합천 해인사 원당암 목조아미타여래삼존상의 특징과 제작시기 = Characteristics of the Wooden Amitabha Triad in Wondangam Hermitage of Haeinsa Temple and Suggestion of its Manufaturing

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Recent discovery of objects as enshrined relics concealed inside the wooden Amitabha triad of Wondangam hermitage at Haeinsa Temple provides important materials to estimate the manufacturing date of the triad. The purpose of this study is to estimate its date through a comprehensive examination of historical references and stylistic analysis.
A large-scale reconstruction of Haeinsa Temple was undertaken for three years from 1488 to 1490. Its related documents can specify major donors for the grand-scale Buddhist project, and this reconstruction was lavishly supported by the Joseon royal court.
Master Hakjo was in charge of the reconstruction project. The records that refer to his leading roles in the reconstruction of Wondangam in 1495 and the publication of Buddhist scriptures at the hermitage provide convincing evidence to succeed Buddhist projects of Haeinsa Temple led by Master Hakjo residing at Wondangam.
The wooden Amitabha triad of Wondangam is composed of Amitabha, Avalokitesvara, and Ksitigarbha. Amitabha buddha of the triad can be compared with the Buddha statues of the late 15th century such as Amitabha Buddha at Heukseoksa Temple(1458) and at Cheonjusa Temple(1482). What makes it interesting is that these statues might lead to similar characteristics with other Buddha statues manufactured in North Gyeongsang Province.
Kṣitigarbha statue of the triad is portrayed as a buddhist monk with shaven head, a typical iconographic feature of Kṣitigarbha during the first half of the Joseon period. The Avalokitesvara also shows similar features with Avalokitesvara statue of Gwaneumsa Temple(1502). Regarding its style, the Avalokitesvara of the triad might be able to confirm its date to the late 15th century.
Moreover, the objects discovered from the triad such as sarira, cylindrical huryeongtong (候鈴筒), and the others, were closely linked to those from the Vairocana Buddha at Haeinsa Temple of 1490. The practice of consecrating Buddha statues by storing these objects as contents seems to have developed into a specific regional type including Haeinsa Temple area. In so doing, an examination of textual records can make the commission of the Amitabha triad match with the reconstruction of Wondangam in 1495 led by Master Hakjo.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 조선 전기 해인사 및 원당암 중창과 학조대사
• Ⅲ. 목조아미타여래삼존상과 복장물
• Ⅳ. 목조아미타삼존여래상의 제작시기와 왕실 후원
• Ⅴ. 맺음말
• 참고문헌
• ABSTRACT

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 정은우, "龍門寺 木造阿彌陀如來坐像의 특징과 願文 분석" 미술사연구회 (22) : 93-116, 2008

2 이분희, "金山寺 五層石塔 舍利莊嚴具 考察 - 탑 안에 봉안된 불상을 중심으로" 동악미술사학회 (15) : 117-143, 2013

3 김리나, "한국불교미술사" 미진사 2011

4 유대호, "조선 전기 지장보살상 연구" 한국미술사학회 279280 (279280): 93-118, 2013

5 어준일, "조선 전기 16세기의 불교조각 연구" 불교미술사학회 16 : 73-111, 2013

6 허형욱, "전라남도 順天市 梅谷洞 석탑 발견 成化四年(1468)銘 청동불감과금동아미타삼존불좌상" 70-71 : 2004

7 "원당"

8 문명대, "왕룡사원의 1466년작 목아미타불좌상의 연구" 한국불교미술사학회 (28) : 3-24, 2007

9 "세조실록"

10 "성종실록"

11 김광희, "무위사 극락보전 아미타여래삼존상 연구" 불교미술사학회 18 : 161-192, 2014

12 법보 종찰 해인사·문화재청, "대적광전·법보전 비로자나불 복장유물조사보고서" 법보 종찰 해인사·문화재청 2008

13 윤근영, "고려후기·조선전기 보살상의 당초문겹보관 연구" 홍익대학교대학원 2016

14 崔素林, "黑石寺 木造阿彌陀佛坐像 硏究" 15 : 2000

15 김영선, "高峰和尙禪要 板本考" 14 : 1997

16 손영문, "海印寺 法寶殿 및 大寂光殿 木造毘盧遮那佛像의 硏究" 한국미술사학회 270 (270): 5-34, 2011

17 김영선, "海印寺 事蹟 刊本考" 19 : 2000

18 崔聖銀, "朝鮮初期 佛敎彫刻의 對外關係" 한국불교미술사학회 (19) : 41-58, 2002

19 한국전통문화학교 전통문화연수원, "天聖山 觀音寺 木造觀音菩薩坐像 조사보고서" 한국전통문화학교 전통문화연수원 2010

20 李智冠, "伽倻山海印寺誌" 가산문고 1992

21 최선일, "17세기 후반 彫刻僧 勝浩의 활동과 불상 연구" 한국불교선리연구원 (8) : 83-119, 2010

22 김광희, "16세기 菩薩像 연구" 동아시아문물연구학술재단 14 (14): 103-136, 2008

23 정은우, "1502년명 천성산 관음사 목조보살좌상 연구" 석당학술원 (48) : 53-87, 2010

24 박아연, "1493年 水鍾寺 석탑 봉안 왕실발원 불상군 연구" 한국미술사학회 (269) : 5-37, 2011