary companies or investment companies, main financial statements is to be changed from individual financial statements into consolidated financial statements. Accordingly, organizational improvement in the accounting system is required for efficient consolidation.
Second, valuation methods for assets and liabilities may change. This results in changes in the depreciation methods and useful lives of tangible assets.
Moreover, government-owned companies currently use the historical cost valuation method for the cases that objective valuation is not applicable or reliability of information not clear, based on the existing Korean accounting standards. Under the K-IFRS, however, valuation of assets and liabilities should be based on fair value in order to provide timely information to its user, in principle.
Third, although currently government-invested organizations follow generally accepted Korean accounting standards in handling accounting matters, some inappropriate accounting treaments that are not permitted by current Korean accounting standards are allowed on the ground of exceptional consideration of their operations or other reasons. Under K-IFRS, government-owned companies should develop accounting treatments to reflect underlying substance.
In short, if K-IFRS were not settled down as effective system by thorough preparation for the adoption of K-IFRS, globalization and advancement in financial reporting, which is sought by both the authorities concerned and interested parties inside and outside of the company, could go quite a different way from their original intention or expectation.