The purposes of this study were to explore variables for successful tutoring, which have not been yet clarified so far, and to find out their influence on the learning satisfaction with the tutoring. The specific purposes are as follows:
(1) To cla...
The purposes of this study were to explore variables for successful tutoring, which have not been yet clarified so far, and to find out their influence on the learning satisfaction with the tutoring. The specific purposes are as follows:
(1) To clarify relationships among the learning satisfaction with the tutoring, learners’ self-efficacy, subjective norms, self-directed learning ability, interdependence, peer closeness, perceived usefulness, flow in a group, and satisfaction about tutors.
(2) To investigate whether self-efficacy and subjective norms as intervening variables have moderate effects on learning satisfaction of self-directed learning ability, interdependence, peer closeness, perceived usefulness, flow in a group, and satisfaction about tutors.
A questionnaire survey was carried out with 143 students attending a tutoring course provided at the dormitory of K University in Seoul. A measuring tool was developed by the researcher after reviewing related previous literature. For descriptive statistics, frequencies, means, and correlation coefficients including internal alpha coefficient were calculated with the SAS 9.2. Several one way ANOVAs were implemented for the first objective. Meanwhile, t-tests were conducted for the second objectives after converting correlation coefficients to Fisher’s Z scores. In addition, a factor analysis was conducted to produce convergent validities.
The following results were obtained based on the major findings from the statistical results.
First, all the selected independent variables (self-efficacy, subjective norms, self-directed learning ability, interdependence, peer closeness, perceived usefulness, flow in a group, and satisfaction about tutors) turned out to have significant influence on the learning satisfaction with the tutoring.
Second, self-efficacy was identified having intermediate effects on the flow into a group and the tutor satisfaction. This may suggests that self-efficacy has positive influence on the learning satisfaction with the tutoring through the flow into a group and tutor satisfaction.
Lastly, subjective norm was also identified having an intermediate effect on the self-directed learning. This suggests that higher subjective norms have a positive influence on self-directed learning ability and then it affects the learning satisfaction in turn.