황산리튬으로부터 침전 및 습식 전환법을 통한 수산화리튬 제조 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

As the demand for High-Ni cathode materials increases rapidly, the importance of lithium hydroxide is emerging. Accordingly, it is necessary to study the efficient production method of lithium hydroxide monohydrate, which is an essential precursor for the production of lithium ion battery cathode materials. The purpose of this study is to explore the method of producing lithium hydroxide monohydrate from lithium sulfate monohydrate. First, lithium sulfate monohydrate was pyrolyzed and separated into lithium sulfate and water. After that, various precipitating agents (KOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, Ba(OH)2)) were used to compare and analyze the lithium hydroxide conversion rate of the lithium sulfate solution. As a result of the experiment, when Ba(OH)2 was used, the conversion rate was the highest at 95%. In consideration of the high conversion rate of Ba(OH)2, the optimization experiment was conducted with the lithium sulfate concentration, the reaction temperature, and the reaction ratio with the precipitating agent as variables, and a filtration process was performed to remove the precipitate. Finally, the conversion rate and lithium recovery rate of the lithium hydroxide solution were evaluated. The finally produced lithium hydroxide solution was dried at a temperature of 90°C or higher for 24 hours in a vacuum-Ar atmosphere to obtain 99.8% high-purity lithium hydroxide monohydrate.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구 배경 및 필요성 1
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 4
• 1. 수산화리튬(LiOH) 4
• 2. 리튬 추출 기술 6
• 1) 스포듀민 정광 6
• (1) 산 처리법 7
• (2) 알칼리 처리법 8
• 2) 염호 9
• 3. 배터리 재활용 기술 11
• 1) 전처리 공정 (Preliminary treatment processes) 12
• (1) 기계적 전처리 13
• (2) 열처리 14
• (3) 화학적 전처리 15
• 2) 건식제련공정 (Pyrometallurgy) 15
• (1) 제련 16
• (2) 열 환원 17
• (3) 배소 19
• 3) 습식제련공정 (Hydrometallurgy) 19
• (1) 산 침출 20
• (2) 염기 침출 21
• (3) 용매 추출 21
• (4) 화학적 침전 22
• 4. 기업별 리튬 재활용 기술 22
• 1) Umicore 22
• 2) 영풍 23
• 3) 성일하이텍 24
• Ⅲ. 실험 재료 및 방법 25
• 1. 개요 25
• 1) 성분 분석 25
• 2) 실험 장비 27
• 2. 실험 방법 30
• 1) 공정도 30
• 2) 황산리튬 열분해 31
• 3) 황산리튬과 침전제 종류별 반응을 통한 최적 침전제 선정 35
• 4) 황산리튬으로부터 수산화리튬 제조 36
• Ⅳ. 실험 결과 및 고찰 41
• 1. 황산리튬의 열분해 41
• 2. 황산리튬과 침전제 종류별 반응을 통한 최적 침전제 선정 45
• 3. 황산리튬으로부터 수산화리튬 제조 54
• Ⅴ. 결론 62
• 참고문헌 64