The purpose of this study is to improve the employment performance of North Korean defectors who are worse than South Korean residents. To this end, the characteristics of North Korean defectors with the characteristics of refugees and immigrants were...
The purpose of this study is to improve the employment performance of North Korean defectors who are worse than South Korean residents. To this end, the characteristics of North Korean defectors with the characteristics of refugees and immigrants were confirmed. In addition, this study explored Human Capital Theory, Assimilation Theory, and Social Network Theory and Independent variables were extracted from each theory to reveal the effect on employment performance.
The analysis data are data from 'A comparative social policy study on welfare politics in the era of unification: a comparison between South Korean residents and North Korean defectors'.
The analysis methods are descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression analysis.
The main analysis results are as follows.
First, the educational background, the presence or absence of a job in North Korea, and the completion of vocational education and training in South Korea did not significantly affect employment.
Second, the period of residence in South Korea did not significantly affect employment.
Third, the size of the social network and the job search path using the social network had a significant effect on employment. Specifically, the larger the size of the social network, the higher the probability of employment. The more used the social network when looking for a job, the more likely to be in employment.
The implications of the study are as follows.
First, through literature research, theories related to immigration were examined and factors influencing employment of North Korean defectors were identified.
Second, through quantitative research studies, it was confirmed that the size of the social network and the job search path using the social network had a significant effect on the employment performance of North Korean defectors.
Third, the size of the social network of North Korean defectors was measured using a standardized scale. In addition, the effect on employment performance was analyzed.
The measures to improve the employment performance of North Korean defectors are as follows.
First, it is necessary to strengthen the provision of job search information for North Korean defectors. In foreign countries, job search information for immigrants is provided through local communities and Internet portals. Employment information is provided through the Worknet in Korea, but it is found that there are few cases where North Korean defectors use job search information through the Internet, and measures should be devised to increase accessibility of North Korean defectors.
Second, individual characteristics should be considered through a vocational aptitude test for North Korean defectors, and vocational training related to employment should be conducted. It is necessary to introduce customized vocational training along with individual career counseling to North Korean defectors who suffer from lack of job information.
Third, it is necessary to improve the system to recognize the qualifications obtained by North Korean defectors in North Korea. As a result of the analysis, it is highly likely that Human Capital in North Korea did not affect employment performance because education and experience in North Korea were not properly recognized in South Korea. In this regard, a realistic and systematic system should be introduced in South Korea to evaluate qualifications such as licenses in North Korea and recognize qualifications through remuneration education and retraining.