응용행동분석, 특수교육, 정서․행동장애에 대한 긍정적 행동지원의 관계 고찰 = A Review on Relationships of Positive Behavior Support with Applied Behavior Analysis, Special Education, and Emotional/Behavioral Disorders

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the United States, over the past 20 years, positive behavior support(PBS) has received considerable attention in the academic world and educational settings with legal and systematical bases. In Korea, it has also attracted a growing attention by being introduced through lots of literature(e.g., articles, master's theses/doctoral dissertations, books) over last 10 years, but has not yet been applied in educational settings with legal and systematical bases. Therefore, keeping in mind the possibility of getting its legal and systematical bases in the near future, this study aimed to see relationships of positive behavior support with applied behavior analysis(ABA), special education, and emotional/behavioral disorders by reviewing related literature to help understand PBS objectively and accurately. The results of this study were as follows: 1) If ABA is a research-based science on human behavior, PBS is value-based intervention model on the basis of theoretical framework provided by ABA and they are in the relationship of mutual complement; 2) PBS, especially SW-PBS needs cooperation of general education and special education because its subjects are all students with and without disabilities, and active participation of general educators is necessary from a viewpoint of prevention; 3) PBS, especially SW-PBS has no special relationship with emotional/behavioral disorders compared to other types of disabilities. Finally, several suggestions were presented for future related research.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

지난 20여년에 걸쳐 미국에서는 행동적 중재와 관련하여 긍정적 행동지원(positive behavior support: PBS)이 법적․제도적 근거를 갖추면서 학계와 교육현장에서 괄목할 만한 관심을 받아 왔다. 우리나라에서도 지난 10여년 동안 PBS가 다수의 문헌(학술지논문, 석박사 학위논문, 저․역서 등)을 통해 소개됨으로써 PBS에 대한 높은 관심을 반영하고는 있으나 법적․제도적 근거를 가지고 교육현장에서 실시되고 있지는 않다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 향후 우리나라에서 긍정적 행동지원에 대한 법적․제도적 근거가 마련될 가능성을 염두에 두고 긍정적 행동지원에 대한 객관적이고 명확한 이해를 돕기 위해 관련문헌 고찰을 통해 긍정적 행동지원이 응용행동분석(applied behavior analysis: ABA), 특수교육, 정서․행동장애와 각각 어떤 관계가 있는지를 알아보았는데 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, ABA가 인간행동에 대한 연구기반의 과학이라면 PBS는 ABA가 제공하는 이론적 틀에 근거한 가치기반의 중재모델이라고 할 수 있으며 서로 상호보완적 관계에 있다. 둘째, PBS(특히 SW-PBS)는 일반학생과 장애학생 모두를 대상으로 하고 있으므로 일반교육과 특수교육간의 협력이 필요하며 예방이라는 관점에서 볼 때 일반교사의 적극적인 참여가 요구된다. 셋째, PBS(특히 SW-PBS)는 장애의 유무와 관계없이 일반학생과 장애학생 모두를 대상으로 하듯이 장애의 유형과도 관련이 없으므로 정서․행동장애와 특별한 관련이 있는 것은 아니다. 마지막으로, 향후 관련연구를 위한 몇 가지 제언이 제시되었다.

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