한국 아동의 거짓말 유형에 대한 이해, 도덕적 판단, 정서반응의 발달 = A Study on the Development of Understanding of Different Types of Lies, Moral Judgement, and Emotional Reactions in Korean Children

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined children's understanding, moral judgment, and emotional reactions about three different types of lies(i.e. antisocial lies, white lies, and trick lies) in Korean children. Participants were eighty five-year-old, six-year-old and seven-year-old Korean children and adults(20 for each group).
The results showed that children understood antisocial lies better than white lies and trick lies. But understanding of the inherent intention in lying stories, like the white lies or trick lies, required the understanding of cognitive epistemic state. There were differences of children's moral judgment for lies according to age and lie types. Younger children(five- and six-year-old) treated all types of lies as being bad. On the other hand, seven-year-old treated antisocial lies and trick lies as being bad, but white lies as being good, while adults treated antisocial lies as being bad, but white lies and trick lies as being good. The results also showed that children made a mistake in inferring negative emotions from white lies and trick lies and in inferring positive emotions from antisocial lies.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 거짓말 유형(반사회, 선의, 유희)에 대한 이해, 이에 따른 도덕적 판단, 부정적, 긍정적 정서반응이 연령(만 5, 6, 7세, 성인)에 따라 어떻게 발달하는가를 살펴보았다. 그 결과 거짓말에 대한 이해는 모든연령에서 반사회적 거짓말에 대한 이해를 다른 유형의 거짓말보다 더 잘 이해했다. 그러나 선의나 유희적거짓말에 대한 이해는 연령에 따른 차이를 보였는데, 5, 6세는 선의와 유희적 거짓말의 이해에서 차이를 보이지 않았지만, 7세는 선의의 거짓말을 유희적 거짓말보다 더 잘 이해했다. 한편, 성인은 반사회와 선의의거짓말을 유희적 거짓말보다 더 잘 이해했다. 거짓말에 대한 도덕적 판단에서 5, 6세는 세 유형의 거짓말에대한 도덕적 판단의 차이가 유의미하지 않았지만, 7세는 반사회와 유희적 거짓말을 선의의 거짓말보다 더잘못된 행동으로 판단했다. 성인은 반사회적 거짓말을 가장 잘못된 행동으로 판단했고, 그 다음 유희적 거짓말, 선의의 거짓말의 순으로 잘못된 행동으로 판단했다. 정서반응에서 5, 6, 7세는 모든 유형의 거짓말에서 부정적, 긍정적 정서반응의 차이가 유의미하지 않았다. 하지만 성인은 선의와 유희적 거짓말보다 반사회적 거짓말에서 미안하다는 부정적 정서반응을 더 많이 보였으며, 반사회적 거짓말보다 선의와 유희적 거짓말에서 기쁘다는 긍정적 정서반응을 더 많이 보였다. 이러한 결과는 거짓말에 내재된 의도의 종류에 따라거짓말을 이해하고 판단하며, 더 나아가 정서적 반응을 보이는 것이 달라짐을 시사한다.

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