조건부확률 개념의 교수학적 분석과 이해 분석 = A Didactic Analysis of Conditional Probability

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The notions of conditional probability and independence are fundamental to all aspects of probabilistic reasoning. Several previous studies identified some misconceptions in students' thinking in conditional probability. However, they have not analyzed enough the nature of conditional probability.
The purpose of this study was to analyze conditional probability and students' knowledge on conditional probability. First, we analyzed the conditional probability from mathematical, historico-genetic, psychological, epistemological points of view, and identified the essential aspects of the conditional probability. Second, we investigated the high school students' and undergraduate students' thinking in conditional probability and independence. The results showed that the students have some misconceptions and difficulties to solve some tasks with regard to conditional probability. Based on these analysis, the characteristics of reasoning about conditional probability are investigated and some suggestions are elicited.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구는 조건부확률 개념에 대한 교수학적 분석을 시도하고, 학생들의 조건부확률 개념의 이해에 관하여 분석하였다. 수학적, 역사 발생적, 심리학적, 인식론적 관점의 분석을 통하여, 조건사건을 표본공간으로 하는 확률이라는 대상 개념, 사전확률이 사후확률로 변화하는 확률 수정의 과정 개념, 조건사건의 확인, 사건의 시간 순서와 조건관계의 구분, 인과관계와 조건관계의 구분, 가추적 사고의 이해가 조건부확률 이해의 핵심적인 요소임을 확인하였다. 또한, 고등학생과 대학생의 지필 검사와 면담을 통하여 학생들의 이해와 오개념에 대해 분석하였다. 이를 토대로 교육과정에의 시사점을 도출하였다.

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