This study was conducted on hemiplegic stroke to identify factors that influence the performance of activities of daily living and the amount of change, and to predict the level of the performance of activities of daily living following discharge.
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This study was conducted on hemiplegic stroke to identify factors that influence the performance of activities of daily living and the amount of change, and to predict the level of the performance of activities of daily living following discharge.
This study was conducted in three different stages. First, literature review was performed to select variables that affected functional recovery, and finally 15 independent variables were selected. In order to derive a regression equation through this study and verify the consistency of the derived regression equation, the data of a total of 1,466 persons were randomly divided at a ratio of 9:1. Second, multiple linear regression analyses determined the factors affecting the functional recovery in 1,319 hemiplegic stroke patients who were selected using inclusion and exclusion criteria and predicted their the performance of activities of daily living level after discharge. Third, the regression equation was verified in additional 147 hemiplegic stroke patients who were not included in the first study.
In the present study, factors that affected the performance of activities of daily living of these patients included gender, age, time from onset to admission, cognitive function (K-MMSE), motor function (upper extremities [UEx] and lower extremities [LEx] of brunnstrom recovery stage), balance (sitting balance) and ambulation ability (functional ambulation category [FAC]), sensory function (pain sensation, light touch sensation, & proprioception), and visual perception (neglect, hemianopsia, and agnosia). The factors with the greatest relative influence were ambulation ability (Adm. β= 0.488; Dis. β=0.463) and cognitive function (Adm. β=0.234; Dis. β=220), and the explanatory power was confirmed as 83.5%, respectively. The factors that affected the amount of change of performance of activities of daily living included length of stay (60~90d, β=0.119; over 90d, β=0.088), time from onset to admission (2~6m, β=-0.123; 6~12m, β=-0.150; over 12m, β=-0.141), cognitive function change (Discharge score – Admission score, β=0.114), motor function change (UEx, β=0.134; LEx, β=0.149), sitting balance change (β=0.106), ambulation ability change (β=0.362), and sensory function (β=0.047), and the explanatory power was found to be 40.7%. Therefore, it will be effective to plan a intervention program taking these variables.
The factors influencing the prediction of the performance of activities of daily living at discharge included gender (female, β=-0.039), age (over 65, β=-0.094), time from onset to admission (2~6m, β=-0.067; 6~12m, β=-0.051; over 12m, β=-0.063), cognitive function (β=0.243), motor function (UEx, β=0.068; LEx, β=0.151), sitting balance (β=0.195), ambulation ability (β=0.375), sensory function (impaired, β=-0.035), and visual perception (impaired, β=-0.04). The relatively influential factors and ambulation ability and cognitive function, and affected the performance of daily living with an explanatory power of 77.5%. It was confirmed that the function evaluation result, which is a controllable factor, has a greater effect on the prognosis at discharge compared to the non-controllable factors such as gender and age, which proves the need for rehabilitation and the importance of accurate evaluation by medical staff and therapist It is presumed to be a result. Additionally, gender, age, and time from onset to admission affected the prediction of daily living performance differently.
The main goal of occupational therapy is to do people participate in activity of daily living through treatment, education, and training for people with physical, mental, and social disabilities, and to evaluate daily living movements and improve them through training. It is a core job of occupational therapists with high importance and frequency of performance in clinical practice. This study identified the factors influencing these daily life performances and predicted the prognosis with high explanatory power.
This study revealed that the factors that affect the performance of activities of daily living with hemiplegia depend upon patient characteristics. These findings would help establish new rehabilitation and management strategies in the future and serve as basic data for clinical interventions.