고정화 활성슬러지를 이용한 시안화합물 분해에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Cyanide is highly toxic to ecosystems, cyanide-containing effluents cannot be discharged without being subjected to treatment to reduce to very low levels (0.1 <mg dm-3 of CN-). To prevent the access of cyanide to ecosystems, many biological detoxifications of cyanide have been tried, for the biological system has been considered to be the most effective and ultimate method.
Many microorganisms have an inherent capacity to degrade the toxic organic compounds that enter the environment as a result of pollution and natural activities. However, there are few examples of biological degradation for cyanide compounds in the field.
The immobilization of a microorganism has been rapidly progressed with the development of bio-technology and it has been used as a tool to isolate products from biological media in various areas, it has not yet been practiced in the treatment of wastewater.
This study has been optimized operating conditions removal to cyanide in a synthetic wastewater by PEG method with microorganisms immobilized.
The immobilized activated sludge utilized of Ni(CN)42- as a nitrogen source. During cyanide degradation, ammonia and carbon dioxide were found as final products. The utilization of ammonia formed by Ni(CN)42- degradation was investigated by adding the glucose as carbon source.
In the batch experiments, the effects of a substrate concentration, pH, amount sludge, phenol, bead packing volume, glucose, thiocyanate on the removal of cyanide compounds were investigated a maximum condition by immobilized activated sludge.
The higher degradation activity was obtained at pH 7.0. In case that pH was beside 6~9, relative activity was dramatically decreased. The cyanide degradation decreased with increasing of initial cyanide concentration. Although cyanide degradation increased with increasing of glucose, phenol and SCN- .
In continuous experiments operational conditions is HRT 48~24hrs, pH 8.0, bead 30%. The hydraulic retention time of 36hr, the higher degradation efficiency of cyanide was shown. As decreasing the hydraulic retention time further down to 24hr, the degradation efficiency of cyanide degreased to 90%. The removal efficiency of cyanide were 99%, while HRT was 36hrs.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• List of Figures = ⅲ
• List of Tables = ⅴ
• ABSTRACT = ⅵ
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• Ⅱ. 이론적 고찰 = 3
• A. 시안화합물 = 3
• 1. 시안화합물의 특성 = 3
• 2. 시안화합물의 발생원 = 4
• 3. 시안 분해 미생물 = 5
• B. 시안화합물 처리 방법 = 9
• 1. 물리 · 화학적 처리 = 9
• 2. 생물학적 처리 = 11
• C. 미생물 고정화법 = 12
• 1. 고정화법의 정의 및 역사 = 12
• 2. 고정화법의 특성 = 14
• 3. 포괄고정화법의 원리 = 20
• 4. 포괄고정화 재료 및 조건 = 20
• Ⅲ. 실험방법 및 재료 = 22
• A. 활성슬러지 순화 및 고정화 활성슬러지 제조 = 22
• 1. 공시활성슬러지 = 22
• 2. 합성폐수의 조성 = 23
• 3. 고정화 재료 및 방법 = 24
• 4. 주사전자현미경 (SEM) = 24
• B. 실험장치 = 27
• 1. 회분식 실험장치 = 27
• 2. 연속식 실험장치 = 28
• C. 분석방법 = 31
• Ⅳ. 결과 및 고찰 = 32
• A. 회분식 실험 = 32
• 1. 포기에 따른 시안화합물의 변화 = 32
• 2. 슬러지량에 따른 시안화합물 분해 효율 = 34
• 3. 비드의 슬러지 함량이 시안화합물 분해에 미치는 영향 = 34
• 4. 기질농도가 시안화합물 분해에 미치는 영향 = 37
• 5. pH가 시안화합물 분해에 미치는 영향 = 41
• 6. 비드 충진율이 시안화합물 분해에 미치는 영향 = 44
• 7. 시안화합물 분해에 따른 암모니아성질소 생성 = 46
• 8. Glucose가 시안화합물 분해에 미치는 영향 = 48
• 9. SCN- 이 시안화합물 분해에 미치는 영향 = 51
• 10. Phenol이 시안화합물 분해에 미치는 영향 = 53
• B. 연속식 실험 = 56
• 1. HRT에 따른 시안화합물의 분해 효율 = 56
• Ⅴ. 결론 = 58