청소년의 도덕적 정서와 문화성향에 따른 지인 및 타인에 대한 친사회적 행동에 관한 연구 = Relationship between Emotion, Individualism-Collectivism Cultural Disposition and Prosocial Behavior among Adolescents

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The primary goal of this study was to examine the relations between adolescents' sympathy-distress emotion and prosocial behaviors on the adolescents’ cultural dispositions toward individualism and collectivism. The participants of the study were 699 adolescents(mean age= 16.7; 357 males, 312 females) from high schools in Seoul. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires. The major results of the study were as follow: First, adolescent's sex and distress emotion were significant variables in predicting adolescents' prosocial behaviors toward familiar persons, whereas cultural dispositions and distress emotion were significantly related to adolescents' prosocial behaviors toward strangers. A moderating effect of self-focused distress in the links between adolescents' cultural disposition and prosocial behavior was also found. Specifically, when adolescents' self-focused distress is low, Collectivism-oriented adolescents showed more prosocial behavior toward strangers than did Individualism-oriented adolescents. Second, Adolescents' emotion acted as a mediator between adolescents' cultural disposition and prosocial behaviors. That is, adolescents' cultural disposition directly and indirectly influenced (through experienced emotions) their prosocial behavior toward both familiar persons and strangers. This study underscores the importance of adolescents' sympathy-distress emotion and Individualism-collectivism cultural disposition in predicting adolescents' prosocial behaviors.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 청소년의 성, 도덕적 정서(동정, 자기초점 고통, 타인초점고통)및 문화성향이 친사회적 행동에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는 한편, 문화성향과 친사회적 행동 간의 관계에서 정서의 매개효과를 살펴보았다. 연구대상은 서울과 수도권에 사는 청소년 699명(평균연령:16.8세)으로 청소년용 자기보고 질문지를 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 연구문제 분석 결과 지인에 대한 친사회적 행동은 청소년의 성과 자기초점고통 및 타인초점고통이 주요 예측 변인으로 나타나 여자 청소년이 그리고 자기초점 고통이 낮고 타인초점 고통이 높을 때 지인에 대한 친사회적 행동이 많이 나타났다. 그러나 타인에 대한 친사회적 행동의 경우는 성의 주 효과는 나타나지 않았고 문화성향과 자기초점고통간의 상호작용효과가 나타나 특히 자기초점고통이 낮은 경우 집단주의성향 청소년이 개인주의성향 청소년보다 타인에 대한 친사회적 행동을 더 많이 하였다. 한편, 매개분석결과 남아의 집단주의 성향은 낮은 자기초점 고통과 높은 타인초점 고통을 통해 지인이나 타인에 대한 친사회적 행동에 영향을 미쳤다. 반면 여아의 집단주의 성향은 높은 동정심, 타인초점고통 및 낮은 자기초점 고통을 매개로 지인에 대한 친사회적 행동에 영향을 미쳤다. 본 연구는 청소년의 성과 도덕적 정서 및 문화성향이 친사회적 행동을 예측할 수 있는 중요한 변인임을 밝히는 한편, 문화가 친사회적 행동에 영향을 미치는 경로를 파악함으로써 청소년기 친사회적 발달에 관한 이론적 근거를 제공하였다.

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