자폐 범주성 장애 청소년과 성인의 직업교육 및 고용지원을 위한 중재 요소 고찰 = Review of Core Components of Vocational Education and Support for Successful Employment of Adolescents and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 자폐 범주성 장애 청소년 및 성인의 고용 성과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 효과적인 직업교육 및 고용지원을 위한 중재방안을 고찰하기 위하여 1990년부터 2011년까지의 관련 국내외 문헌을 심층 분석하여 최근 연구동향과 효과적인 고용지원을 위한 중재 요소에 대해 조사하였다. 그 결과, 자폐 범주성 장애 청소년 및 성인의 직업교육 및 고용지원과 관련된 중재 유형은 직업교육 및 중재패키지 프로그램, 국가 및 주 차원의 지원고용 프로그램, 지원고용 프로젝트, 직업선호도 평가의 네 가지로 분류되었으며, 이들 중재 유형으로부터 기술교수 및 행동지원, 교수전략, 환경지원, 직무 및 직업지도, 직업현장지원과 관련된 주요 중재 요소 20개가 도출되었다. 이상의 분석 결과를 토대로 국내 자폐 범주성 장애 청소년과 성인의 삶을 위한 성공적인 직업교육 및 고용지원을 위한 적용 방안을 제시하고 향후 연구 과제를 제안하기 위하여 다음과 같이 네 가지 논제를 중심으로 논의하였다: (1) 자폐 범주성 장애 청소년 및 성인의 직업교육 및 고용지원 프로그램 개발 및 효과 검증을 위한 연구 활성화, (2) 국가차원의 지원체제에 기반을 둔 장기지원 서비스 제공, (3) 다양한 측면에서의 고용성과 평가, (4) 자폐 범주성 장애 특성을 반영한 직업교육 및 고용지원 중재요소 적용

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to investigate research trend and core components of vocational education and support for successful employment of adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders(ASD) by reviewing domestic and abroad literature related to vocational education and employment support published from 1991 to 2011. In the process of analyzing articles, interventions regarding vocational education and employment support were categorized into 4 types: vocational education and intervention packages; government- or states-directed supported employment program; supported employment project; job preference evaluation. Also, twenty core components regarding instruction for skill acquisition and behavior support, environmental support, work training, instructional strategies for vocational skills, and on site support for workplace were emerged, which are most frequently found in the interventions. Based on the findings of this study, implications for application of and future research on vocational education and support for successful employment of adolescents and adults with ASD are provided as follows: (1) enhancing research to develop vocational education and employment support program and investigating their effects, (2) providing long term service based on government directed support systems, (3) evaluating employment outcomes within multiple areas using various measurements, and (4) implementing core components of vocational education and employment support, which respond to unique characteristics of ASD.

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