존재에서 연역된 윤리학: 플라톤과 루소 = Ethics Deducted from Being: Plato and Rousseau

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Rousseau`s ethics is a work to redefine moral concepts abstracted by Christianity and contemporary philosophy. It is a analogy with the work of Socrates and Plato to redefine those abstracted and secularized by Sophist. Socrates and Plato define ``the goodness(to agathon)`` and ``arete(virtue) as a state of ``to be`` which is only ``being`` and ``dikaiosyne(justice)`` in relation with keeping the state. Similarly, Rousseau define ``the goodness(le bien)`` as a state to act on God`s will which is absolute being, ``the goodness(la bonte)`` and ``justice`` as two motives to make act on the will. The end of their works reducing ethics to ontology is to restore the relation between act and morality disconnected by existing moral concepts. They redefine epistemologically moral concepts and make knowing of ``being`` link moral to act. But because this knowledge is defined as the object that most of the people can not acquire, the link by general education is impossible. Thus their ethics extend politics. Consequentially, reading Rousseau through concepts of modern ethics separated from transcendental ontology can make misunderstand the relation between Rousseau`s ethics and politics. This study tries to find a solution to the problem by investigating relation between Rousseau`s ontology and ethics.

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