The goal of the present study was to develop and validate a scale for vocational concern for college senior students and figure out their latent classes based on the scale developed. The vocational concern checklist consisted of four components with 1...
The goal of the present study was to develop and validate a scale for vocational concern for college senior students and figure out their latent classes based on the scale developed. The vocational concern checklist consisted of four components with 16 items: Self-awareness (4 items), Occupational Information (4 items), Career Decision-making (4 items), and Job-seeking Skills (4 items).
A total of five steps were conducted to develop and validate the scale and to figure out latent classes of college senior students. In Step 1, the college senior participants responded on multiple-choice and open-ended questions. Based on the responses, the initial 20 items of the new scale were developed. In Step 2, exploratory factor analysis was conducted with the initial items of the scale to select the final items. Among the 20 items, however, 3 items were considered inappropriate. The 3 items were revised, and some of the items were eliminated to enhance validity of the current scale. In order to select the final items, another exploratory factor analysis was conducted in Step 3. A total of 16 items were finalized based on the four components. In Step 4, the confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis were conducted with the following scales: Career Preparation Behavior Scale, Job-seeking Anxiety Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale. In Step 5, latent class analysis was conducted to identify the latent classes among college senior students. Also, in order to figure out the characteristics of each group, ANOVA was conducted with related scales.
The present study had several limitations. First, the use of a homogenous sample in terms of education level may contribute to a lack of generalizability. Second, job-seeking skills concern, one of the four dimensions of the developed scale, may be subjective to changes in job market and may not cover every company’s employment system. Third, the four-dimension model of the scale may differ from society, country, and culture.
Although there are several limitations, the present study has both empirical and clinical implications. First, this study presented the psychometric measure of the vocational concern checklist. Second, the development and validation of the present scale would enable further studies to expand and advance their research designs. Third, latent class analysis based on vocational concern helps researchers to better understand the college senior students. Fourth, the present study would help career counselors to increase the awareness of clients’ vocational concern with validated scale. Fifth, the results of LCA help counselors understand college senior students better so that counselors can find right and effective intervention.