서울市內 初.中學生들의 營養知識과 食生活 實態에 관한 調査 硏究

국문 초록 (Abstract)

本 硏究에서는 初·中學生들의 營養知識과 食生活 實態를 조사하기 위하여 서울시내 국민학교 남녀 570名과 중학교 남녀 330名을 대상으로 그들의 一般環境, 食事攝取 實態, 營養知識과 營養敎育程度, 食生活 態度, 營養知識과 關聯要因과의 관계를 調査 分析하여 얻은 結果는 다음과 같다.
1. 調査對象者의 부모 學歷은 아버지 48.5%가 大卒以上, 어머니 36.8%가 高卒의 學歷으로 가장 높고 부모의 年齡은 아버지 55.6%, 어머니 44.3%가 40∼45세로 가장 높았다. 아버지의 職業은 會社員이 23.3%로 가장 높고 어머니는 30.2%가 職業을 갖고 있었다.
2. 食事時間은 規則的인 편이었고 아침식사 攝取는 국민학생이 중학생보다 섭취율이 높아 학년이 높을 수록 아침식사 섭취율은 낮았다. 아침식사를 걸르는 理由는 대부분 登校時間에 쫓기거나 食慾이 없는 것으로 나타나 아침식사 管理 對策이 필요하다.
아침식사 내용은 밥과 국이 대부분이고 도시락은 대부분 持參하는 것으로 나타나 도시락이 한끼니 營養을 대신할 수 있는 質的인 面의 營養이 考慮되어야 한다.
3. 營養知議 習得은 국민학생은 부모님, 남자 중학생은 TV, 라디오, 여자 중학생은 學校修業을 통하여 얻고 있으며 營養知識 程度는 여학생이 남학생보다, 給食學校 學生이 非給食學校 학생보다 더 높았다.
4. 食生活 態度面은 衛生的이었으며 兒童中心으로 食生活을 하고 있고 偏食實態는 국민학생과 남자 중학생은 特定野茶, 여자 중학생은 기름진 음식을 偏食하고 있어 특히 비타민, 무기질, 동물성 단백질의 缺乏憂慮가 豫想되고 있다.
間食은 대부분 攝取하고 있으며 맛 위주로 選擇하는 傾向이었다. 飮料選擇은 남학생은 탄산음료, 여학생은 우유를 가장 많이 마시고 가장 좋아하는 間食類는 과자, 빵, 케익류이고 다음이 우유 및 유제품, 과일의 順이었다.
5. 營養知識과 一般環境과의 관계는 營養知識이 높을 수록 부모의 敎育水準이 높고 營養知識 水準이 높을 수록 食事時間이 規則的이었다.
6. 營養知識과 食事攝取 實態의 關係는 營養知識이 높을 수록 식사시간이 규칙적이었다.
7. 아침식사 攝取率은 營養知識 水準과 관계가 없었고 食事의 槪念은 營養知識 水準이 낮을 수록 식사시간과 간식의 區別없이 아무때나 먹고 싶을 때 먹고 있었다.
8. 營養知識과 營養敎育과의 관계는 營養知識이 높을 수록 학교 修業을 통해, 營養知識이 낮을수록 신문, 잡지, TV, 라디오에 의해 營養知識을 얻고 있었다. 營養知識 實踐度는 영양지식이 높을 수록 실생활에 反映度가 높으며 영양지식이 높을 수록 어머니나 학교로부터 營養敎育을 받고 營養敎育後 과거에 비해 營養에 대하여 더 관심이 생겼으며 營養知識이 낮을수록 變化가 없었다.
營養知識이 높을 수록 衛生的인 食生活 態度를 보였고 混紛食의 實踐慶가 높았다. 飮料選擇은 영양지식이 높을 수록 우유를 많이 마시고 영양지식이 낮을 수록 탄산음료를 마시고 있었다.
영양지식이 높을 수록 間食攝取率이 높고 점심과 저녁식사 중간에 攝取하는 傾向이나 영양지식이 낮을 수록 밤이나 아침식사 전에 섭취하는 비율이 영양지식이 높은 集團에 비해 높다.
좋아하는 間食類는 營養知識이 높을 수록 과일류, 우유 및 유제품을 좋아하나 영양지식이 낮을 수록 加工麵類等 炭水化物 種類를 좋아하고 있었다.
以上과 같은 結果에 의해 다음과 같은 提言을 하고자 한다.
初·中學生들의 營養知識은 남학생에 비해 여학생이, 非給食 學校 학생들에 비하여 給食學校 학생들의 營養知識 水準이 높은 結果로 나타나 營養敎育의 底邊化를 위하여 給食을 擴大 實施하고 中, 高等學校에서 남학생들에게도 家政科 敎育을 賦課함이 절대 필요하다고 생각한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The analyzing result in this study investigated the relation with nutritive knowledge, attitude of taking meal life, degree of nutritive education with nutritive knowledge, review of meal taking, their general environment to 570 persons of male & female students of Primary school and 330 persons of male & female students of Middle schools downtown in Seoul for the purpose of investigating the condition of taking meal life with nutritive knowledge for Primary and Middle School students is as follows.
1. In the educational level of parents for the concerned students, father 48.5% Universities or Colleges graduates, mother 36.8% high school graduates occupies the most. The parental age is father for 55.6% mother for 44.3% with ages between 40 and 45 occupied the most. Father's occupation is mainly Company employees which sows 23.3% and mother has had occupation about 32.2%.
2. The meal time is rather regular. Taking breakfast for primary school students show high in percentage ratio rather than Middle school students. The most the grade goes up, the ration of taking breakfast showed low. The reason why they don't take breakfast is because most of them don't have appitide or going to schools taking breakfast showed low. The reason why they don't take breakfast is because most of them don't have appitide or going to schools in time for fear of being late that's why the policy controling breakfast is necessary. The details of breakfast chiefly consists of rice and soup and showed most of students took lunch boxes. As the lunch meal is only one meal, good nutritive food must be considered in every respect.
3. The acquisition of nutritive knowledge obtained through parents for Primary school students, male middle school students from T.V. & radio and female middle school students from school lessons. The degree of nutritive knowledge showed high to female students rather than male students, students of food supply schools showed high rather than the students of non food supply school.
4. The attitude respect in meal life is sanitative, take meal in the point of children. The condition of unbalanced diet of Primary school students and male middle school students are specific vegetables, and the female middle school students take unbalanced diet of kind of oil food therefore it is anticipated to lack of vitamins, minerals, animal protein. Most of them take food for snack and was apt to select food being delicious first. The beverage selection for male students is chiefly carbonated beverage and the female students drink milk a lots. The most favorable kind of snack are cakes, bread, candies and the next are milk, milk products and fruits.
5. With regard to relationship of nutritive knowledge and general environment the educational level of the parents are higher the more the nutritive knowledge and the employment ratio of bather getting higher the more the nutritive knowledge less.
6. With regard to relationship of the nutritive knowledge and condition of taking meal is that the more the nutritive knowledge goes up, the meal time will be regular.
7. The breakfast taking ratio is no relation with educational level and as for meal intention, the more the nutritive knowledge goes par, they eat antime they want without discrimination of meal time and snack.
8. As for the relation with nutritive knowledge and nutritive education, the more the nutritive knowledge goes up through school lesson, the less the nutritive knowledge goes down, they obtain nutritive knowledge by the newspaper, magazine, T.V. Radio. The practical degree for the nutritive knowledge is higher to the influence of practical life as the more nutritive knowledge goes up and mother receive education from school the more they take nutritive knowledge and gave rise of deep concern as to the nutrition compared to the past after being educated of nutrition. There was no change the less the nutritive knowledge.
The more nutritive knowledge goes up, it showed sanitative meal life and practiced highly of mixed grain. The beverage selection is that they drink lots of milk the more they know the nutritive knowledge and drink carbonated beverages for low class less knowing the nutritive knowledge.
The more the nutritive knowledge goes high, the radio of taking snack food going higher, tender to take food for snack between Lunch and dinner.
The more the nutritive knowledge goes below, the ratio of taking food before breakfast or night time is high be compared to the high group of nutritive knowledge. Kind of favorable food for snack for those students with higher nutritive knowledge take a variety of fruits, milk, milk products and the lower nutritive knowledge take processing products, carbohydrate and so on.
I am going to suggest the following as result of aforementioned. It showed the female students for Primary & Middle School are high in nutritive knowledge be compared to the male students, and the students of food supply school are high in the nutritive knowledge rather than the students of non food supply schools and the food supply should be expanded for the purpose of renovation of nutritive education and I think it is inevitable necessary to impose education to come and middle and high school students.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 目次
• 國文要約 = iii
• I. 序論 = 1
• II. 文獻的 背景 = 3
• III. 硏究方法 = 8
• 1. 표집대상 및 자료수집 = 8
• 2. 측정도구 = 8
• 3. 자료분석
• IV. 硏究結果 및 考察 = 10
• 1. 조사대상자의 일반환경 = 10
• 2. 식사섭취 실태 = 12
• 3. 영양지식과 영양교육 정도 = 16
• 4. 식생활 태도 = 23
• 5. 영양지식과 관련요인과의 관계 = 29
• V. 結論 및 提言 = 39
• 符? = 44
• 參考文獻 = 53
• 英文抄錄 = 57