This study is a response to the social demand for the community revitalization in the architecture respect and investigates the architectural type of the community welfare cultural center. In relations to the purpose for the community revitalization, ...
This study is a response to the social demand for the community revitalization in the architecture respect and investigates the architectural type of the community welfare cultural center. In relations to the purpose for the community revitalization, the community welfare cultural center was defined as the architecture with publicness. So, the architectural spaces of the past, which attributed to revitalize the community by having the publicness, were sorted out according to each period. Before analyzing the selected architectural spaces, this study defined the meaning of publicness and organized six items necessary for the architectural space to acquire the publicness. And those items included connectivity, accessibility, openness, amenity, stayness and placeness. After that, those items were applied in order to examine Acropolis and Agora in Greece, forum and Thermae in Rome, Siena’s Piazza del Campo of the middle ages, and the Piazza San Marco which was lasted over 1000 years in Venice.
As for the initial result, the common feature was derived from the Architectural space with the publicness. The characteristics of the common feature are shown as follows. Most of all, this space was multi-functional as various kinds of facilities were gathered there so, it was able to attract the people by complying with the individuals’ various demands. And each visitor didn’t feel any exclusivity of the space, at the same time each of them should be able to use its multi-function selectively with the degree of freedom. For this to be possible, the space is necessary to be where the circulation of each individual overlaps, but not the specific single function is undertaken. Like this, since the space could be seen as empty from a city point of view, on the contrary, the space became where people’s circulation were overlapped and interchange occurred, and also was able to be changed to the event space in which could appeal to the public (the community ) not only to the each individual. And this type of empty space was the core feature in agora, forum and plaza are examples of this type of space. The buildings which set bounds to the space by surrounding the plaza had various kinds of functions and these were unified centering around the plaza.
In order to examine that the common feature among the architectures with the publicness of the past was also applying to the modern architectural space, the characteristics of modern society and the definition of program were investigated as the theological background. In addition, the case studies were conducted on Centre Pompidou, Louvre museum, British museum, Berlin Reichstag, Sony center, and BMW-World.
As a result, it was confirmed that the feature which was common to the architectural spaces with the publicness of the past was still applied to ones of modern times. So it was decided that this feature is the most important factor should be reflected in the design for the community welfare cultural center. The difference between the past and the present is that the shared-program space which was mainly the exterior space has became the inside one like the hall in the building. due to the changing definition of the publicness and development of architectural technique. And this means, as the shared-program space becomes multi-functional, its layout plan has been improved from the simple adjacent arrangement or stack arrangement toward integrating into the three dimensional space volume. And these architectural forms were classified in brief also. Based on investigations mentioned above, actual land site was selected and the design for the site was suggested.
This study selected the community welfare cultural center located in Dongcheon-dong Suji-gu Yongin city Gyunggi-do and an adjacent land as the site for the plan.
In this area, the sprawl development is happening with the detached housing area has been replaced by the housing complex, and the rapid increase of population is expected to be continue. Based on the result of current status analysis, it is necessary to develop the existing facility to be multi-functional by integrating the community center available to the public of any age and the profitable facility, in order to strengthen the regional characteristics and revitalize the regional community. The selected programs of the community center are the nursery (for infant to 7 years old), after-school nursery (for 8-13 years old), reading room and library (for teenagers to the thirties, mainly for youths), cultural center (for the forties to the sixties) and elderly welfare facility (for the over sixties). Also, post office, public health center, weekly care center for the elderly and disabled children, fitness club, commercial facility and public workplace are to be included as the specialized programs.
The primary objective is to link the community welfare cultural center with the specific function in order to make it have the publicness in the community. And the secondary objective is to make the community welfare cultural center be considered as the center of the community to the its members, by improving it to be the urban place where exiting members of community could unite with the rapidly changing housing environment and newly introduced population, and the newly moved people could feel connection.
On the basis of the above conclusion, this study suggested the multi-functional plan for the community welfare cultural center that it should be developed into the physical space where community could attract the participation and utilization from the community members and revitalize the community. In addition, the new possibility of the public architecture was groped by accepting the change of publicness in modern society and integrating the multi functional programs.