The human body maintains overall homeostasis by maintaining the normal temperature range through the use of an elaborate and complex temperature control system. The purpose of this study was to investigate
the pattern of temperature change that varies...
The human body maintains overall homeostasis by maintaining the normal temperature range through the use of an elaborate and complex temperature control system. The purpose of this study was to investigate
the pattern of temperature change that varies in each bodypart and location, bymonitoringthe body surface temperature (Tbs) and gastrointestinal core temperature (Tgi) simultaneously upon exercise. This study also aims to comprehensively examine the patterns of variation in Tbs and Tgi upon exercise, in addition to analyzing the effects of two different intensities (ⓐ35% and 65% of target heart rate [THR]) of aerobic exercise on Tbs, Tgi, and energy metabolic regulatory factors, such as heart rate, energy consumption, metabolic equivalent, and oxygen consumption. Ten healthy young males participated in two consecutive experiments to perform treadmill running at the exercise intensity of 35% and 65% THR for 40 min. Upon exercise, the heart rate was continuously monitored using a wireless heart rate sensor (Polar S610; Polar Electro Oy, Finland), and the treadmill speed was controlled to prevent the heart rate from deviating outside a set range (±5 times heart rate). The participant changed into a light exercise outfit upon arrival at the lab, and wore the wireless heart rate sensor and an accelerometer (Triaxial ActiGraph Accelerometer, model GT3X⁺ , USA). The participant also took an e-Celsius capsule with water at room temperature for core temperature measurement. To collect blood samples (approximately 70 μL), a capillary tube (Heparinized Capillary Tube, Kimble Chase Life Science and Research Products LLC, USA) was used to puncture the tip of a finger, and blood was collected four times: pre-exercise (PreE-30), 20 min exercise (Exe-20), 40 min exercise (Exe-40), and 30 min after exercise (Rec-30) for subsequent blood biochemistry analyses. Analysis of the results of changes in energy consumption, oxygen consumption, and metabolic equivalent according to varying exercise intensities showed that all variables were at a significantly higher level for 65% THR exercise than for 35% THR exercise. The changes in Tgi and Tbs according to different exercise intensities showed that Tbs decreased as exercise continued without being influenced by exercise intensities, but Tgi increased as exercise continued so that a higher level was maintained for 65% THR exercise than for 35% THR exercise. Analysis of the results of changes in metabolic substrate concentrations in blood showed that glucose was lower, but lactic acid was higher at 65% THR than at 35% THR at Exe-20 than at any other conditions, and creatinine level was significantly higher at Exe-20 and Exe-40 than at PreE-30 and significantly lower at Rec-30 than at Exe-20. For gas components, the changes in PCO2 in blood showed that the level was significantly lower at Exe-20 and Exe-40 than at Pre-30, the level of PO2 in blood was higher at Exe-20 and Exe-40 than at Rec-30, and the level of K+ in blood revealed an overall increase as exercise continued. In summary, as far as the results from this study are concerned neither Tgi nor Tbs was significantly influenced by exercise intensities, while an increase in Tgi and decrease in Tbs was observed as the time of exercise progressed. The results are anticipated to serve as the essential basic data for elucidating the comprehensive physiological mechanisms of temperature control in the human body upon exercise. The understanding of the reciprocal relationship among various metabolic variables and body temperature according to various exercise intensities and durations will contribute to elucidating the homeostasis control mechanisms during exercise. Keywords: gastrointestinal core temperature, body surface temperature, metabolic variables, energy consumption.