운전면허시험제도의 개선방안에 관한 연구 = Study on Improvements of Driver's License Test System

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In modern society, driving is regarded as an essential activity of daily living. The number of driver's license holder is about 24,680,000, near 50.9% of the population. Together this, the age group which gets the driver's license has been lowering and the getting the driver's license rates of women and the old has been increasing.
Since the driver's license system was adopted in our country, 1913, it has been changed and developed a lot to be settled down. Especially, entering 1990s, the number of driver's license holder was increased rapidly and the government tightened the education on safe driving to cultivate qualified drivers. Also to strengthen the professionalism of Driving school, government adopted ‘Professional Driving School System' in July 1995 and tried to pave the way for more effective driver's license test system. From 1996, government adopted indoor and road test which has electronic grading ways and etc in regular sequence, and gave driving schools authority to execute indoor test and road test itself.
Entering 2000s, to pave the systematic way for driver's license test business and management, the driver's licensed test agency which is the administration agency and manages 26 driver's license test hall throughout the nations was founded on January 1st, 2000. Besides, there have been lots of changes; giving great deal of opportunity to get driver's license for disabled people, abolishing unnecessary parts and customizing qualifying test for real and etc. Also to have people be benefited in administrative measures, some laws have been made and changed. All of these improvements and changes are for cultivating qualified divers, reduce the incidence of traffic accident and build the developed traffic culture.
However, in spite of many changes and improvement on current driver's license test system, the number of killed and injured people has been increasing. And groping for proper improvements by sweeping research, analysis on current driver's licensed test must be settle without delay to reduce the incidence of traffic accident and breaking poor traffic culture. We should emerge from driver's license test for just and only for getting license and set driver's license test system which can make progress to settle developed traffic culture. To achieve it, we should grasp the problem of current driver's license test system and draw proper measurements.
Lately, like traffic developed countries, the death rate of traffic accidents has been decreased with the development of automobile and health care technology. However, by estimating the fact that the incidence of traffic accident and injured rate from it has been rather increased in spite of great efforts, such as adopting professional driving school, improving technical test, increasing opportunity of traffic safety education and modified written test questions, it is hard to expect to reach the developed traffic culture and reduce traffic accident rate of current driver's license test system.
At present, among the OECD countries, we and Japan are the only one which enforce indoor test system for getting driver's license. And we are the only countries which evaluates driving ability with indoor course facilities and electronic grading machine. In spite of these, we and Japan stands 1st and 2nd place for ‘death and injured rate of car accident per 10,000 car. Also as we see from the fact that an accident rate of new drivers in our country takes the first place in the world, we can make a case for full-scale changes and improvement of current driver's license test system.
It is only just that a driver who is considerate not only of own safety but also of other's safety is eligible to get issue the driver's license. So the driver's license test system should improved to check these with tighten examination and verified methods. Under these circumstance, the problem and improvement of current driver's license test system are as follows.
First, Driver's License Agency is dualed with Drivers License Examination Office and Driving School. And it makes the license test hard to keep up the fairness and professionalism. Furthermore, it retards the trust in the test. To solve this problem, the government should take up the supervisory authority of driving school, and build a one-agency supervisory system. And a fair and professional driving license test system with national standard should be established. In addition, the driving school takes only a role of educational facilities, and give written and practical road test lessons to cultivate drivers with good driving habits.
Second, an improvement of effectiveness on driver's license test education. The current education related getting driver's license consists of written which is enforced by professional driving school and traffic safety education which is enforced by Road Traffic Authority. However, due to the lack of program and institutional problems, appliers have a propensity to avoid these education. Also the agencies in charge of these just observe forms. Increasing more education time on written test which takes off at driving school and institutionalizing it, developing various practical and essential education contents and applying these for actual driving came out as ways to solve these problems. With these, it's able to be settle down as an education field which cultivates good drivers.
Third, it needs to have a thorough grasp of written test problem and make improvements. It's been discussed to leave a charge of setting write written test questions and executing it to private agency. However, the state organ must be in charge of the written test same as at present. And the same goes for the oversea cases. Furthermore, deviating from the learning by rote, the written test should be improved to have practical contents which really need for real driving. And it is need to give added significance on written by raising passing grade.
Forth, it needs to guard against social and financial loss by abolishing current indoor test with electronic grading way. It can also cut unnecessary driver's license test procedure and simplify it. The electronic scoring system of indoor test doesn't cultivate essential or actual skill for driving, but knack for getting high score with learning by rote. This obstructs would-be driver in achieving good driving habits. Moreover, maintenance or management services of indoor test cost a lot and cause big financial loss. To solve this problem, it needs to abolish indoor test quickly and establish effective driving license test system. Like this, by abolishing indoor test, problems of management on driving school and driver's license test hall can be solved. Furthermore, by designating regular hours of indoor education before road test, or changing these education to paid-in lesson, indoor test hall can changed as indoor education hall.
Fifth, improvements for managing way of current road test education and evaluating way is urgently called for. Current road test education is just driving over again the reserved course. By repeating practice, the ratio of successful applicant may be raised. But it is no longer qualified to serve and cultivate the actual or essential skill for driving, its main purpose. Also there are lots of overlapping and not worth real driving items in road test. Due to the lack of the fairness and professionalism of road test examination' supervisor and examinator, it is in a critical condition to keep the public trust on evaluation of road test. To resolve these problems, we customize the road test evaluation items for real first. And by strengthening evaluation items, we should let people know that just learning by rote can't bet passing the test. To sustain the fairness and professionalism of road driving examination' supervisor and examinator, we should adopt a professional examinator system which is authorized by government agency, and select supervisor through careful verification. And after the selection, we should ive continuous education to the supervisors to possess special ability, also build a system which can maintain the fairness and professionalism of road test.
Together with this, we can secure the fairness of road test with testing vehicles with up-to-date and recording equipment. It also can make the best use as countermove when there is public petitions. We should have improvements for actual condition and problem of driver's license test system in Korea and raise the standard of driving to developed country‘s level. With these, we should be careful and try not to happen car accidents by wrong driving habits.
This study is about the problem and improvements of driver's license test system in Korea. Especially, the study focuses on draw the problems and improvements of regular license for 1 and 2nd types of vehicle. However, in spite of the fact that education for ex license holder and management of moto cycles emerge as serious social issue, we didn't research on them. If that were to occur, the range of study extends too broad and it cause digression from the subject. Henceforth, we hope that studies on these field would be active and improve driver's license test system in general. This is supposed to bring the developed traffic culture and we do look for it.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론 = 1
• 제1절 연구의 목적 = 1
• 제2절 연구의 범위 및 방법 = 5
• 1. 연구의 범위 = 5
• 2. 연구의 방법 = 6
• 제2장 운전면허시험제도의 이론적 배경 = 8
• 제1절 운전면허시험제도의 개관 = 8
• 1. 운전면허시험제도의 의의 = 8
• 2. 운전면허시험제도의 변천과정 = 10
• 제2절 각국의 운전면허시험제도 = 16
• 1. 영국 = 16
• 2. 미국 = 22
• 3. 독일 = 32
• 4. 일본 = 39
• 5. 스웨덴 = 49
• 제3절 선행연구의 검토 = 52
• 1. 운전면허시험 및 관리제도의 개선에 관한 연구 = 53
• 2. 운전면허 취득방법에 따른 교통사고율 분석 연구 = 56
• 제3장 운전면허시험제도의 실태분석 및 문제점 = 58
• 제1절 운전면허시험제도의 실태분석 = 58
• 1. 운전면허시험 관리기관 및 행정체계 = 58
• 2. 운전면허 취득관련 교육 = 64
• 3. 운전면허 취득절차 = 71
• 제2절 운전면허시험제도의 문제점 = 75
• 1. 운전면허시험 관리기관의 이원화 = 75
• 2. 운전면허 취득관련 교육의 형식화 = 77
• 3. 운전면허 취득절차의 비효율화 = 80
• 제4장 운전면허시험제도의 효율적 개선방안 = 88
• 제1절 운전면허시험 관리 및 평가방법의 통합 = 88
• 1. 운전면허시험 관리기관의 일원화 = 88
• 2. 운전면허시험 평가방법의 단일화 = 90
• 제2절 운전면허 취득관련 교육의 실효성 확보 = 93
• 1. 학과교육 및 교통안전교육의 개선 = 93
• 2. 장내 기능교육 및 도로주행교육의 효율적 운용 = 97
• 제3절 운전면허 취득절차의 개선 = 99
• 1. 학과시험문제의 개선 = 99
• 2. 장내 기능시험의 폐지 = 101
• 3. 도로주행시험의 운용방법 개편 = 104
• 제5장 결 론 = 110
• 참고문헌 = 116
• ABSTRACT = 121