Although researches related to the recent multi-cultural acceptability in the country have been actively carried out and interests are increasing as Korea enters as a multi-cultural society, researches on adolescence, which is the time to establish se...
Although researches related to the recent multi-cultural acceptability in the country have been actively carried out and interests are increasing as Korea enters as a multi-cultural society, researches on adolescence, which is the time to establish self-identity and values, are lacking compared to researches on adults, and the discussion for practical development of multi-cultural acceptability is also needed.
Meanwhile, this research focused on the effect of school and local community relation of adolescents on multi-cultural acceptability and was conducted with the purpose of revealing whether a community spirit contributes to the enhancement of multi-cultural acceptability among school and local community relation of adolescents and multi-cultural acceptability. Moreover, the research plans to provide practical evidence of social welfare by examining the difference in the gender of adolescents and the difference according to whether they live in a dense area with multi-cultural families to seek an approach to promote multi-cultural acceptability of adolescents in various ways.
To verify the research model proposed in this research, the research was conducted based on the 6th year data of grade 4 panel of Korean Children and Youth Pane Survey (KCYPS), that is, 1,923 grade 9 students in 2015. Technical statistical analysis and correlation analysis of research data used SPSS 22.0, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis was conducted through AMOS 24.0 and the hypothesis on the suitability of research model and causal relationship between variables was verified. In addition, multi-group analysis was conducted according to the gender and whether they live in a dense area with multi-cultural families.
The main analysis results of this research are as follows.
First, it was confirmed that the multi-cultural acceptability becomes higher as adolescents’ school relationships, which are peer relationship and teacher-student relationship, is more positive and as the level of community spirit is higher. On the other hand, it was confirmed that multi-cultural acceptability becomes lower as local community relation is positive.
Second, it was confirmed that the community consciousness is likely to increase as adolescents’ school relationships, which are peer relationship and teacher -student relationship, is more positive.
Third, it was confirmed that community spirit has a meaningful mediation effect on adolescents' school relationship, local community relationship and relationship of multi-cultural acceptability
Fourth, the result of verifying the difference according to the gender showed that there is no difference according to the gender in all routes among school relationship, local community relationship, community spirit, and multi-cultural acceptability.
Fifth, as a result of verifying the difference between the two groups according whether they live in a dense area with multi-cultural families, it was shown that the school relationship based on community spirit influenced students who do not live in a dense area with multi-cultural families more in the route towards multi-cultural acceptability
The conclusion and implications for promotion of multi-cultural acceptability of adolescents are as follows.
First, to increase multi-cultural acceptability of adolescents, it is necessary to intervene to improve peer relationship and teacher-student relationship in school, where they spend more time than at home. Since adolescents form sociability development or positive self-esteem through peer interaction, the intervention to form positive peer relation is necessary. In the case of teacher-student relationship, the intervention to establish positive teacher-student relationship and to increase multi-cultural acceptance of the teachers themselves are needed as adolescents accept the attitude or value of the teachers
Second, although it was expected that multi-cultural acceptability would increase as local community relation becomes better, it showed that it gives negative influences. This implies that, it is difficult to accept people of other races and other cultures as local community relationship is better because the relationships between local community members are exclusive or coherent. In this regard, as local community relationship is more coherent and as there are difficulties for adolescents with multi-cultural family background to coexist and live together, the education to increase the multi-cultural acceptability of local community atmosphere, in which the adolescents belong to, and the entire local community members is needed and an effective intervention ways are required.
Third, when multi-group analysis was conducted to examine whether the school relationships, local community relationships, community spirit and multi-cultural acceptability differed according to whether they live in a dense area with multi-cultural families, there seemed a need of differentiated intervention method according to they live in a dense area with multi-cultural families as the school relationships of students who do not live in such had greater impact on multi-cultural acceptability based on the community spirit. This can be interpreted that more experiences of contact with adolescents of multi-cultural family are not directly related to multi-cultural acceptability. Hence, there seems a need of intervention of activities and programs that allow ordinary adolescents and adolescents of multi-cultural family to understand each other rather than them simply contacting each other.