信用카드 法理에 관한 硏究

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

"Credit card" means a card or device issued under an arrangement pursuant to which a card issuer gives to a cardholder the privilege of obtaining credit from the card issuer or other person in purchasing or leasing property or services, obtaining loans, or otherwise. The legal features of credit card include the ones such as credit instrument non-valuable instrument, provable instrument-responsibility exempted instrument, presentative · non-withdrawal instrument and exclusive attachment in a person. Its positive legal effect is to offer card holders services of cash substitution, credit offering, and foreign card use. And the credit card chain stores are given advantage of sales amount raising from promoting sales. However there are also negative effects such as causing an excessive consumption, inflation emergence and increase in household burden, complex system in transaction, over-issue of credit card and increasing the crimes from its use around this system. The lands of credit cards are a two party card·a three party card, a card paid in a single sum·a card paid in installments·a revolving card, a domestic card·an international card, and a limited purpose card·multi-purpose card. The origin of credit card was travelers' checks and the first practice of this system was credit coin. The development of credit card system has been carried out from the stage of two-party card to three-party card, and it is in the stage of bank credit card, now.
The central contents of credit card contract lie in repaying the expense from using cards, and it is devided into diverse opinions among scholars. Repaying the expense is performed in this way that the credit card issuers substitutes to pay the credit card chain shops for the amount from card holder's use of it at first, and then the issuers claims the card holder for compensating it. In this case, an important problem is how to define the nature of such type of payment legally and its opinions are diverse among countries. Related with this, this country follows Japanese example, which is a cumulative obligation acceptance theory attached to advanced payment compensation theory. To substitute a card holder's obligation needs that the holder must obey to the execution of repay claiming right by card-issuer. What is important is that a reward for joining in the card system is to secure all the rights on contract law with only credit. Now that the credit card members' participation in the system is to result from the card issuer's active declarations of justice, it is natural that the credit card members' protesting right should be secured as should be the case about the credit card chain shops in the system.
The stipulation for credit card members has been improved in many ways, thus the probability that the credit card holders should be responsible for the damage emerged from a third person's illegal use of credit card has been decreased substantially. But the responsibility for such an illegal use sill leaves in a large degree to the credit card holders, and this means that the way to compensate for the of damage such as an insurance limit. So the credit card issuers should pursuit a rational division of responsibility above the limit, and at the same time, they should announce clearly the risk of misuse to the credit card holders by means of presenting pamphlets. And lawyers should create the analysis theories should show concern to the aspect of security most of all than to convenience from using it. In order to achieve this, card users should clearly recognize the implication of stipulation by considerate reading, especially the article about an illegal card use. If many holders carry out this, the credit card system will be advanced toward the direction of more security attaining.
Being related to the above, the act of credit card should be improved toward the direction to imply the followings. The content should be based upon five primary principles such as controlling the excessive loan offering, clarifying the contractual relationships among the credit card holders-card chain stores·card issuers, clarifying the division of responsibility for an illegal user of card, clarifying the supervisory authorities and clarifying the administrational responsibility for credit information.
In addition, the introduction of the signless credit card system can be examined, which is being used in small scale buying at and it has been proved that selling total amount has increased 20%.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• 제1장 序論
• 제1절 硏究目的 = 1
• 제2절 硏究範圍 = 3
• 제3절 硏究方法 = 6
• 제2장 信用카드制度의 法的基礎理
• 제1절 信用카드의 法理論一般 = 7
• I. 信用카드의 槪念 = 7
• II. 信用카드의 法的性質 = 10
• 1. 信用證卷性 = 10
• 2. 非有價證卷性 = 11
• 3. 證據證卷性·免責證卷性 = 12
• 4. 提示證券性과 非環受證卷性 = 13
• 5. 一身專屬性 = 14
• III. 信用카드의 經濟的 效用 = 14
• 1. 信用카드利用의 肯定的 效用 = 15
• (1) 信用카드利用의 本質的 效用 = 15
• (2) 信用카드利用의 附隨的 效用 = 17
• 2. 信用카드利用의 否定的 效用 = 19
• IV. 信用카드의 種類 = 21
• 1. 去來當事者의 數에 의한 分類 = 21
• (1) 兩當事者信用카드 = 21
• (2) 三當事者信用카드 = 22
• (3) 多當事者信用카드 = 22
• 2. 代今支給 方法에 의한 分類 = 23
• (1) 一時給 信用카드 = 23
• (2) 分割給 信用카드 = 24
• (3) 回轉給 信用카드 = 24
• 3. 使用領域에 의한 分類 = 24
• (1) 國內信用카드 = 24
• (2) 國際新用카드 = 25
• 4. 使用目的에 의한 分類 = 25
• 5. 信用카드會員의 信用度에 의한 分類 = 25
• 6. 其他의 分類 = 26
• (1) 企業카드·個人카드 = 26
• (2) GP카드 = 27
• (3) 素材에 의한 分類 = 27
• 제2절 信用카드制度의 發展過程 = 27
• I. 信用카드制度의 起源 = 28
• II. 美國 信用카드制度의 發展過程 = 29
• 1. 二當事者카드의 段階 = 29
• 2. 三當事者카드의 段階 = 30
• 3. 銀行界 信用카드의 段階 = 31
• III. 유럽 信用카드制度의 發展過程 = 32
• IV. 日本 信用카드制度의 發展過程 = 33
• V. 우리나라 信用카드制度의 發展過程 = 35
• 제3절 信用카드制度의 比較法的硏究 = 37
• I. 英美消費者信用法上 信用카드規制 = 37
• 1. 序說 = 37
• 2. 美國의 信用카드法規制 = 38
• 3. 英國의 信用카드法規制 = 45
• II. 西獨의 信用카드制度 = 50
• 1. 戰後 消費者信用의 發展 = 51
• 2. 消費者信用의 諸形態 = 54
• 3. 信用카드制度 = 62
• 1) 二當事者制度 = 62
• 2) 三當事者制度 = 63
• 3) 信用카드 喪失의 경우의 責任 = 66
• 4. 結語 = 67
• 제3장 信用카드去來의 法理構成
• 제1절 序說 = 70
• 제2절 信用카드去來의 法的構造 = 73
• I. 信用販賣의 必要性과 信用카드去來의 誕生 = 73
• 1. 信用카드의 種類 = 76
• 2. 美國식 信用카드플랜 = 78
• 3. 우리나라의 카드플랜 = 81
• (1) 通常使用 = 81
• (2) 特別使用 = 83
• 제3절 信用카드去來의 法的性質 = 85
• I. 信用카드契約의 法的性質에 관한 學說 = 86
• 1. 信用狀說 = 86
• 2. 外上債權買受說 = 88
• 3. 直接債務說 = 89
• 4. 直接貸付說 = 90
• 5. 支給指示說 = 91
• 6. 債權讓渡說 = 93
• 7. 替當支給說 = 93
• (1) 信用카드會社의 求償債權의 法的根據 = 94
• (2) 信用카드加盟店의 替當金支給請求權의 法的根據 = 95
• 1) 保證說 = 95
• 2) 履行引受說 = 96
• 3) 債務引受說 = 97
• ① 免責的債務引受說 = 98
• ② 倂存的債務引受說 = 99
• (3) 債權讓渡說과 替當支給說의 差異 = 100
• 8. 二元論 = 102
• II. 信用카드契約의 法的性質에 관한 私見 = 13
• 1. 代今決濟關係 = 104
• 2. 信用카드 會員契約의 法的性質 = 105
• 3. 信用카드 加盟店契約의 法的性質 = 106
• 제4절 信用카드去來 當事者의 權利와 義務 = 107
• I. 信用카드會員의 權利와 義務 = 107
• 1. 信用카드會員의 權利 = 107
• 2. 信用카드會員의 義務 = 108
• II. 信用카드加盟店의 權利와 義務 = 114
• 1. 信用카드會社에 대한 權利와 義務 = 114
• (1) 信用카드加盟店의 權利 = 114
• (2) 信用카드加盟店의 義務 = 117
• 2. 信用카드會員에 대한 義務 = 118
• III. 信用카드會社의 權利義務 = 122
• 1. 信用카드會員에 대한 權利와 義務 = 122
• (1) 信用카드會社의 權利 = 122
• (2) 信用카드會社의 義務 = 123
• 2. 信用카드加盟店에 대한 義務 = 125
• 제4장 우리나라 信用카드去來의 法的問題
• 제1절 序說 = 127
• 제2절 信用카드會員의 抗辯權保障問題 = 128
• I. 信用카드 會員標準約款上의 抗辯權 = 128
• II. 信用카드契約의 法的性質과 抗辯權 = 129
• 1. 倂存的債務引受說의 경우와 抗辯權 = 129
• 2. 商業信用狀說이 경우와 抗辯權 = 130
• 3. 外上債權買入說의 경우와 抗辯權 = 132
• 4. Maffly & McDonald說과 抗辯權 = 133
• 5. Goode說과 抗辯權 = 136
• 6. 信用카드會員의 抗辯權에 관한 私見 = 137
• 제3절 他人에 의한 信用카드不正使用問題 = 140
• I. 信用카드의 他人使用에 의한 분쟁 = 140
• II. 現行 信用카드制度上 他人使用防止策 = 142
• III. 信用카드의 他人使用에 관한 信用카드會員約款內容 = 145
• IV. 信用카드의 他人使用에 관한 信用카드會員約款의 問題點 = 148
• V. 結語 = 151
• 제4절 信用카드破産의 豫防 및 救濟問題 = 152
• I. 信用카드破産의 現象 = 152
• II. 信用카드破産의 豫防 = 153
• III. 自己破産의 節次 = 155
• IV. 破産者 免責制度의 趣旨 = 157
• 제5절 기타의 法律問題 = 161
• I. 未成年者의 信用카드使用問題 = 161
• 1. 未成年者의 契約取消權 = 161
• 2. 未成年者의 信用카드 會員契約 = 162
• 3. 未成年者의 信用카드에 의한 個別契約 = 163
• 4. 家族會員으로서의 未成年者 = 163
• II. 信用카드保證人의 責任制限問題 = 164
• 제5장 結論 : 信用카드制度의 展望과 課題
• 제1절 序說 = 167
• 제2절 信用카드制度의 展望 = 168
• I. 序說 = 168
• II. 信用카드紛爭의 急增과 消費者의 地位 = 169
• III. 信用카드規制法의 必要性 = 171
• IV. 信用카드規制法의 方向 = 173
• 1. 過剩融資規制 = 173
• 2. 信用카드會員·信用카드 加盟店·카드發行會社의 契約關係의 明確化 = 174
• 3. 不正使用의 責任分擔의 明確化 = 175
• 4. 開業規制 監督官廳의 明確化 = 175
• 5. 信用情報 管理責任의 明確化 = 175
• 제3절 信用카드制度의 課題 = 176
• I. 國際決濟手段으로서의 信用카드利用의 提高促進 = 176
• 1. 序言 = 176
• 2. 國際카드의 現況 = 177
• (1) 國際카드의 定義 = 177
• (2) 信用카드去來의 法的性質 = 178
• 3. 國際카드의 構造 = 180
• (1) 國際카드의 去來節次 = 180
• 1) 支給口認 = 180
• 2) 代今決濟 = 181
• (2) 國際브랜드카드組織에 대해 = 182
• II. 無署名信用카드利用의 提高促進 = 183
• 1. 序說 = 183
• 2. 無署名信用카드去來의 構造 = 183
• 3. 無署名카드와 不正使用 = 184
• (1) 信用카드加盟店의 義務 = 184
• (2) 日常家事債務와의 關係 = 186
• (3) 問題의 本質은 무엇인가 = 186
• 參考文獻 = 189
• ABSTRACT = 200