시대별 오케스트라의 변천과 지휘법에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The orchestra is an ensemble composed of string instrument, wind instrument and percussion instrument. In ancient Greece, it called the stage where the choir sang and danced in an outdoor theater which is an amphitheater.
The orchestra emphasizes the diversity of tone, wide range and variety of expression rather than other things, because each instrument has own tones and transliteration. Therefore, the role of the orchestra conducting has changed and the tools used for conducting have also been developed. Today, we consider the use of a baton as natural, but it is relatively recent in the history of mankind that the status of the conductor has been established and the baton have begun to be used. In the 17th century Baroque period, it began to form
naturally as musical instruments developed. Also, the composer and conveying the beginning of the music. While the violin emerged as an important musical instrument, the violinist led the performance of the fiddlestick or the double conductor with the pianist became popular.
It is the 19th century that today’s conductor who led the orchestra expressed the whole interpretation of music with responsibility was taken form. As the scale of the orchestra grows and the contents of music become complicated and diverse, the duty of the conductor is to interpret and recreate the music.
It is very important that the position of the orchestra, especially classical music, among musical activities of modern society. In modern times, professional conductors lead the orchestra and their role has been extended to various ways of the phrases, dynamics, articulation and overall musical effects included informing the rhythm and speed.
This paper summarizes and analyzes the changes of the orchestra by the period and the historical conducting method from ancient times to the present. I hope that this paper will be helpful to the conductors who conduct orchestras.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 서론 1
• 1.1. 연구 의의 및 목적 1
• 1.2. 연구 방법 및 범위 1
• 2. 오케스트라
• 2.1. 오케스트라 2
• 2.2. 오케스트라의 어원 2
• 2.3. 오케스트라의 발전 3
• 2.3.1. 바로크시대의 오케스트라 4
• 2.3.2. 고전주의시대 오케스트라 5
• 2.3.3. 19세기의 오케스트라 5
• 2,3,4, 20세기의 오케스트라 6
• 2.4. 시대별 오케스트라의 변천 7
• 2.4.1. 고대시대 7
• 2.4.2. 중세시대 8
• 2.4.3. 르네상스 8
• 2.4.4. 바로크시대 9
• 2.4.5. 고전음악시대 14
• 2.4.6. 낭만시대 15
• 2.4.7. 현대 17
• 3. 시대별 지휘18
• 3.1. 고대의 지휘 18
• 3.2. 중세와 르네상스의 지휘19
• 3.3. 바로크시대의 지휘 21
• 3.4. 고전시대의 지휘24
• 3.5. 낭만시대의 지휘 26
• 3.6. 19시 말에서 20세기 후반의 지휘 30
• 3.7. 지휘의 자세 31
• 3.8. 지휘자의 지휘봉 32
• 3.9. 지휘테크닉 34
• 3.9.1. 박의 모형 34
• 4. 오케스트라 악기 편성
• 4.1. 오케스트라 좌석배치 40
• 4.2. 현악기군 41
• 4.3. 목관악기군 43
• 4.4. 금관악기군 45
• 4.5. 타악기군 47
• 4.6. 스코어 48
• 5. 결론 51
• 참고문헌 53
• Abstract 57