The public rental housing Reits system can be said to be a system to
suppress the huge increase in debt of public institutions caused by the
supply of public rental housing and to prevent deterioration of the financial
structure. Among public rental h...
The public rental housing Reits system can be said to be a system to
suppress the huge increase in debt of public institutions caused by the
supply of public rental housing and to prevent deterioration of the financial
structure. Among public rental housing, happy housing is a house supplied
to railway sites in the downtown area, or idle land publicly or publicly
owned, in order to supply it to an area with convenient transportation and
close proximity to work and residence for college students, newlyweds, and
newcomers to society.
Public housing other than happy housing is mainly located outside the city
center, so there are few disputes with local residents in the public housing
project, and the lease period is 10 to 20 years, so there is no problem with
the profitability of the public housing project profitability. On the other hand,
the happy housing Project is located in the city center with a 30-year rental
period, and the rent level is supplied at 60 to 70% of the surrounding
market price.
Against the above background, many social conflicts occur during the
project progress due to opposition from nearby residents, and the site for
supplying happy housing in the downtown area is also at a limit, and the
happy housing project has a structure in which losses occur as the number
of supplied generations increases. The purpose of this study is to study how
to solve these problems and provide continuous happy housing. As a
research method, literature research, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and
Transport, Korea Land Corporation, REITs information system, and local
governments were referred to, and FGI survey was conducted on public
housing workers.
As a result of the study, active communication with residents and holding
public hearings are needed as a solution to the conflict between residents
who supply happy housing. It is also a good idea to supply convenience
facilities for residents near the happy housing. As a way to improve
profitability for supply,
The first is the realization of the setting of repair and maintenance cost
rates and residual value. Since Happy Housing REITs is a business entity
that is financially separate from the project operator, it is reasonable to set
the repair and maintenance cost rate standards autonomously within the
scope of securing the minimum business feasibility of REITs. In the case of
Happy Housing REITs, the logic conflicts with the existing accounting
standard (residual value “0”) as the residual value of the building is assumed
to be 30% of the market price after the end of the mandatory rental period.
Looking at the appraisal methods and examples of building residual value
evaluation, unlike the logic that buildings are usually depreciated after a
certain period of time, eventually the value of the building is destroyed and
only the value of the land remains, the residual value of the building is 0.
However, since the market value is generated in proportion to the value of
the land, it can be seen that the residual value of the building after the end
of a certain period exists in a significant part.
The second is the improvement of business feasibility. It is believed that
the Happy Housing project can continue to develop into a sustainable
project only when losses incurred in the process of project promotion must
be at least compensated. Happiness Housing is a structure that covers 30% of
the project cost, 40% of the fund, 20% of the tenants, and 10% of its own
funds, and provides financial and fund support, but its business feasibility is
low as rental conditions are supplied at 60-80% of the market price.
Although the profit structure of Happy Housing REITs is relatively weak, the
internal rate of return of the Housing and Urban Fund investing in Happy
Housing REITs is calculated to be 3% to 4% in consideration of distribution
according to the investment ratio when certain profits exceed. This calculation
method is inconsistent with equity as there is no significant difference
between the high-profit 10-year public rental housing and private rental
housing.
In addition, there is a problem in the fairness of applying the fund interest
rate in relation to the improvement of business feasibility. The Korea Land
and Housing Corporation, the main project operator of the happy housing
project, applies an interest rate of 2.7%, and in the case of local governments,
the interest rate is reduced to 1% to induce participation. The Happy
Housing project is an important project implemented by the government for
the housing welfare of the vulnerable class, and the interest rate on the fund
should be applied to the Korea Land and Housing Corporation at an interest
rate of 1%.
The third is a method of shortening the rental period or converting to a
permanent rental. Happy Housing operates for 30 years and then liquidates
the sale after pre-investment. Compared to public rental housing for 10 years,
the profitability is low, and it is difficult to attract private finance due to
long-term investment. So shortening the mandatory rental period should be
considered. After renting for 30 years, the happy housing is sold and the
land sale proceeds as LH, and the proceeds from the sale of the building are
liquidated by the Housing and Urban Fund and the repayment of private
loans. Considering that the durability of the building is strong due to the
development of the happy Housing, it is necessary to keep the residence
period of the residents of happy Housing as it is, and not sell the happy
housing until the end of business.
The demand for happy housing is expected to continue to rise due to the
increase in single-person households and changes in the demographic
structure.
The fourth is a plan to utilize old public buildings in downtown areas.
Happy housing should be supplied not outside the downtown area, but in
the downtown area, where it is convenient to work or residence. Also, due
to the decrease in the fertility rate, national and public elementary schools,
middle schools, and universities will be closed due to consolidation, etc.
These public buildings should be actively utilized for the supply of happy
housing.
Lastly, active participation of local governments and increase in state
subsidies. The financial burden is first raised due to local governments being
passive in the supply of public rental housing, and in the case of happy
housing and National Rental Housing, which account for a large proportion
of the supply of public rental housing that are recently supplied (based on
project approval), the project operator bears the financial burden. The
proportion is set at 10%, and if the local government takes the lead, it is
enough to raise the funds at the level of 10% of the total project cost,
excluding finances, funds, and the burdens of residents.
If the central and local governments cooperate to promote the supply of
happy housing, the project process will be smooth. The heads of each local
governments tend to agree with the opinions of accepting the opposing
opinions of local residents on the happy housing project, conscious of the
election. It is hoped that the analysis data of this study will be of some help
to policies for revitalizing the supply of happy housing.