Heinz Kohut의 자기심리학적 접근에 기초한 상담자 성숙성 모형 검증 = Validation of Counselor Maturity Model Based on Heinz Kohut's Self-Psychology

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was conducted to validate the counselor maturity model based on Kohut’s self psychology with counselors and to test the differences in structural relationships among variables of the model between pre-service counselors and in-service counselors. Two research questions were asked: (a) Is the counselor’s maturity model based on Kohut’s self psychology valid and do selfobject, empathy perception, narcissism of counselors significantly impact on their maturity?; and (b) Are there any differences between pre-service counselors and in-service counselors in the structural relationships of the variables(selfobject, empathy perception, narcissism, and maturity) of the model? Two hundred ninety three counselors(146 pre-service counselors and 147 in-service counselors) participated in this study. Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) using Amos 7.0 was employed to examine the relationships. The results of this study are as follows: The results for the first research question showed that the model was fitted to the data. It means that the counselor’s maturity based on Kohut’s self psychology is valid. The results also showed that selfobject significantly impacts on empathy perception and narcissism directly, and it significantly impacts on maturity through other mediating variables(empathy perception and narcissism). Empathy perception and narcissism significantly impact maturity directly. These results suggest that counselors basically need to have selfobject experiences much for maturity. The results for the second research question showed that the path of empathy perception to maturity was significantly different between pre-service counselors and in-service counselors. These results suggest that differential educational programs should be provided for maturity of pre-service counselors and in-service counselors.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 권경인, "한국 집단상담 대가의 발달과정 분석" 서울대학교 2007

2 주은선, "학교상담의 현황 및 인식조사 연구: 서울시 중·고등학교 상담교사와 학생을 중심으로" 33 : 183-210, 2004

3 이재규, "학교상담의 이론과 실제" 학지사 2005

4 정석환, "코헛의 자기심리학과 목회상담" 27 : 319-348, 1999

5 김병훈, "코핫 이론에 기초한 심리적 치유경험의 본질과 기능 및 그 목회적용 연구: 교회는 자기대상의 환경" 8 : 122-153, 2004

6 김지연, "초심상담자와 상담전문가가 겪는 어려움과 극복방안에 대한 개념도 연구" 한국상담학회 10 (10): 769-792, 2009

7 조용주, "청소년이 지각한 부모 공감 척도 개발과 타당화 연구" 가톨릭대학교 2010

8 정방자, "정신역동적 상담과정에서의 상담자와 내담자의 언어반응 분석" 서울대학교 1985

9 Greenberg, J. R., "정신분석학적 대상관계이론[object relations in psychoanalytic theory]" 한국심리치료연구소 1999

10 유형근, "전문상담교사 양성을 위한 교육실습방안 연구" 학습자중심교과교육학회 6 (6): 215-233, 2006

11 이재창, "전문 상담자 교육과 훈련에 관한 연구" 8 (8): 1-26, 1996

12 김갑성, "자존감 회복 방안 연구: 코헛의 자기대상론을 중심으로" 호서대학교 2006

13 윤정혜, "자기애 측정도구(ISP)타당화 연구" 숙명여자대학교 2006

14 조윤옥, "신학생의 인격성숙을 위한 현실요법 집단상담 프로그램 개발: 자기애적 성격성향자를 중심으로" 한남대학교 2004

15 조도현, "상담지속에 영향을 미치는 상담자 특성들" 14 : 29-55, 1998

16 오현수, "상담전문가 발달과정에서의 좌절극복경험 분석" 한국상담학회 10 (10): 109-124, 2009

17 이재창, "상담자의 인성적 특성과 전문성의 발달" 8 : 7-68, 1992

18 김진숙, "상담자발달모형과 청소년상담자발달 연구의 필요성" 13 (13): 19-37, 2001

19 이한녕, "상담자 성숙도 검사 개발 및 타당화 연구" 가톨릭대학교 2005

20 박성희, "상담 효과를 가져오는 상담 관계의 특성" 14 (14): 167-180, 2000

21 강석헌, "도정신치료와 서양정신치료 국제포럼" 한국정신치료학회 2004

22 박상희, "나르시시즘과 목회상담: 자기대상 재경험을 통한 치유" 이화여자대학교 2001

23 김영란, "교정상담에서의 공감의 중요성" 한국교정학회 29 : 159-175, 2005

24 Skovholt, T. M., "건강한 상담자만이 남을 도울 수 있다[The resilient practitioner: Burnout prevention and self-care strategies for counselors, therapists, teachers, and health professionals]" 학지사 2003

25 George, R. L., "Theory, methods, process of counseling and psychotherapy" Prentice Hall 1981

26 Kohut, H., "The restoration of the self" International Universities Press 1977

27 Gehrie, M. J., "The evolution of the psychology of the self toward a mature narcissism" 1159 : 31-50, 2009

28 Kohut, H., "The analysis of self" International Universities Press 1971

29 Skovholt, T. M., "The Evolving professional self: Stages and themes in therapist and counselor development" John Wiley & Sons 1995

30 홍세희, "Testing configural, metric, scalar, and latent mean invariance across genders in sociotropy and autonomy using a non-western sample" SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC 63 : 636-654, 200308

31 Loganbill, C., "Supervision: A conceptual model" 10 : 3-42, 1982

32 Trumpeter, N., "Self-functioning and perceived parenting: relations of parental empathy and love inconsistency with narcissism, depress, and self-esteem" 169 : 51-71, 2008

33 Slyter, S. L., "Kohut's psychology of the self: Measures of healthy and defensive narcissism" University of Maryland 1989

34 Hogan, R. A., "Issues and approaches in supervision. Psychotherapy: theory" 1 : 139-141, 1964

35 Kohut, H., "How Does Analysis Cure" The University of Chicago Press 1984

36 Bentler, P. M., "Comparative fit indices in structural models" 107 : 238-246, 1990

37 Kim, B. H., "Church as a selfobject environment" School of Theology and University of Denver 2001

38 박순득, "C. Rogers와 육조혜능을 통해 본 바람직한 상담자상 연구" 5 (5): 161-180, 2002

39 Tucker, L. R., "A reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor analysis" 38 : 1-10, 1973