The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of music creating instruction based on metacognition strategy on reflective thinking to 6th grade students.
For the research purpose, the study reviewed the literature on music appreciation; met...
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of music creating instruction based on metacognition strategy on reflective thinking to 6th grade students.
For the research purpose, the study reviewed the literature on music appreciation; metacognition as well as self-regulated learning, critical thinking, and reflective thinking. The study has been developed 18th process music creating instruction which strenthens metacognition.
The study carried out for 26 6th graders of B elementary school in Hwaseong-si. After implementing a music creation instruction that applied metacognitive strategies, the study analyzed the effective on students’ reflective thinking. In order to investigate the reflective thinking of students in the music creation instruction to which the metacognitive strategy is applied in detail, data were collected through observation, student activity worksheets, student portfolios, and interviews. Reflective thinking was divided into critical thinking and self-regulated learning to investigate more precisely. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively, and the conclusions based on the results of the analysis are as follows.
First, the aspect of critical thinking among the reflective thinking that appeared to students in the music creation instruction to which the metacognitive strategy is applied are the structural understanding of the musical concepts, problem solving along with problem recognition through thought stimulation, and expansion of thinking. By constantly paying attention to their own and fellow students' musical thinking and behavior, learners can see music works more structurally from a broader perspective, and also discover music works on their own without being presented by the teacher. Also, through the training to think about the problem situation from various perspectives, students were able to approach the solution to the musical problem situation with creative and comprehensive thinking. In addition, through open questions that can stimulate thinking, emphasized in the metacognitive strategy class, questions such as 'why', 'how', and 'what' between teacher-students and students-students can be used to further improve music creating instruction. It provided an opportunity for in-depth reflection. These strategies helped students to improve their critical thinking and promoted reflective thinking.
Second, The aspects of self-regulated learning among the reflective thinking shown to students in the music creating instruction to which the metacognitive strategy is applied are various aspects of thinking/behavior control, active mutual teaching, self-directed control of the learning process, thinking development in the community, emotional appeared in monitoring. Students tried to manage the overall learning process themselves in the metacognitive strategy class. In the entire creative process, these activities include the creative process in advance, thinking about what instrument is appropriate for student, and thinking about what kind of music concept is needed for creating. Actively control the entire creative process and participate in creative activities self-directed. In addition, through the monitoring of emotional aspects through metacognition as well as control of cognitive aspects, the students managed their own emotional state during learning activities. As such, through metacognitive learning that includes not only the cognitive aspect but also the emotional aspect, it had a positive effect on learners' attitudes toward music subjects.
Through the music creating instruction to which the metacognitive strategy was applied, students' critical thinking and self-regulated learning were improved, which had a positive effect on the improvement of reflective thinking. Therefore, the music creating instruction applying metacognition is effective in improving the reflective thinking of 6th graders of elementary school.