The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing the organizational commitment of correctional officers who play a key role in preventing recidivism of prisoners and encourage their resocialization. It also aims to prepare basic data f...
The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing the organizational commitment of correctional officers who play a key role in preventing recidivism of prisoners and encourage their resocialization. It also aims to prepare basic data for program development and job training for organizational revitalization. To this end, based on social exchange theory, I intend to examine the effects of correctional orientation (rehabilitation orientation, punishment orientation) and experiences of violence on organizational commitment through positive psychological capital.
To this end, a survey was conducted on 258 corrective officers in area B, and descriptive statistics, difference analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation model analysis were conducted. The analysis results of this study are as follows.
First, it was found that the rehabilitation orientation of the correctional orientation had a positive correlation with organizational commitment. It was found that rehabilitation orientation had a direct effect on organizational commitment, and positive psychological capital had a partial mediating effect.
Second, it was found that the punishment orientation of the correctional orientation had a negative correlation with organizational commitment. On the other hand, punishment orientation has no direct effect on organizational commitment, and positive psychological capital has a complete mediating effect.
Third, it was found that the experiences of violence had a negative correlation with organizational commitment. Experience of violence has a direct effect on organizational commitment, and positive psychological capital has a partial mediating effect.
Fourth, positive psychological capital was found to have the greatest positive correlation with organizational commitment.
Lastly, there appeared to be gender differences in experiences of violence(verbal violence, physical violence, emotional violence) and affective commitment to organizational commitment, but no significant differences were found in other variables.
This study confirmed that correctional orientation(rehabilitation orientation, punishment orientation), experience of violence, and positive psychological capital are important variables that affect the organizational commitment of correctional officers. In addition, it is significant in that it has verified the mediating effect of positive psychological capital in the relationship between correction orientation (rehabilitation orientation, punishment orientation), experience of violence and organizational commitment, which were not covered in previous studies.
Prior research on the organizational commitment of correctional officers was limited to verifying the mediating effect related to job stress or job satisfaction. There was no case where an individual's internal characteristic variable(positive psychological capital) was verified as a mediating effect. Strikingly it can be said that it has high academic value because it has verified the relationship between corrective orientation(rehabilitation orientation, punishment orientation) and positive psychological capital.
These findings first suggest that the policy direction of the correctional organization should be centered on edification, away from the center of punishment of the prisoner. Second, the development of various job education programs using rehabilitation orientation and positive psychological capital is required. Second, for follow-up research related to trauma, it is necessary to first investigate the current status of damage due to exposure to violence among correctional officers and establish a systematic management system for experiences of violence.
Lastly, it is necessary to develop job training and counseling programs based on rehabilitation orientation and positive psychological capital and actively utilize them in organizational and personnel management.