아동용 간편 5요인 성격검사 타당화 연구 = Validation Study of a Short Five Factor Personality Scale for Children

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 성인 관찰자뿐만 아니라 아동 본인들도 간편하게 이용할 수 있는 아동용 성격 5요인 성격검사를 구성하고, 이 척도에 대한 신뢰도 및 타당도 증거를 확보하는 것이었다. 이를 위해 독립적인 표본을 사용한 두 개의 연구를 수행하였다. 연구 1에서는 Big-Five Scale for the California Child Q-Set(John et al., 1994)에 대한 초등학교 6학년생(N=447)과 부모 응답 자료의 탐색적 요인분석 결과를 바탕으로 성격 5요인의 구성개념을 최대한 반영할 수 있는 18개 문항의 성격 5요인 척도를 구성하였다. 연구 2에서는 초등학생 5, 6학년생(N=334)과 그들의 부모 및 교사로 이루어진 표본으로부터 연구 1에서 구성된 성격 5요인 척도 및 성격 5요인과 관련성을 가지는 변인들에 대한 자료를 수집하였다. 연구 2에서 성격 5요인 척도 자료에 대한 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, 아동과 부모자료 모두에서 수용할 만한 전반적 적합도를 보였으며, 문항들의 요인부하값도 대체로 양호한 편이었다. 또한 성격 5요인에 대한 아동과 부모의 평가 간 상관계수들도 기존 연구들에서 보고된 수준과 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 성격 5요인과 관련 변인들과의 상관관계도 기존의 연구결과와 대체로 일치하여 추가적인 구성타당도 증거를 제공하였다. 종합적으로 이러한 결과들은 본 연구에서 구성된 아동용 간편 성격 5요인 척도의 타당도를 지지하고 있다. 본 연구결과의 함의, 제한점, 그리고 향후 연구방향에 대해 논의하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Two studies were conducted to construct and to validate a short five factor personality scale for children, which can be used by children as well as adult raters. Study 1 selected 18 items to measure the five personality factors from Big-Five Scale for the California Child Q-Set(John et al., 1994) based on exploratory factor analyses on the data from 6th grade elementary school students(N=447) and their parents. Study 2 collected data from another independent sample that is consisted of 5 & 6th grade elementary school students(N=334), their parents, and their teachers. Confirmatory factor analyses on the data showed acceptable model fits and generally adequate factor loadings. The correlation coefficients between the five personality factors and related variables provided additional construct validity evidence. Taken together, the results support the validity of this short five factor personality scale for children. The implications of the findings and limitations as well as future research directions were discussed.

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