Due to industrialization in the 1970s and concentration of population in Seoul, the demand for houses and residential areas increased. In order to solve the problem of insufficient housing, the government developed a new city around the city of Seoul,...
Due to industrialization in the 1970s and concentration of population in Seoul, the demand for houses and residential areas increased. In order to solve the problem of insufficient housing, the government developed a new city around the city of Seoul, and the Seoul city attempted a supply policy to increase the quantitative supply of houses through urban regeneration projects such as housing redevelopment and housing reconstruction projects. Additionally, Seoul city established the policies which encouraged to build the mixed-use apartment in 1994 to increase housing supply by easing greatly the regulation approved in 1980. The mixed-use apartments were designed to prevent urban communalization and lead people for living in the residential and commercial area.
In 1994, the number of the mixed-use apartments escalated in Seoul because the policy to encourage the mixed-use apartment was widely applied from commercial area to semi-residential area and of the relaxation of restriction to the size of house-unit and the ratio of residences and commercial facilities. Since then, currency crisis (also known as IMF(International Monetary Fund) crisis) arriving, which brought economic recession, the government enforced the system which is the autonomy sale-price policy for economic recovery. So the mix used apartment in Seoul rapidly increased due to this housing supply promotion policy and economic stimulus policy.
However, the experts pointed out the several problems caused by the relaxation of various building regulation after IMF and this dissertation identified the issues they said.
First, the mixed-use apartments were built with high density in regional centers and commercial areas outside the city and it is developed mainly in small complexes with less than 100 households. Thus, it is concerned that commercial areas turn to the residential area.
Second, it is concerned about the weakening of commerce and business functions due to the encroachment of commerce and workspace.
Third, the problem of infrastructure shortages is addressed due to overloading of infrastructures such as schools, roads, and parks.
Fourth, due to the increase in the size of the house, the problems, such as disharmony with the surrounding area, discomfort between classes, and lack of communication between neighbors, were presented.
These problems addressed through the fact-finding of the infrastructure, the characteristics of the residents and residences, and the residential satisfaction survey and analysis of the residents, focusing on the boundary of the complex. Consequently, solutions in terms of housing supply policy and improvement of housing quality were suggested.
First of all, solutions for housing supply policy are below.
Firstly, it is needed to find ways to prepare differentiated supply policies and district unit plans considering regional characteristics related to the size of the complex (number of floors), floor area ratio, building-to-land ratio, the size of houses, installation of auxiliary facilities, etc when establishing supply policy or a district unit plan according to the construction of residential-commercial apartments in the city center and semi-urban areas.
Secondly, it is necessary to reset the requirements for the exclusion of business plan approval under the Housing Act.
Thirdly, it seems necessary to amend the law so that some housing law regulations can be applied when building permits are reviewed for additional facilities or infrastructure.
Fourthly, to meet the rental demand, it seems that it is necessary to consider a method of obligating the construction ratio of social housings.
Fifthly, it is likely to clearly stipulate the legal definition of residential-commercial apartments.,
Lastly, it seems to be necessary to consider a plan to reflect the construction of housing for the elderly in the supply policy.
Second of all, the ways to improve the housing quality are below.
Firstly, it seems necessary to prepare detailed guidelines so that the space between commercial facilities (lower floors) and housing departments (upper floors) can be used to secure landscape facilities among the subsidiary facilities in the complex.
Secondly, it is necessary to prepare a place for communication to secure the sociality of residents.
Overall, utilized in establishing the supply policy for the mixed-use apartments in Seoul, the proposed housing supply policy and measures to improve the quality of housing would contribute to the stability of the housing supply and the dwellings of the mixed-use apartment. Furthermore, this study would propose a new guideline which is possible to restore each of commercial and residential functions, in the perspective of city-environment.