상호교류분석이론에 기초한 부모교육이 어머니의 양육태도 및 의사소통 변화에 미치는 영향

국문 초록 (Abstract)

상호교류분석이론에 기초한 부모교육이
어머니의 양육태도 및 의사소통 변화에 미치는 효과
공 근 순
이 논문에서 상호교류분석이론에 기초한 부모교육이 유아기 자녀를 둔 어머니의 양육태도 및 의사소통 변화에 미치는 효과성을 알아보고자 하였다.
이를 위해 다음과 같은 연구문제를 설정하였다.
연구 문제 1 : 상호교류분석이론에 기초한 부모교육이 어머니의 양육태도에
영향을 미칠 것인가?
연구 문제 2 : 상호교류분석이론에 기초한 부모교육이 어머니와 자녀간의 의사 소통에 영향을 미칠 것인가?

연구대상은 고양시 덕양구 소재 J 어린이집의 36명 어머니들로 18명씩 실험집단과 비교집단으로 나누어 실험집단 18명의 어머니에게 7주 동안 상호교류분석에 기초한 부모교육을 실시하였고 비교집단은 가정통신문으로 전형적인 내용을 부모교육을 실시 하였다.
양육태도 검사 도구로는 Schaefer(1969)의 모형인 애정-거부, 자율-통제적 태도가 중심으로 된 측정도구 MBRI (Maternal Behavior Research Instrument) 내의 문항을 연결하여 황옥자(1987)가 사용한 10개 하위영역으로 나누어 사용하였고, 어머니와 자녀간 의사소통 검사도구로는 이정순(1993)의 도구를 수정 보완한 심성경과 김나림(1997)의 의사소통유형척도를 사용하였다.

어머니의 양육태도와 의사소통의 변화를 알아보기 위해 사전검사와 사후검사를 하는데 신뢰도를 측정하기위해 Cronbach's α 를 산출하였고, SPSS 12.0 프로그램으로 t-검증을 사용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다.
1-1 상호교류분석 이론에 기초한 부모교육을 받는 실험집단 어머니의 애정적 양육태도는 비교집단에 비해 높은 긍정적으로 변화를 주었다(t=7.12, p<0.001).
1-2 상호교류분석 이론에 기초한 부모교육을 받은 실험집단 어머니의 자율적 양육태도는 비교집단에 비해 높은 긍정적 변화를 나타내었다(t=5.46, p<0.001).
1-3 상호교류분석 이론에 기초한 부모교육을 받은 실험집단 어머니의 민주적 양육태도는 비교집단에 비해 높은 긍정적 변화를 나타내었다(t=6.94, p<0.001).
1-4 상호교류분석 이론에 기초한 부모교육을 받은 실험집단 어머니의 의도 적 무관심 양육태도는 비교집단에 비해 높은 긍정적 변화를 나타내었다((t=6.10, p<0.001).
1-5 상호교류분석 이론에 기초한 부모교육을 받은 실험집단 어머니의 일관성 양육태도는 비교집단에 비해 높은 긍정적 변화를 나타내었다(t=5.78, p<0.001).
둘째, 상호교류분석 이론에 기초한 부모교육은 유아기 자녀를 둔 어머니의 의사소통에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 실험집단의 사후검사 점수는 비교집단에 비해 긍정적 의사소통개선에 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 긍정적 의사소통에 있어 t=5.33, p<0.001 수준에서 비교집단과 비교하여 점수가 높아졌고, 부정적 의사소통은 t=-4.12, p<0.001 수준에서 비교집단과 비교하여 점수가 낮아졌다.
결론적으로, 상호교류분석에 기초한 부모교육이 유아기의 자녀를 둔 어머니의 양육태도 및 의사소통 변화에 긍정적으로 영향을 미쳤고, 상호교류분석이론에 기초한 부모교육 프로그램에 관심을 갖게 함으로써 양육태도 및 의사소통 변화의 중요성을 인식하고, 유아교육현장에서의 그 효용가치가 기대된다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• Ⅰ.서론
• A. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 ··························································1
• B. 연구 문제 ··············································································4
• C. 용어의 정의 ···········································································5
• &#8720;. 이론적 배경
• A. 상호교류분석이론의 개념 ·························································8
• 1. 인성의 자아 구조 ·······································································8
• 2. 상호교류의 유형 ······································································12
• 3. 스트로크 ···············································································14
• 4. 시간의 구조화 ········································································15
• B. 상호교류분석이론에 기초한 부모교육 ········································17
• 1. 상호교류분석이론에 기초한 부모교육의 목적 ····································17
• 2. 상호교류분석이론에 기초한 부모교육 프로그램의 내용 ·······················18
• 3. 상호교류분석이론에 기초한 부모교육 프로그램의 방법 ·······················19
• 4. 선행연구················································································20
• C. 좋은 부모됨의 요소 ·······························································22
• 1. 인생태도 ··············································································22
• 2. 양육태도 ··············································································25
• 3. 의사소통 ··············································································28
• Ⅳ. 연구방법
• A. 연구대상 ············································································30
• B. 검사도구 ············································································31
• 1. 어머니의 양육태도 검사도구 ······················································31
• 2. 어머니와 자녀의 의사소통 유형 검사도구 ·····································34
• C. 연구절차 ··············································································34
• 1. 연구를 위한 프로그램 훈련 과정 ·················································35
• 2. 예비검사 ·············································································35
• 3. 연구대상 선정 ·······································································36
• 4. 사전검사 ·············································································36
• 5. 실험처치 ·············································································36
• 6. 사후검사 ·············································································38
• D. 자료처리 및 분석 ·································································38
• Ⅴ. 결과 및 해석
• A .어머니 양육태도의 변화 ·························································39
• B. 어머니의 의사소통 변화 ···············································44
• Ⅵ. 논의 및 결론
• A. 요약 ···············································································47
• B. 논의 ···············································································49
• C. 결론 및 제언 ····································································51
• 참고문헌 ·············································································54
• 부 록 ·············································································64
• 국문초록 ·············································································76
• ABSTRACT·········································································78
• 표 목 차
• <표 1> 스트로크의 종류 ································································ 15
• <표 2> 연구대상자 가족의 인구통계학적 특성 ·······································30
• <표 3> 어머니의 양육태도 검사 설문지의 문항 구성 ·······························33
• <표 4> 의사소통 유형검사 ······························································34
• <표 5> 연구기간 및 일정 ································································35
• <표 6> 실험-비교 집단의 실험처치내용 ···············································37
• <표 7> 애정적 태도 ·············································································39
• <표 8> 자율적 태도 ······································································40
• <표 9> 민주적 태도 ······································································40
• <표 10> 의도적 무관심 태도 ····························································41
• <표 11> 일관성 태도 ····································································41
• <표 12> 어머니와 자녀 간 의사소통 개선에 대한 사전&#8228;사후 검사 비교 결과 ·········44
• 그림 목차
• 〔그림1〕균형잡힌 자아 상태 ····························································9
• 〔그림2〕교류분석 이론 중 부모 자아 상태· ··········································10
• 〔그림3〕교류분석 이론 중 아동자아 상태 ············································10
• 〔그림4〕교류분석이론 중 성인자아 상태 ··············································11
• 〔그림5〕대표적 교류 패턴의 이해 ·····················································13
• 〔그림6〕시간의 구조화 여섯 범주 ·····················································16
• 〔그림7〕상호교류분석에 의한 부모교육프로그램 ····································20
• 〔그림8〕인생태도 ········································································24
• 〔그림9〕어머니의 양육태도 사전검사 결과 그래프 ·································42
• 〔그림10〕어머니의 양육태도 사후검사 결과 그래프 ······························ 43
• 〔그림11〕어머니의 의사소통에 대한 사전&#8228;사후 검사 결과 비교 그래프 ···················45
• 부록 목차
• [부록1] 좋은 부모되기 위한 서약서 ····················································64
• [부록2] 어머니의 양육태도 검사지 ·····················································65
• [부록3] 어머니의 의사소통유형 검사지 ················································68
• [부록4] 실험집단 부모교육프로그램의 실제 ···········································69