백제 담로제(檐魯制)의 역사적 위상에 대한 시론 = The Historical status of the Baekje Dam’ro(檐魯) system

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article aims to reexamine the trend of research of the past century that has concentrated its examination upon the Baekje dynasty's Dam'ro(?魯: province) system. There has been total of three groups of scholars, whose hypotheses concerning the time of implementation of the Baekje Dam'ro system very much differed from each other. While some of them argued the 5th century as the time, the others claimed the 6th century, and some of them even claimed a much earlier time period.
In a chronological order, let us take a look at the claim of the third group first. There seems to be three main problems. First, the territorial expansion that continued during the reign of King Geun'cho'go-wang/近肖古王(346~375) does not necessarily mean that provincial administrations were sufficiently developed during this time period. Second, in order to identify the Dam'ro entity as a Seong(城: castle) figure, whether there were some functional differences between these two figures or not, should be examined more carefully in advance. Third, the accounts made in the ' Nintoku-ki(仁德紀)' chapter inside " Nihonshoki(日本書紀)" are rather fictional than factual, so it would be inappropriate to base our determination of a chronology upon it. The third group essentially suggested that a provincial administration system was employed in a very early period, yet close examination reveals that only a Seong-centered provincial administration system-which had emerged since the mid-third century-was existent at the time. The Bu(部: section) units were only ruling the local areas in an indirect fashion, and the Chon(村: village) units were rather natural settlements than administrative units.
In the meantime, the argument of the first group, which has suggested that the Dam'ro system was deployed in the 5th century, is also based upon the fictional accounts of "Nihonshoki" 'Nintoku-ki' chapter. Also, although it is suggested that the " Wang(王: king)/ Hu(侯: marquis)" system and the Dam'ro system were similar systems in nature, the former system was never used in the kings' dispatching of officials to provincial areas, while the latter system was used in such practices. Therefore they should be considered as two clearly different systems.
The merit of the second group's argument that should be noted, is the suggestion that the Dam'ro entities corresponded to Eub(邑: town) units, which also suggests that those units and their lands were under direct control of the king. The unitary taxation system which was established through a kingdom-wide census survey that took place during the reign of King Mu'ryeong-wang/武寧王(501~523) served as the institutional background of the implementation of the Dam'ro system. The Dam'ro system also formed the basis of the implementation of the " Bang(方: province)- Gun(郡: county)- Seong" system during the reign of King Seong-wang/聖王(523~554).

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 머리말
• 1. 연구사와 그 경향
• 2. 한성시대(漢城時代)의 지방통치체계와 담로제
• 3. 왕(王)ㆍ후제(侯制)와 담로제
• 4. 담로제의 실시시기와 성격
• 맺음말
• 참고문헌
• 〈Abstract〉

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