가로주택정비사업 활성화를 위한 요인분석에 관한 연구 = (The) factor analysis for successful implementation of the street housing-led housing renewal

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Act on the Maintenance and Improvement of Urban Areas and Dwelling Conditions for Residents was amended in 2012 in response to the problems of market-driven, large scale housing renewal methods such as mass apartment constructions. To avoid social and economic shortcomings of excessive housing renewal, the amendment adopted an approach combining resident-led small scale housing renewals with existing urban tissue, which resulted in the proposition of the Street Housing-Led Housing Renewal program. Street Housing-Led Housing renewal was considered a paradigmatic shift in that it supported gradual renewal of densely populated single housing areas, and also a means of providing ground floor service facilities to revitalize streets and to boost intensive urban land use. However, the endorsement of this program in the Busan metropolitan area has not been adequately reviewed, as previous studies have based their research on non-grid street housing units. This study contends that the proper standard of review should be the remaining grid street housing units and focuses on successful examples of Street Housing-Led Housing Renewal projects conducted on these grid street housing units. In particular, this study presents results of the factor analysis of these projects to identify essential factors required for successful renewal and give suggestions for factors that need to be improved, so that private developers could increase the success rate of street renewal.
Based on review of urban planning theories and preceding researches, this study considered ten variables relating to institutional aspects and three variables relating to resident satisfaction aspects and analyzed how each variable contributes to the success of Street Housing-Led Housing Renewal projects. To identify common factors among the effects of variable sets of institutional aspects and resident satisfaction, this study conducted factor analysis, which led to finding of the following factors: relaxation of facility standards, simplification of procedures, reinforcement and satisfaction. Having each factor as an independent variable while holding other factors as constant, this study conducted multiple regression analysis with enter method, which revealed the following results: simplification of procedure was found to be positively correlated with the success of the Street Housing-Led Housing Renewal program with correlation coefficient being 40.9, and relaxation of facility standards was found to be positively correlated with the program with correlation coefficient being 35.9.
To meet this study's goal of identifying effects of institutional aspects to the success of the Street Housing-Led Housing Renewal program and providing housing developers with a means to increase the success rate, this study further conducted stepwise-method multiple regression analysis on the ten variables relating to institutional aspects. The result found strong correlations between the following variables and the Renewal program, in order of strength and with the correlation coefficients in the parentheses: omission of renewal plan (29.5), relaxation of standards for welfare facilities (27.0), building height regulations allowing consturction of buildings up to seven stories (20.7), relaxation of standards for open space (20.2), increase in the number of installment sales (15.7) and increase in the required union agreement rates (-12.4). The first five variables were found to be positively correlated with the success of the Street Housing-Led Housing Renewal program, while the last variable, increase in the union agreement rates, was found to be negatively correlated with the success of the program.
The fact that omission of renewal plan was found to be most important variable in the Street Housing-Led Housing Renewal program reflects residents' recognition that failure of the program was due to excessive delay and cost spent for infrastructure development, which was caused by renewal planning just like those in mass housing renewal projects. As a result, the survey showed residents finding the requirement for renewal plans as a strong obstacle for the vitalizations of Street Housing-Led Housing Renewal projects, even considering the need for organized housing renewal plans.
However, omission of renewal plans could lead to the lack of infrastructure such as public parks, which would turn Street Housing-Led Housing Renewal projects into mass production of poor-quality residential areas. This would lead to desolation of already sparse grid street housing units. Therefore, this study proposes as an appropriate alternative the Air Right policy, which is already adopted in the U.S. and Japan but not yet in South Korea. As infrastructure is by nature supposed to be provided by the central or local government but is not due to the short of government funding, Air Right policy could be an effective alternative in areas with conditions appropriate for the Street Housing-Led Housing Renewal program.
On the other hand, increase in the required union agreement rates corresponded with the expectation that it would be negatively correlated with the success of the Street Housing-Led Housing Renewal program. The recent increase in the required rate of union member's agreement from 75% to 90% was to compensate for the public welfare compromised by the Street Housing-Led Housing Renewal program lacking big-picture renewal plans, but this increase would constitute a fundamental blockade to the program. Only a few opponents could still prohibit the whole project, which would confer them a tremendous power and make them new holdouts. Thus, increase in the required union agreement rates requires review of the policymakers.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론 1
• 제1절 연구의 배경 및 목적 1
• 1. 연구의 배경 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 3
• 제2절 연구의 범위 및 방법 5
• 1. 연구의 범위 5
• 1) 공간적 범위 5
• 2) 내용적 범위 5
• 2. 연구의 방법 5
• 제2장 가로주택정비사업에 대한 선행연구 검토 및 이론적 고찰 7
• 제1절 주거지 정비사업 관련 선행연구 검토 7
• 1. 도시재생에 관한 선행연구 검토 7
• 1) 도시재생 전반에 관한 선행연구 검토 7
• 2) 도시재생의 세부전략에 관한 선행연구 검토 8
• 3) 도시재생의 해외사례에 관한 선행연구 검토 10
• 2. 주거지 정비사업에 관한 선행연구 검토 11
• 1) 기성주거지 정비사업에 관한 선행연구 검토 12
• 2) 현행법 상의 주거지관련 정비사업에 관한 선행연구 검토 14
• 3. 도시정비사업 및 도시재정비촉진사업의 활성화에 관한 선행연구 검토 17
• 제2절 주거지 정비사업에 대한 법제 변천 고찰 19
• 제3절 가로주택정비사업 관련 제도와 개념 26
• 제4절 시장의 실패와 정부의 역할 32
• 1. 시장의 실패 32
• 2. 정부의 역할 34
• 제3장 연구모형 및 가설 설정 36
• 제1절 연구모형 및 주요변수 정의 36
• 1. 연구모형 36
• 2. 주요 변수에 대한 정의 38
• 1) 가로주택정비사업의 활성화 38
• 2) 제도적 특성 39
• 3) 시설완화 요인 39
• 4) 절차 간소화 요인 39
• 5) 강화 요인 39
• 6) 만족도 요인 40
• 제2절 연구가설 설정 41
• 1. 시설완화 요인 41
• 2. 절차 간소화 요인 42
• 3. 강화 요인 43
• 4. 만족도 요인 44
• 제4장 실증분석 45
• 제1절 측정항목의 신뢰성 및 타당성 분석 45
• 1. 표본에 대한 빈도분석 45
• 2. 신뢰성분석과 요인분석 46
• 1) 제도적 특 성 46
• 2) 만족도 특성 51
• 3) 입주의향 특성 53
• 제2절 연구가설 검증 55
• 1. 시설완화 요인, 절차 간소화 요인, 강화 요인, 만족도 요인이 가로주택정비사업 활성화에 미치는 영향 55
• 2. 제도적 특성이 가로주택정비사업 활성화에 미치는 영향 57
• 3. 회귀분석 결과 요약 61
• 제3절 기타 분석 66
• 1. 주요변수들에 대한 인식의 차이 66
• 1) 아파트 주거 여부에 따른 인식의 차이 66
• 2) 주택소유 여부에 따른 인식의 차이 67
• 3) 사업기간중의 이주문제에 대한 인식의 차이 69
• 4) 국민주택기금의 장기저리융자에 대한 인식의 차이 71
• 5) 찬성여부 정도에 대한 사업비 경감방안 일원분산분석 73
• 제5장 결론 76
• 제1절 연구의 요약 및 결론 76
• 제2절 연구의 한계 79
• 참고문헌 80
• 부록: 설문지 84
• ABSTRACT 92