This study aims to explore the essential meaning and structure of social workers' experiences with continuing education (CE) from a phenomenological perspective. Continuing education for social workers has been implemented as a legally mandated pr...
This study aims to explore the essential meaning and structure of social workers' experiences with continuing education (CE) from a phenomenological perspective. Continuing education for social workers has been implemented as a legally mandated program since 2009 under Article 13, Paragraph 2 of the Social Welfare Services Act, with the purpose of supporting the development of professional competencies. Despite the considerable time elapsed since its implementation, qualitative studies examining how CE is actually experienced in the field and how those experiences connect to social workers' professional identity and practice have remained scarce.
Ten social workers currently employed at social welfare facilities and social welfare corporations in North Gyeongsang Province, each having completed CE at least once, participated in this study. Participants represented a wide range of career stages, from a first-year newcomer to a senior administrator with 34 years of experience, and were employed across diverse facility types including community welfare centers, disability welfare centers, long-term care facilities for older adults, and day care centers for persons with disabilities. Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews lasting one to two hours per session, and the collected data were analyzed following Giorgi's (1985) descriptive phenomenological procedure.
Analysis yielded a total of 44 meaning units, 11 sub-constituents, and 4 constituents. The four constituents are as follows: ‘perception of CE as an obligation-driven participation’, ‘ambivalent experiences during the educational process’, ‘experiences of professional growth and its limitations’, and ‘constraints on field application and re-recognition of the CE system’.
Regardless of career length or position, participants initially encountered CE as a legal requirement for maintaining their professional license. In their early experiences, anxiety over work absence and a sense of burden preceded any expectation of professional growth. During actual participation, high levels of engagement were reported in practice-oriented lectures and timely topics, whereas theory-heavy instruction disconnected from daily work led to diminished concentration and perfunctory participation. Some participants identified encounters and exchanges with fellow social workers as among their most meaningful CE experiences, through which a sense of professional community and solidarity was confirmed. As careers progressed, the meaning of CE shifted from obligation to an opportunity for reflection; however, the structural constraints of an annual eight-hour requirement and a curriculum skewed toward direct service delivery continued to impede deeper professional development and the incorporation of occupational diversity. Participants simultaneously acknowledged the necessity of the CE system while maintaining a critical stance toward its rigid operational structure and its failure to translate into substantive capacity building.
Taken together, the essential structure of social workers' CE experience can be characterized as an inward journey in which participation initiated by external compulsion gradually transforms—through ambivalent experiences and reflection—into a re-recognition of professional identity and a reconstruction of practice. By reinterpreting CE through the voices and perspectives of those who experience it firsthand, this study provides empirically grounded foundational data for informing future improvements in CE content, delivery methods, and policy direction.