직무요구와 직무소진 그리고 리더십 유형간의 관계에 관한 연구 = An Empirical Study on the Relationships among Job Demand, Job Burnout and Leadership Styles of Leader

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study empirically examined job demand-resource model of job burnout, based on the sample of 300 Chinese employees. Transactional and transformational leadership are selected as job resource variables. Job demand means role overload. Job burnout includes emotional exhaustion and detachment from the job. The results of this study are as followings; 1) job demand is positively related to job burnout (including emotional exhaustion and detachment from the job). 2) management by exception dimension of transactional leadership is positively related to job burnout. management by exception positively moderates the relationships between job demand and job burnout. 3) all dimensions of transformational leadership are negatively related to job burnout. They have no moderation effects on the relationships between job demand and job burnout. Based on the results, the theoretical and practical implications of the research findings are discussed, and recommendation for future research are provided.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 서문식, "판매원의 감정부조화와 감정적 고갈이 고객지향성 및 고객의 서비스품질 평가에 미치는 영향" 한국마케팅학회 17 (17): 47-75, 2002

2 임창희, "직장에서의 신뢰와 응집성이 직무소진에 미치는 영향" 한국인사관리학회 35 (35): 131-156, 2011

3 윤정민, "직무요구와 직무자원이 직무탈진에 미치는 영향 : 서비스직과 일반사무직의 비교" 고려대학교 2006

4 박상언, "직무요구와 직무소진(Job Burnout) 그리고 조직공정성 요인간의 관계에 관한 연구" 한국경영학회 35 (35): 367-388, 2006

5 박경환, "직무요구가 직무성과에 미치는 긍정적 효과와 직무소진을 매개로 하는 부정적 효과에 관한 연구" 한국인사관리학회 33 (33): 35-63, 2009

6 박상언, "직무요구-통제 모형에 의한 사원들의 직무소진(Job Burnout)에 관한 연구: 적극적 성격과 자기효능감 변수의 조절효과를 중심으로" 한국인사관리학회 30 (30): 46-70, 2006

7 이종목, "직무스트레스 척도제작에관한 연구" 4 (4): 241-262, 1988

8 박상언, "직무수행 과정에서 지각된 정서적 안녕(Affective Well-Being)이 직무요구-자원 모형에서 수행하는 역할에 대한 실증연구" 한국인사조직학회 20 (20): 177-220, 2012

9 하성욱, "직무소진의 직무요구-통제모형에서 완충가설의 재해석" 한국인적자원관리학회 19 (19): 27-72, 2012

10 이용진, "중국진출 한국기업에서 몰입형 인사시스템이 인사관리 효과성에 미치는 영향：경쟁전략과 본사파견인력의 조절효과" 한국인사조직학회 17 (17): 109-148, 2009

11 홍세희, "인사조직 연구를 위한 매개효과와조절효과 검증 방법" 국민대학교 2009

12 최병권, "업무과부하, 직무소진, 이직의도의 관계에서 직무자율성과경력성장기회의 조절효과" 한국인사관리학회 37 (37): 145-170, 2013

13 박상언, "소진(Burnout)에 대한 직무요구, 직무통제 그리고 사회적 지원의 효과" 한국인사관리학회 29 (29): 23-48, 2005

14 채서일, "사회과학조사방법론, 제3판" 비앤엠북스 2003

15 한광현, "변혁적, 거래적 리더십 요인과 스트레스와의 관계에 대한 탐색적 연구" 28 (28): 51-74, 1999

16 중국사회과학원, "도시경쟁력청서, 2011년5월 6일"

17 Bakker, A. B., "Using the job demand resources model to predict burnout and performance" 43 : 83-104, 2004

18 de Lange, A. H., "The very best of millennium : Longitudinal research and the demand-control-(support)model" 8 (8): 282-305, 2003

19 Shamir, B., "The motivational effects of charismatic leadership : A self-concept based theory" 4 (4): 577-594, 1993

20 Maslach, C., "The measurement of experienced burnout" 12 : 99-113, 1981

21 Demerouti, E., "The job demandsresources model of burnout" 86 (86): 499-512, 2001

22 van der Doef, M., "The job demand-control(-support)model and psychological well-being : A review of 20years of empirical research" 13 (13): 87-114, 1999

23 Demerouti, E., "The convergent validity of two burnout instruments : A multitraitmultimethod analysis" 19 : 12-23, 2003

24 Venkatraman, N., "The concept of fit in strategy research : Toward verbal and statistical correspondence" 14 : 423-444, 1989

25 Maslach, C., "The Maslach Burnout Inventory" Consulting Psychologists Press 1981

26 Cohen, S., "Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis" 98 : 310-357, 1985

27 Edwards, D., "Stress management for mental health professionals : A review of effective techniques" 18 : 203-215, 2002

28 McCauley, C. D., "Stress and the eye of the beholder" 7 (7): 1-16, 1987

29 Ivancevich, J. M., "Stress and Work: A Managerial Perspective" Foresman and Company 1980

30 Eastburg, M. C., "Social support, personality, and burnout in nurses" 24 : 1233-1250, 1994

31 Podsakoff, P. M., "Selfreporters in organizational research: Problems and prospects" 12 (12): 531-544, 1986

32 Salanova, M., "Self-efficacy specificity and burnout among information technology workers : An extension of the job-demand-control model" 11 (11): 1-25, 2002

33 Yildiz, S. M., "Relationship between leadermember exchange and burnout in professional footballers" 29 (29): 1493-1502, 2011

34 Downton, J. V., "Rebel Leadership : Commitment and Charisma in the Revolutionary Process" Free Press 1973

35 Pines, M., "Psychological hardiness" 14 (14): 38-39, 1980

36 Parkes, K. R., "Personality and coping as moderators of work stress processes : Models, methods and measures" 8 : 110-129, 1994

37 Smith, C. A., "Organizational citizenship behavior : Its nature and antecedents" 68 : 653-663, 1983

38 Laschinger, H. K. S., "New nurses burnout and workplace wellbeing : The influence of authentic leadership and psychological capital" 1 : 19-28, 2014

39 Hair Jr. J. E., "Multivariate Data Analysis with Readings, (4th ed.)" Prentice-Hall International, Inc. 1995

40 Aiken, L. S., "Multiple Regression : Testing and Interpreting Interactions" Sage Publications 1991

41 Zopiatis, A., "Leadership styles and burnout: Is there an association?" 22 (22): 300-320, 2010

42 Bass, B. M., "Leadership and Performance Beyond Expectations" Free Press 1985

43 Karasek, R. A., "Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain : Implications for job redesign" 24 : 285-308, 1979

44 Kaufman, G. M., "Interactions between job stressors and social support : Some counterintuitive results" 71 : 522-526, 1986

45 Karasek, R. A., "Healthy Work : Stress, Productivity, and the Reconstruction of Working Life" Basic Books 1990

46 Bass, B. M., "From transactional to transformational leadership: Learning to share the vision" (Winter) : 19-31, 1990

47 Belicki, K., "Employee and patient designed study of burnout and job satisfaction in a chronic care hospital" 12 (12): 37-45, 1996

48 Fox, M. L., "Effects of stressful job demands and control on physiological and attitudinal outcomes in a hospital setting" 36 : 289-318, 1993

49 Bradley, R. T., "Charisma and Social Structure : A Study of Love and Power, Wholeness and Transformation" Paragon House 1987

50 Melamed, S., "Attenuating the impact of job demands : Additive and interactive effects of perceived control and social support" 39 : 40-53, 1991

51 Russell, L. M., "An empirical investigation of high-risk occupations : Leader influence on employee stress and burnout among police" 37 (37): 367-384, 2014

52 de Rijk, A. E., "Active coping and need for control as moderators of the job demand-control model : Effects on burnout" 71 : 1-18, 1998

53 Meyer, J. P., "A threecomponent conceptualization of organizational commitment" 1 : 61-89, 1991

54 중국 인력자원개발웹사이트, "2008년 중국 직장인 직무소진 현상 조사보고"